{"id":"https://openalex.org/W2408138175","doi":null,"title":"Calpain and cell death.","display_name":"Calpain and cell death.","publication_year":1996,"publication_date":"1996-07-01","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W2408138175","mag":"2408138175","pmid":"https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/17180096"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"pmid:17180096","doi":null,"is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/17180096","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306525036","display_name":"PubMed","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I1299303238","host_organization_name":"National Institutes of Health","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1299303238"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Cell death and differentiation","raw_type":"Journal Article"},"volume":null,"type":"article","is_traditional":true,"indexed_in":["pubmed"],"open_access":{"is_oa":false,"oa_status":"closed","oa_url":null,"any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5046949736","display_name":"Margaret K. T. Squier","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I51713134","display_name":"University of Colorado Anschutz","ror":"https://ror.org/03wmf1y16","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I51713134"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I921990950","display_name":"University of Colorado Denver","ror":"https://ror.org/02hh7en24","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I921990950"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"M K Squier","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Immunology, University of Colorado Medical School"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Immunology, University of Colorado Medical School","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I51713134","https://openalex.org/I921990950"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5047692732","display_name":"John Cohen","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1772-8236","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1772-8236"]},"institutions":[],"countries":[],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"J J Cohen","raw_affiliation_strings":[],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":2,"corresponding_author_ids":[],"corresponding_institution_ids":[],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":1.1668,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":42,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.74459123,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":87,"max":94},"biblio":{"volume":"3","issue":"3","first_page":"275","last_page":"83"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T13637","display_name":"Calpain Protease Function and Regulation","score":0.9961000084877014,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1307","display_name":"Cell Biology"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/13","display_name":"Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/1","display_name":"Life Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T13637","display_name":"Calpain Protease Function and Regulation","score":0.9961000084877014,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1307","display_name":"Cell Biology"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/13","display_name":"Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/1","display_name":"Life Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10294","display_name":"Cell death mechanisms and regulation","score":0.0038999998942017555,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1312","display_name":"Molecular Biology"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/13","display_name":"Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/1","display_name":"Life Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T12030","display_name":"S100 Proteins and Annexins","score":0.0,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1312","display_name":"Molecular Biology"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/13","display_name":"Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/1","display_name":"Life Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/calpain","display_name":"calpain","score":1.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/apoptosis","display_name":"apoptosis","score":0.9509999752044678},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/cell-death","display_name":"cell death","score":0.9399999976158142},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/cysteine-protease","display_name":"cysteine protease","score":0.9169999957084656},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/papain-family","display_name":"papain family","score":0.8389999866485596},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/calcium-dependent-proteolysis","display_name":"calcium-dependent proteolysis","score":0.7829999923706055},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/proteolytic-cleavage","display_name":"proteolytic cleavage","score":0.6759999990463257},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/signaling-pathways","display_name":"signaling pathways","score":0.5979999899864197}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C56928146","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2934402","display_name":"Calpain","level":3,"score":0.9656161665916443},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C182220744","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7251226","display_name":"Proteases","level":3,"score":0.801038920879364},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2781307694","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q33123","display_name":"Proteolysis","level":3,"score":0.7579196691513062},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C31573885","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q304484","display_name":"Programmed cell death","level":3,"score":0.6870007514953613},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C95444343","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7141","display_name":"Cell