{"id":"https://openalex.org/W2403571602","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1089/clm.1996.14.323","title":"Vascular Effects of Photodynamic Therapy","display_name":"Vascular Effects of Photodynamic Therapy","publication_year":1996,"publication_date":"1996-10-01","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W2403571602","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1089/clm.1996.14.323","mag":"2403571602","pmid":"https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/9612199"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1089/clm.1996.14.323","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1089/clm.1996.14.323","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1089/clm.1996.14.323","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S175334251","display_name":"Journal of Clinical Laser Medicine & Surgery","issn_l":"1044-5471","issn":["1044-5471","1557-8089"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"listed_in":["cwts-core"],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310320443","host_organization_name":"Mary Ann Liebert, Inc.","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310320443","https://openalex.org/P4310320017"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Mary Ann Liebert, Inc.","SAGE Publishing"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Journal of Clinical Laser Medicine & Surgery","raw_type":"journal-article"},"volume":null,"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref","pubmed"],"open_access":{"is_oa":false,"oa_status":"closed","oa_url":null,"any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5035398414","display_name":"Victor H. Fingar","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I142740786","display_name":"University of Louisville","ror":"https://ror.org/01ckdn478","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I142740786"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Victor H. Fingar","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Surgery, James Graham Brown Cancer Center, University of Louisville, Kentucky 40292, USA"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Surgery, James Graham Brown Cancer Center, University of Louisville, Kentucky 40292, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I142740786"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":1,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5035398414"],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I142740786"],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":3.1396,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":303,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.91751049,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":true},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":96,"max":100},"biblio":{"volume":"14","issue":"5","first_page":"323","last_page":"328"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10957","display_name":"Photodynamic Therapy Research Studies","score":0.9994999766349792,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2740","display_name":"Pulmonary and Respiratory Medicine"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/27","display_name":"Medicine"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/4","display_name":"Health Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10957","display_name":"Photodynamic Therapy Research Studies","score":0.9994999766349792,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2740","display_name":"Pulmonary and Respiratory Medicine"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/27","display_name":"Medicine"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/4","display_name":"Health Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10422","display_name":"Angiogenesis and VEGF in Cancer","score":0.00019999999494757503,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1312","display_name":"Molecular Biology"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/13","display_name":"Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/1","display_name":"Life Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10782","display_name":"Nanoplatforms for cancer theranostics","score":9.999999747378752e-05,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2204","display_name":"Biomedical Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/photodynamic-therapy","display_name":"photodynamic therapy","score":1.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/vascular-effects","display_name":"vascular effects","score":0.7229999899864197},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/blood-flow-stasis","display_name":"blood flow stasis","score":0.8450000286102295},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/microvascular-stasis","display_name":"microvascular stasis","score":0.7179999947547913},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/tumor-hypoxia","display_name":"tumor hypoxia","score":0.9470000267028809},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/photosensitizers","display_name":"photosensitizers","score":0.9670000076293945},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/endothelial-injury","display_name":"endothelial injury","score":0.9419999718666077},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/platelet-aggregation","display_name":"platelet aggregation","score":0.9990000128746033},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/leukocyte-adhesion","display_name":"leukocyte