{"id":"https://openalex.org/W2403753003","doi":null,"title":"\"To copy is to steal\": TRIPS, (un)free trade agreements and the new intellectual property fundamentalism.","display_name":"\"To copy is to steal\": TRIPS, (un)free trade agreements and the new intellectual property fundamentalism.","publication_year":2006,"publication_date":"2006-01-01","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W2403753003","mag":"2403753003"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"mag:2403753003","doi":null,"is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://www2.warwick.ac.uk/fac/soc/law/elj/jilt/2006_1/dutfield/dutfield.pdf","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4458074","display_name":"Journal of information, law and technology","issn_l":"1361-4169","issn":["1361-4169"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"listed_in":["cwts-core"],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310311834","host_organization_name":"University of Warwick","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310311834"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["University of Warwick"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":null,"is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"Journal of information, law and technology","raw_type":null},"volume":null,"type":"article","indexed_in":[],"open_access":{"is_oa":false,"oa_status":"closed","oa_url":null,"any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5067890686","display_name":"Graham Dutfield","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4725-6826","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4725-6826"]},"institutions":[],"countries":[],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Graham Dutfield","raw_affiliation_strings":[],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4725-6826","affiliations":[]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":0,"institutions_distinct_count":0,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5067890686"],"corresponding_institution_ids":[],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":4.7266,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":12,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.95798973,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":true},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":89,"max":99},"biblio":{"volume":"2006","issue":null,"first_page":null,"last_page":null},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T13842","display_name":"Intellectual Property Law","score":0.9595000147819519,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3308","display_name":"Law"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/33","display_name":"Social Sciences"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T13842","display_name":"Intellectual Property Law","score":0.9595000147819519,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3308","display_name":"Law"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/33","display_name":"Social Sciences"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T12156","display_name":"World Trade Organization Law","score":0.035599999129772186,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3320","display_name":"Political Science and International Relations"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/33","display_name":"Social Sciences"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10856","display_name":"Intellectual Property and Patents","score":0.002400000113993883,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1405","display_name":"Management of Technology and Innovation"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/14","display_name":"Business, Management and Accounting"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/trips-agreement","display_name":"TRIPS Agreement","score":0.9919999837875366},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/free-trade-agreements","display_name":"free trade agreements","score":0.8500000238418579},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/trips-plus","display_name":"TRIPS-plus","score":0.8619999885559082},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/developing-countries","display_name":"developing countries","score":0.734000027179718},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/intellectual-property-protection","display_name":"intellectual property protection","score":0.6240000128746033},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/copyright-term-extension","display_name":"copyright term extension","score":0.8019999861717224},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/fair-use","display_name":"fair use","score":0.7440000176429749},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/patent-law","display_name":"patent law","score":0.47099998593330383},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/trade-dispute-settlement","display_name":"trade dispute settlement","score":0.48899999260902405},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/innovation-and-imitation","display_name":"imitation and innovation","score":0.5519999861717224},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/world-trade-organization","display_name":"World Trade Organization","score":0.6309999823570251}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C34974158","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q131257","display_name":"Intellectual property","level":2,"score":0.7674829363822937},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C157085824","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2384809","display_name":"TRIPS architecture","level":2,"score":0.7114135026931763},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C155202549","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q178803","display_name":"International trade","level":1,"score":0.6825342178344727},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C22241219","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q179073","display_name":"Protectionism","level":2,"score":0.6567610502243042},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C35532855","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q200435","display_name":"Free trade","level":2,"score":0.5826654434204102},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2780454388","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q331647","display_name":"TRIPS Agreement","level":3,"score":0.4851115942001343},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2910001868","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q458","display_name":"European union","level":2,"score":0.4641512632369995},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C144133560","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q4830453","display_name":"Business","level":0,"score":0.4448551535606384},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C18547055","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q47417","display_name":"International economics","level":1,"score":0.35085329413414},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C190253527","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q295354","display_name":"Law and