{"id":"https://openalex.org/W2410187597","doi":null,"title":"Strategies for preventing type I diabetes mellitus.","display_name":"Strategies for preventing type I diabetes mellitus.","publication_year":1996,"publication_date":"1996-03-01","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W2410187597","mag":"2410187597","pmid":"https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/8775937","pmcid":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/1303419"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"pmh:oai:europepmc.org:196544","doi":null,"is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/1303419","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306400806","display_name":"Europe PMC (PubMed Central)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I1303153112","host_organization_name":"European Bioinformatics Institute","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1303153112"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":null,"raw_type":"Text"},"volume":null,"type":"article","is_traditional":true,"indexed_in":["pubmed"],"open_access":{"is_oa":true,"oa_status":"green","oa_url":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/1303419","any_repository_has_fulltext":true},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5024029077","display_name":"Charles F. Verge","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9343-258X","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9343-258X"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210087413","display_name":"University of Colorado Health","ror":"https://ror.org/0107w4315","country_code":"US","type":"healthcare","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210087413"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"C F Verge","raw_affiliation_strings":["Barbara Davis Center for Childhood Diabetes, University of Colorado Health Sciences Center, Denver 80262, USA"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Barbara Davis Center for Childhood Diabetes, University of Colorado Health Sciences Center, Denver 80262, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210087413"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5110195889","display_name":"George S. Eisenbarth","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[],"countries":[],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"G S Eisenbarth","raw_affiliation_strings":[],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":1,"corresponding_author_ids":[],"corresponding_institution_ids":[],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":0.333,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":6,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.53468523,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":null,"biblio":{"volume":"164","issue":"3","first_page":"249","last_page":"55"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11171","display_name":"Diabetes and associated disorders","score":1.0,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1311","display_name":"Genetics"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/13","display_name":"Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/1","display_name":"Life Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11171","display_name":"Diabetes and associated disorders","score":1.0,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1311","display_name":"Genetics"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/13","display_name":"Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/1","display_name":"Life Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10560","display_name":"Diabetes Management and Research","score":0.0,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2712","display_name":"Endocrinology, Diabetes and Metabolism"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/27","display_name":"Medicine"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/4","display_name":"Health Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10839","display_name":"Pancreatic function and diabetes","score":0.0,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2712","display_name":"Endocrinology, Diabetes and Metabolism"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/27","display_name":"Medicine"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/4","display_name":"Health Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/type-1-diabetes","display_name":"type 1 diabetes","score":0.9350000023841858},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/diabetes-prevention","display_name":"diabetes prevention","score":0.824999988079071},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/autoimmune-disease","display_name":"autoimmune disease","score":0.6190000176429749},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/hla-genes","display_name":"HLA genes","score":0.9300000071525574},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/genetic-susceptibility","display_name":"genetic susceptibility","score":0.8960000276565552},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/autoantibodies","display_name":"autoantibodies","score":0.9160000085830688},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/genetic-typing","display_name":"genetic typing","score":0.6140000224113464},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/low-dose-insulin","display_name":"low-dose insulin","score":0.9330000281333923},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/nicotinamide","display_name":"nicotinamide","score":0.9380000233650208},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/clinical-trials","display_name":"clinical trials","score":0.546999990940094}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C71924100","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11190","display_name":"Medicine","level":0,"score":0.7892705202102661},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C555293320","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q12206","display_name":"Diabetes