adhesion","score":0.9670000076293945},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/vascular-permeability","display_name":"vascular permeability","score":0.996999979019165},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/vasoconstriction","display_name":"vasoconstriction","score":0.8429999947547913},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/solid-tumors","display_name":"solid tumors","score":0.7080000042915344}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C12722491","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1632335","display_name":"Microcirculation","level":2,"score":0.7270263433456421},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2781323092","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1428072","display_name":"Photodynamic therapy","level":2,"score":0.6537793278694153},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C113045295","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7916465","display_name":"Vascular permeability","level":2,"score":0.5786723494529724},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2776379591","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q4118946","display_name":"Blood stasis","level":4,"score":0.5775179266929626},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C7836513","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1641506","display_name":"Hypoxia (environmental)","level":3,"score":0.5552734136581421},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2777663904","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q988343","display_name":"Blood vessel","level":2,"score":0.5384104251861572},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C158846371","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1642137","display_name":"Blood flow","level":2,"score":0.5106843113899231},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C142724271","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7208","display_name":"Pathology","level":1,"score":0.43464362621307373},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C71924100","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11190","display_name":"Medicine","level":0,"score":0.4038430452346802},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C185592680","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2329","display_name":"Chemistry","level":0,"score":0.3787907361984253},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C164705383","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q10379","display_name":"Cardiology","level":1,"score":0.22020354866981506},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C126322002","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11180","display_name":"Internal medicine","level":1,"score":0.2054784595966339},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C204787440","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q188504","display_name":"Alternative medicine","level":2,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C188947578","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q200253","display_name":"Traditional Chinese medicine","level":3,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C540031477","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q629","display_name":"Oxygen","level":2,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C178790620","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11351","display_name":"Organic chemistry","level":1,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[{"descriptor_ui":"D000818","descriptor_name":"Animals","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D000970","descriptor_name":"Antineoplastic Agents","qualifier_ui":"Q000494","qualifier_name":"pharmacology","is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D004730","descriptor_name":"Endothelium, Vascular","qualifier_ui":"Q000187","qualifier_name":"drug effects","is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D008833","descriptor_name":"Microcirculation","qualifier_ui":"Q000187","qualifier_name":"drug effects","is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D009369","descriptor_name":"Neoplasms","qualifier_ui":"Q000098","qualifier_name":"blood supply","is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D010778","descriptor_name":"Photochemotherapy","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D010974","descriptor_name":"Platelet Aggregation","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D017319","descriptor_name":"Photosensitizing Agents","qualifier_ui":"Q000494","qualifier_name":"pharmacology","is_major_topic":true}],"locations_count":2,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1089/clm.1996.14.323","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1089/clm.1996.14.323","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1089/clm.1996.14.323","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S175334251","display_name":"Journal of Clinical Laser Medicine & Surgery","issn_l":"1044-5471","issn":["1044-5471","1557-8089"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"listed_in":["cwts-core"],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310320443","host_organization_name":"Mary Ann Liebert, Inc.","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310320443","https://openalex.org/P4310320017"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Mary Ann Liebert, Inc.","SAGE Publishing"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Journal of Clinical Laser Medicine & Surgery","raw_type":"journal-article"},{"id":"pmid:9612199","doi":null,"is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/9612199","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306525036","display_name":"PubMed","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I1299303238","host_organization_name":"National Institutes of Health","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1299303238"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Journal of clinical laser medicine & surgery","raw_type":"Journal Article"}],"best_oa_location":null,"sustainable_development_goals":[{"display_name":"Good health and well-being","id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/3","score":0.9537000060081482}],"study_designs":[],"awards":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/G2427629494","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"CA 51771","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320337351","funder_display_name":"National Cancer Institute"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G8390180734","display_name":"MECHANISTIC STUDIES OF PDT-INDUCED VASCULAR DAMAGE","funder_award_id":"5r01ca051771-10","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320332161","funder_display_name":"National Institutes of Health"}],"funders":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320332161","display_name":"National Institutes of Health","ror":"https://ror.org/01cwqze88"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320337351","display_name":"National Cancer Institute","ror":"https://ror.org/040gcmg81"}],"has_content":{"pdf":false,"grobid_xml":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":39,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W1541709451","https://openalex.org/W1965831040","https://openalex.org/W1977551028","https://openalex.org/W1983956363","https://openalex.org/W1987653080","https://openalex.org/W1989029706","https://openalex.org/W1992485820","https://openalex.org/W1994352549","https://openalex.org/W1994914151","https://openalex.org/W1997434739","https://openalex.org/W2007263846","https://openalex.org/W2017695936","https://openalex.org/W2036493616","https://openalex.org/W2040680771","https://openalex.org/W2042166202","https://openalex.org/W2042320259","https://openalex.org/W2043714263","https://openalex.org/W2050865517","https://openalex.org/W2055397816","https://openalex.org/W2067037885","https://openalex.org/W2076150183","https://openalex.org/W2077113507","https://openalex.org/W2077495034","https://openalex.org/W2082265629","https://openalex.org/W2084727733","https://openalex.org/W2088347315","https://openalex.org/W2091210609","https://openalex.org/W2092000809","https://openalex.org/W2095209996","https://openalex.org/W2110929318","https://openalex.org/W2114900908","https://openalex.org/W2128605136","https://openalex.org/W2146614171","https://openalex.org/W2158513847","https://openalex.org/W2167264771","https://openalex.org/W2168048390","https://openalex.org/W2169942090","https://openalex.org/W2315404575","https://openalex.org/W2324467279"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W199803670","https://openalex.org/W2034842373","https://openalex.org/W2083509145","https://openalex.org/W2095209996","https://openalex.org/W2017075189","https://openalex.org/W2003968416","https://openalex.org/W1631212473","https://openalex.org/W625415087","https://openalex.org/W2048496776","https://openalex.org/W1527397808"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"Vascular":[0],"damage":[1,46,75,87,127],"and":[2,20,29,53,74,99,121],"blood":[3,35,131],"flow":[4,36,132],"stasis":[5,19,37,70],"are":[6,23],"consequences":[7],"of":[8,12,34,45,82,92,105,112],"photodynamic":[9,39],"therapy":[10,40],"(PDT)":[11],"solid":[13],"tumors":[14],"using":[15],"many":[16],"photosensitizers.":[17],"Microvascular":[18],"resulting":[21,55],"hypoxia":[22],"effective":[24],"means":[25],"to":[26,47,58,68,76,89,129],"produce":[27,130],"cytotoxicity":[28],"tumor":[30],"regression.":[31],"The":[32],"observation":[33],"after":[38],"results":[41],"from":[42,126],"a":[43,102],"combination":[44],"sensitive":[48],"sites":[49,94],"within":[50,95],"the":[51,54,65,90,96,110],"microvasculature":[52],"physiological":[56,103],"responses":[57,106],"this":[59,100],"damage.":[60],"A":[61],"generalized":[62],"hypothesis":[63],"for":[64],"mechanisms":[66],"leading":[67],"vessel":[69,97,122],"begins":[71],"with":[72],"perturbation":[73],"endothelial":[77],"cells":[78],"during":[79],"light":[80],"treatment":[81],"photosensitized":[83],"tissues.":[84],"Endothelial":[85],"cell":[86],"leads":[88],"establishment":[91],"thrombogenic":[93],"lumen":[98],"initiates":[101],"cascade":[104],"including":[107],"platelet":[108],"aggregation,":[109],"release":[111],"vasoactive":[113],"molecules,":[114],"leukocyte":[115],"adhesion,":[116],"increases":[117],"in":[118],"vascular":[119],"permeability,":[120],"constriction.":[123],"These":[124],"effects":[125],"combine":[128],"stasis.":[133]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2026,"cited_by_count":7},{"year":2025,"cited_by_count":5},{"year":2024,"cited_by_count":7},{"year":2023,"cited_by_count":14},{"year":2022,"cited_by_count":8},{"year":2021,"cited_by_count":9},{"year":2020,"cited_by_count":10},{"year":2019,"cited_by_count":15},{"year":2018,"cited_by_count":3},{"year":2017,"cited_by_count":9},{"year":2016,"cited_by_count":7},{"year":2015,"cited_by_count":13},{"year":2014,"cited_by_count":10},{"year":2013,"cited_by_count":6},{"year":2012,"cited_by_count":18}],"updated_date":"2026-11-04T10:54:05.112534","created_date":"2016-06-24T00:00:00"}