economics","level":1,"score":0.3225935101509094},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C162324750","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q8134","display_name":"Economics","level":0,"score":0.3143036961555481},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C17744445","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q36442","display_name":"Political science","level":0,"score":0.2568957209587097},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C199539241","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7748","display_name":"Law","level":1,"score":0.23245373368263245},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C173608175","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q232661","display_name":"Parallel computing","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":1,"locations":[{"id":"mag:2403753003","doi":null,"is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://www2.warwick.ac.uk/fac/soc/law/elj/jilt/2006_1/dutfield/dutfield.pdf","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4458074","display_name":"Journal of information, law and technology","issn_l":"1361-4169","issn":["1361-4169"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"listed_in":["cwts-core"],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310311834","host_organization_name":"University of Warwick","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310311834"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["University of Warwick"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":null,"is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"Journal of information, law and technology","raw_type":null}],"best_oa_location":null,"sustainable_development_goals":[{"display_name":"Peace, justice, and strong institutions","id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/16","score":0.5473999977111816}],"study_designs":[],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"grobid_xml":false,"pdf":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":0,"referenced_works":[],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W3125529397","https://openalex.org/W2991199447","https://openalex.org/W7038873977","https://openalex.org/W164716568","https://openalex.org/W2328165528","https://openalex.org/W2957516464","https://openalex.org/W2001468659","https://openalex.org/W1506401114","https://openalex.org/W2182756891","https://openalex.org/W6986603097"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"In":[0,79,268],"theory,":[1],"the":[2,5,50,55,91,101,131,150,161,176,186,190,201,226,249,263,273,281,319,330,333,337,381,384,390,399,407,421],"vagueness":[3],"of":[4,21,72,84,100,109,133,178,209,231,251,339,347,383,389],"World":[6],"Trade":[7],"Organization-administered":[8],"TRIPS":[9,76,179,221,252],"Agreement":[10],"should":[11],"provide":[12],"developing":[13,26,64,307,360],"countries":[14,65,215,308,361,432],"with":[15,185,207],"ample":[16],"opportunities":[17,32],"for":[18,312],"creative":[19],"interpretations":[20],"its":[22,269],"provisions.":[23],"Despite":[24],"this,":[25],"country":[27],"freedom":[28],"to":[29,62,66,96,126,129,144,160,219,244,261,290,303,342,365,387,414],"exploit":[30],"these":[31,82],"is":[33,39,44,107,316,323,380,412],"diminishing":[34],"rapidly.":[35],"Dispute":[36],"settlement":[37],"jurisprudence":[38],"one":[40],"cause,":[41],"but":[42,198,403],"this":[43,295,299],"far":[45],"less":[46],"significant":[47],"than":[48,75,89,310,373],"that":[49,108,124,216,258,318,344,369,411,419,429],"United":[51],"States,":[52],"especially,":[53],"and":[54,69,118,140,167,189,203,211,229,234,238,240,286,326,349,352,401,418,439,446],"European":[56,191,204],"Union,":[57],"have":[58,171,242,362],"developed":[59,134,376],"successful":[60],"strategies":[61,104],"hold":[63],"more":[67,424],"rigid":[68],"higher":[70,88],"standards":[71,83,368],"IP":[73,122,151,223,321,367],"protection":[74,85],"compliance":[77],"requires.":[78],"some":[80,359,375],"respects":[81],"are":[86,155,183,225,255,284,370],"even":[87,287,371],"those":[90,208],"US":[92,187,202,331,400],"has":[93],"been":[94,172,363],"willing":[95],"accept":[97],"domestically.":[98],"One":[99,378],"most":[102,270],"effective":[103],"being":[105,311],"employed":[106],"so-called":[110],"free":[111],"trade":[112,235],"agreements":[113],"(FTAs)":[114],"containing":[115],"highly":[116],"constraining":[117],"protectionist":[119],"\u201cTRIPS":[120],"plus\u201d":[121],"provisions":[123,152],"seem":[125,143],"be":[127,145,304],"aimed":[128],"serve":[130],"interests":[132],"world":[135],"corporations.":[136],"The":[137],"FTA":[138],"negotiations":[139],"FTAs":[141],"themselves":[142],"neither":[146],"wholly":[147],"free,":[148],"since":[149],"in":[153,374,395,398,434],"them":[154],"inherently":[156],"protectionist,":[157],"nor":[158,332],"fair":[159,408],"weaker":[162],"negotiating":[163],"parties.":[164],"Unsurprisingly,":[165],"business":[166],"pro-business":[168],"interest":[169],"groups":[170],"very":[173],"much":[174,243],"behind":[175],"promotion":[177],"plus":[180,222,253,392],"measures.":[181],"They":[182],"popular":[184],"government":[188],"Commission":[192],"not":[193],"only":[194],"because":[195,200],"they":[196],"work,":[197],"also":[199,218,406],"economies,":[205],"along":[206],"Japan":[210,445],"certain":[212,355],"East":[213],"Asian":[214],"tend":[217],"favour":[220],"protection,":[224],"major":[227],"producers":[228],"exporters":[230],"patent,":[232],"copyright":[233,385,416],"mark-protected":[236],"goods":[237,351],"services":[239],"therefore":[241],"gain":[245],"from":[246,444],"them.":[247],"Increasingly,":[248],"promoters":[250],"rules":[254],"deploying":[256],"rhetoric":[257,274],"I":[259],"refer":[260],"as":[262,277,279,294,397],"new":[264,320],"intellectual":[265],"property":[266],"fundamentalism.":[267],"extreme":[271],"form,":[272],"labels":[275],"copying":[276,346],"piracy":[278,289],"if":[280],"two":[282],"words":[283],"synonyms,":[285],"links":[288],"terrorism.":[291],"Oddly":[292],"enough,":[293],"article":[296],"points":[297],"out,":[298],"fundamentalism":[300,322],"seems":[301],"largely":[302],"targeted":[305],"at":[306],"rather":[309],"domestic":[313],"consumption.":[314],"It":[315],"contended":[317],"both":[324],"dishonest":[325],"potentially":[327],"dangerous.":[328],"Neither":[329],"EU":[334],"would":[335],"countenance":[336],"elimination":[338],"well-established":[340],"limitations":[341],"rights":[343],"allow":[345],"patent":[348],"copyrightprotected":[350],"works":[353],"under":[354],"conditions.":[356],"And":[357],"yet,":[358],"pressured":[364],"adopt":[366],"stronger":[372],"countries.":[377],"example":[379],"extension":[382],"term":[386],"life":[388],"author":[391],"seventy":[393],"years":[394],"FTAs,":[396],"Europe,":[402],"without":[404],"adopting":[405],"use":[409],"doctrine":[410],"integral":[413],"American":[415],"law":[417],"makes":[420],"whole":[422],"system":[423],"balanced.":[425],"History":[426],"teaches":[427],"us":[428],"today\u2019s":[430],"rich":[431],"prospered":[433],"part":[435],"by":[436],"imitating":[437],"first":[438],"innovating":[440],"later.":[441],"Korea":[442],"copied":[443]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2019,"cited_by_count":8},{"year":2012,"cited_by_count":1}],"updated_date":"2025-10-10T17:16:08.811792","created_date":"2016-06-24T00:00:00"}