mellitus","level":2,"score":0.717281699180603},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2779134260","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q12136","display_name":"Disease","level":2,"score":0.6507722735404968},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C188280979","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q911125","display_name":"Human leukocyte antigen","level":3,"score":0.59834885597229},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C163764329","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q785022","display_name":"Autoantibody","level":3,"score":0.5615240931510925},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2777180221","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3025883","display_name":"Type 2 diabetes","level":3,"score":0.4695841670036316},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C203014093","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q101929","display_name":"Immunology","level":1,"score":0.4653613865375519},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2910068830","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3025883","display_name":"Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus","level":3,"score":0.460581511259079},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2781232474","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q124407","display_name":"Type 1 diabetes","level":3,"score":0.4457119107246399},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C126322002","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11180","display_name":"Internal medicine","level":1,"score":0.44232407212257385},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C67636389","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q784237","display_name":"Genetic predisposition","level":3,"score":0.43947625160217285},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C535046627","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q30612","display_name":"Clinical trial","level":2,"score":0.41835272312164307},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C134018914","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q162606","display_name":"Endocrinology","level":1,"score":0.2237270176410675},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C159654299","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q79460","display_name":"Antibody","level":2,"score":0.1859489381313324},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C147483822","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q103537","display_name":"Antigen","level":2,"score":0.16814875602722168}],"mesh":[{"descriptor_ui":"D000818","descriptor_name":"Animals","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D003922","descriptor_name":"Diabetes Mellitus, Type 1","qualifier_ui":"Q000235","qualifier_name":"genetics","is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D003922","descriptor_name":"Diabetes Mellitus, Type 1","qualifier_ui":"Q000276","qualifier_name":"immunology","is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D003922","descriptor_name":"Diabetes Mellitus, Type 1","qualifier_ui":"Q000517","qualifier_name":"prevention & control","is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D004198","descriptor_name":"Disease Susceptibility","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D006801","descriptor_name":"Humans","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D007515","descriptor_name":"Islets of Langerhans","qualifier_ui":"Q000276","qualifier_name":"immunology","is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D011236","descriptor_name":"Prediabetic State","qualifier_ui":"Q000235","qualifier_name":"genetics","is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D011236","descriptor_name":"Prediabetic State","qualifier_ui":"Q000276","qualifier_name":"immunology","is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D018450","descriptor_name":"Disease Progression","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false}],"locations_count":4,"locations":[{"id":"pmh:oai:europepmc.org:196544","doi":null,"is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/1303419","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306400806","display_name":"Europe PMC (PubMed Central)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I1303153112","host_organization_name":"European Bioinformatics Institute","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1303153112"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":null,"raw_type":"Text"},{"id":"pmid:8775937","doi":null,"is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/8775937","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306525036","display_name":"PubMed","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I1299303238","host_organization_name":"National Institutes of Health","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1299303238"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"The Western journal of medicine","raw_type":"Clinical Trial"},{"id":"pmh:oai:pubmedcentral.nih.gov:1303419","doi":null,"is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/articles/PMC1303419/","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S2764455111","display_name":"PubMed Central","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I1299303238","host_organization_name":"National Institutes of Health","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1299303238"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"West J Med","raw_type":"Text"},{"id":"mag:2410187597","doi":null,"is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/8775937","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306525036","display_name":"PubMed","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I1299303238","host_organization_name":"National