biology","level":1,"score":0.6599211692810059},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2776714187","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q212410","display_name":"Protease","level":3,"score":0.5650071501731873},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C39743133","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3262595","display_name":"Signalling","level":2,"score":0.5362101793289185},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C190283241","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q14599311","display_name":"Apoptosis","level":2,"score":0.5294045209884644},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2777283782","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q419343","display_name":"Cysteine protease","level":4,"score":0.5191559195518494},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C98424977","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q25805","display_name":"Caspase","level":4,"score":0.4648536443710327},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C175156509","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1990218","display_name":"Cleavage (geology)","level":3,"score":0.45045948028564453},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C62478195","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q828130","display_name":"Signal transduction","level":2,"score":0.44374942779541016},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C185592680","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2329","display_name":"Chemistry","level":0,"score":0.43919527530670166},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C201571599","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5018840","display_name":"Calcium signaling","level":3,"score":0.4253392517566681},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C86803240","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q420","display_name":"Biology","level":0,"score":0.42115724086761475},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C181199279","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q8047","display_name":"Enzyme","level":2,"score":0.3226693868637085},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C55493867","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7094","display_name":"Biochemistry","level":1,"score":0.3058236837387085},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C151730666","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7205","display_name":"Paleontology","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C43369102","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2307625","display_name":"Fracture (geology)","level":2,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":2,"locations":[{"id":"pmid:17180096","doi":null,"is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/17180096","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306525036","display_name":"PubMed","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I1299303238","host_organization_name":"National Institutes of Health","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1299303238"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Cell death and differentiation","raw_type":"Journal Article"},{"id":"mag:2408138175","doi":null,"is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/17180096","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306525036","display_name":"PubMed","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I1299303238","host_organization_name":"National Institutes of Health","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1299303238"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":null,"is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"PubMed","raw_type":null}],"best_oa_location":null,"sustainable_development_goals":[],"study_designs":[],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"pdf":false,"grobid_xml":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":0,"referenced_works":[],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W7096450825","https://openalex.org/W2994362644","https://openalex.org/W2055838895","https://openalex.org/W2146047031","https://openalex.org/W2362975743","https://openalex.org/W2013573744","https://openalex.org/W2357069595","https://openalex.org/W2478718886","https://openalex.org/W7094457809","https://openalex.org/W153306879"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"Neither":[0],"the":[1,4,39,57,66,86,94,103,129,138],"early":[2],"nor":[3],"late":[5],"steps":[6],"in":[7,45,70,115],"apoptosis":[8],"have":[9,17,133],"been":[10,18,108,134],"defined":[11],"biochemically.":[12],"Several":[13],"different":[14],"signalling":[15,26],"pathways":[16,132],"implicated,":[19],"and":[20,73],"these":[21],"are":[22,43],"familiar":[23],"from":[24,102],"other":[25],"paradigms.":[27],"In":[28,81],"what":[29],"way":[30],"could":[31],"they":[32,42],"lead":[33],"to":[34,110,124],"cell":[35],"death,":[36,74],"when":[37],"under":[38],"usual":[40],"conditions":[41],"involved":[44],"reversible":[46],"activation":[47],"events?":[48],"A":[49],"possible":[50],"role":[51,114],"for":[52],"proteolysis":[53],"is":[54,63,77],"suggested,":[55],"because":[56],"cleavage":[58],"of":[59,65,93,97,119],"a":[60,91],"peptide":[61],"bond":[62],"one":[64],"few":[67],"irreversible":[68,79],"processes":[69],"cellular":[71],"metabolism,":[72],"after":[75,128],"all,":[76],"an":[78,112],"outcome.":[80],"this":[82],"review":[83],"we":[84],"discuss":[85],"calcium-dependent":[87],"neutral":[88],"protease":[89],"calpain,":[90],"member":[92],"papain":[95],"family":[96],"cysteine":[98],"proteases":[99],"quite":[100],"distinct":[101],"ICE":[104],"family.":[105],"Calpain":[106],"has":[107],"shown":[109],"play":[111,125],"essential":[113],"several":[116],"important":[117],"examples":[118],"physiologic":[120],"apoptosis.":[121],"It":[122],"seems":[123],"its":[126],"part":[127],"various":[130],"'private'":[131],"invoked,":[135],"but":[136],"before":[137],"final":[139],"common":[140],"pathway.":[141]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2021,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2018,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2017,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2014,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2012,"cited_by_count":1}],"updated_date":"2026-09-25T08:18:29.962427","created_date":"2016-06-24T00:00:00"}