Institutes of Health","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1299303238"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":null,"is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"PubMed","raw_type":null}],"best_oa_location":{"id":"pmh:oai:europepmc.org:196544","doi":null,"is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/1303419","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306400806","display_name":"Europe PMC (PubMed Central)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I1303153112","host_organization_name":"European Bioinformatics Institute","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1303153112"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":null,"raw_type":"Text"},"sustainable_development_goals":[{"id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/3","display_name":"Good health and well-being","score":1.0}],"study_designs":[],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"grobid_xml":false,"pdf":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":90,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W1491849748","https://openalex.org/W1566162695","https://openalex.org/W1590064498","https://openalex.org/W1595382230","https://openalex.org/W1620880263","https://openalex.org/W1963666162","https://openalex.org/W1967675013","https://openalex.org/W1967744736","https://openalex.org/W1968263866","https://openalex.org/W1968274103","https://openalex.org/W1976517945","https://openalex.org/W1982706264","https://openalex.org/W1984019093","https://openalex.org/W1987943455","https://openalex.org/W1994260912","https://openalex.org/W1995201985","https://openalex.org/W1998164711","https://openalex.org/W1999612815","https://openalex.org/W1999952223","https://openalex.org/W2000512567","https://openalex.org/W2001216921","https://openalex.org/W2003782659","https://openalex.org/W2006426218","https://openalex.org/W2006898132","https://openalex.org/W2011658568","https://openalex.org/W2012638307","https://openalex.org/W2016410422","https://openalex.org/W2017787700","https://openalex.org/W2021951643","https://openalex.org/W2024571096","https://openalex.org/W2026889435","https://openalex.org/W2028776387","https://openalex.org/W2029196267","https://openalex.org/W2030735284","https://openalex.org/W2031552226","https://openalex.org/W2032594763","https://openalex.org/W2034249407","https://openalex.org/W2034957838","https://openalex.org/W2035884130","https://openalex.org/W2036329920","https://openalex.org/W2041285367","https://openalex.org/W2041554910","https://openalex.org/W2042086203","https://openalex.org/W2042575819","https://openalex.org/W2046749316","https://openalex.org/W2052022784","https://openalex.org/W2053677545","https://openalex.org/W2057122597","https://openalex.org/W2058526318","https://openalex.org/W2064671266","https://openalex.org/W2067360524","https://openalex.org/W2068306981","https://openalex.org/W2068694430","https://openalex.org/W2069020191","https://openalex.org/W2070721279","https://openalex.org/W2070972996","https://openalex.org/W2072652145","https://openalex.org/W2073235101","https://openalex.org/W2073392026","https://openalex.org/W2074845177","https://openalex.org/W2074891952","https://openalex.org/W2078563315","https://openalex.org/W2079350624","https://openalex.org/W2079816430","https://openalex.org/W2085935632","https://openalex.org/W2087181265","https://openalex.org/W2088069137","https://openalex.org/W2088350742","https://openalex.org/W2094090790","https://openalex.org/W2096105372","https://openalex.org/W2100030166","https://openalex.org/W2102753786","https://openalex.org/W2111196174","https://openalex.org/W2116315322","https://openalex.org/W2117801559","https://openalex.org/W2122147394","https://openalex.org/W2127591233","https://openalex.org/W2129976178","https://openalex.org/W2138364349","https://openalex.org/W2146809820","https://openalex.org/W2148354494","https://openalex.org/W2150631622","https://openalex.org/W2151475828","https://openalex.org/W2152914276","https://openalex.org/W2160738923","https://openalex.org/W2326904657","https://openalex.org/W2333217165","https://openalex.org/W2334639754","https://openalex.org/W2336773383","https://openalex.org/W2341744959"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W3208116181","https://openalex.org/W4234044178","https://openalex.org/W2168324413","https://openalex.org/W1971626268","https://openalex.org/W2081386193","https://openalex.org/W6938952519","https://openalex.org/W2129079058","https://openalex.org/W2017622199","https://openalex.org/W2029196267","https://openalex.org/W2059353488"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"Type":[0],"I":[1],"diabetes":[2,97],"mellitus":[3],"is":[4,12,25,42],"a":[5,53],"chronic":[6],"autoimmune":[7],"disease":[8,24,41,66],"in":[9,46,98],"which":[10],"there":[11],"T":[13],"cell-mediated":[14],"destruction":[15],"of":[16,39,49,55,90,96],"the":[17,23,34,40,47,88,94],"pancreatic":[18],"beta":[19],"cells.":[20],"Susceptibility":[21],"to":[22,78],"determined":[26],"by":[27],"several":[28,71],"genes,":[29],"with":[30],"HLA":[31],"genes":[32],"having":[33],"strongest":[35],"effect.":[36],"The":[37,65],"onset":[38,95],"predictable,":[43],"at":[44],"least":[45],"relatives":[48],"affected":[50],"persons,":[51],"using":[52],"combination":[54],"autoantibody":[56],"measurements,":[57],"intravenous":[58],"glucose":[59],"tolerance":[60],"testing,":[61],"and":[62,70],"genetic":[63],"typing.":[64],"may":[67],"be":[68],"preventable,":[69],"large":[72],"clinical":[73],"trials":[74],"are":[75],"now":[76],"underway":[77],"test":[79],"whether":[80],"interventions":[81],"such":[82],"as":[83],"administering":[84],"low-dose":[85],"insulin":[86],"or":[87],"use":[89],"nicotinamide":[91],"can":[92],"prevent":[93],"at-risk":[99],"relatives.":[100]},"counts_by_year":[],"updated_date":"2026-11-10T11:39:43.021295","created_date":"2016-06-24T00:00:00"}
