{"id":"https://openalex.org/W2402869749","doi":null,"title":"Mechanisms of ras mutation in myelodysplastic syndrome.","display_name":"Mechanisms of ras mutation in myelodysplastic syndrome.","publication_year":1989,"publication_date":"1989-05-01","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W2402869749","mag":"2402869749","pmid":"https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/2657575"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"pmid:2657575","doi":null,"is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/2657575","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306525036","display_name":"PubMed","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I1299303238","host_organization_name":"National Institutes of Health","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1299303238"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Oncogene","raw_type":"Journal Article"},"volume":null,"type":"article","is_traditional":true,"indexed_in":["pubmed"],"open_access":{"is_oa":false,"oa_status":"closed","oa_url":null,"any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5024401653","display_name":"Juan Jos\u00e9 Yunis","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7688-9094","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7688-9094"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I130238516","display_name":"University of Minnesota","ror":"https://ror.org/017zqws13","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I130238516"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"J J Yunis","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Laboratory Medicine and Pathology, University of Minnesota Medical School, Minneapolis","Department of Laboratory Medicine & Pathology, University of Minnesota Medical School, Minneapolis"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Laboratory Medicine and Pathology, University of Minnesota Medical School, Minneapolis","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I130238516"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Laboratory Medicine & Pathology, University of Minnesota Medical School, Minneapolis","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I130238516"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5050704352","display_name":"A J Boot","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[],"countries":[],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"A J Boot","raw_affiliation_strings":[],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5085320054","display_name":"Marie-Christina Mayer","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[],"countries":[],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"M G Mayer","raw_affiliation_strings":[],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5012633181","display_name":"Johannes L. Bos","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5656-2091","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5656-2091"]},"institutions":[],"countries":[],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"J L Bos","raw_affiliation_strings":[],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":1,"corresponding_author_ids":[],"corresponding_institution_ids":[],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":7.3126,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":97,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.97656316,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":true},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":88,"max":93},"biblio":{"volume":"4","issue":"5","first_page":"609","last_page":"14"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10309","display_name":"Acute Myeloid Leukemia Research","score":0.9990000128746033,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2720","display_name":"Hematology"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/27","display_name":"Medicine"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/4","display_name":"Health Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10309","display_name":"Acute Myeloid Leukemia Research","score":0.9990000128746033,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2720","display_name":"Hematology"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/27","display_name":"Medicine"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/4","display_name":"Health Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11559","display_name":"Retinoids in leukemia and cellular processes","score":0.00039999998989515007,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1312","display_name":"Molecular Biology"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/13","display_name":"Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/1","display_name":"Life Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T12104","display_name":"Protein Tyrosine Phosphatases","score":9.999999747378752e-05,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1312","display_name":"Molecular Biology"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/13","display_name":"Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/1","display_name":"Life Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/ras-mutations","display_name":"RAS mutations","score":0.7860000133514404},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/myelodysplastic-syndrome","display_name":"myelodysplastic syndrome","score":0.9589999914169312},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/n-ras-oncogene","display_name":"N-ras oncogene","score":0.9879999756813049},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/mutation-mechanism","display_name":"mutation mechanism","score":0.5019999742507935},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/clonal-evolution","display_name":"clonal evolution","score":0.5440000295639038},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/monocyte-differentiation","display_name":"monocyte differentiation","score":0.6389999985694885},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/survival","display_name":"survival","score":0.531000018119812},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/oligonucleotide-hybridization","display_name":"oligonucleotide hybridization","score":0.6740000247955322}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C501734568","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q42918","display_name":"Mutation","level":3,"score":0.7685871720314026},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C86803240","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q420","display_name":"Biology","level":0,"score":0.7478602528572083},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C81089528","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5134986","display_name":"clone (Java method)","level":3,"score":0.6181453466415405},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2780007613","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q546523","display_name":"Bone marrow","level":2,"score":0.51578688621521},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C502942594","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3421914","display_name":"Cancer research","level":1,"score":0.5048208832740784},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2780817109","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q954625","display_name":"Myelodysplastic syndromes","level":3,"score":0.4643889367580414},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2779282312","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1956561","display_name":"Myeloid","level":2,"score":0.45404353737831116},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2778461978","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q29496","display_name":"Leukemia","level":2,"score":0.43903273344039917},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2777928532","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1088072","display_name":"Chronic myelomonocytic leukemia","level":4,"score":0.43447020649909973},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2778729363","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11688946","display_name":"Myeloid leukemia","level":2,"score":0.43177932500839233},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2779134260","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q12136","display_name":"Disease","level":2,"score":0.4201585650444031},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C203014093","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q101929","display_name":"Immunology","level":1,"score":0.39978349208831787},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C126322002","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11180","display_name":"Internal medicine","level":1,"score":0.34344130754470825},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C54355233","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7162","display_name":"Genetics","level":1,"score":0.21979263424873352},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C71924100","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11190","display_name":"Medicine","level":0,"score":0.1708601713180542},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C104317684","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7187","display_name":"Gene","level":2,"score":0.12279126048088074}],"mesh":[{"descriptor_ui":"D000368","descriptor_name":"Aged","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D000369","descriptor_name":"Aged, 80 and over","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D001853","descriptor_name":"Bone Marrow","qualifier_ui":"Q000032","qualifier_name":"analysis","is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D004247","descriptor_name":"DNA","qualifier_ui":"Q000032","qualifier_name":"analysis","is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D005260","descriptor_name":"Female","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D006801","descriptor_name":"Humans","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D008297","descriptor_name":"Male","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D008875","descriptor_name":"Middle Aged","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D009154","descriptor_name":"Mutation","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D009190","descriptor_name":"Myelodysplastic Syndromes","qualifier_ui":"Q000235","qualifier_name":"genetics","is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D011905","descriptor_name":"Genes, ras","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D015470","descriptor_name":"Leukemia, Myeloid, Acute","qualifier_ui":"Q000235","qualifier_name":"genetics","is_major_topic":false}],"locations_count":2,"locations":[{"id":"pmid:2657575","doi":null,"is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/2657575","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306525036","display_name":"PubMed","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I1299303238","host_organization_name":"National Institutes of Health","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1299303238"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Oncogene","raw_type":"Journal Article"},{"id":"mag:2402869749","doi":null,"is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/2657575","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306525036","display_name":"PubMed","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I1299303238","host_organization_name":"National Institutes of Health","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1299303238"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":null,"is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"PubMed","raw_type":null}],"best_oa_location":null,"sustainable_development_goals":[{"score":0.9763000011444092,"id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/3","display_name":"Good health and well-being"}],"study_designs":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/study-designs/observational-study","display_name":"Observational Study"}],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"pdf":false,"grobid_xml":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":0,"referenced_works":[],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W1585617332","https://openalex.org/W1998392339","https://openalex.org/W1678464039","https://openalex.org/W210712673","https://openalex.org/W1608844782","https://openalex.org/W2411699894","https://openalex.org/W2352385693","https://openalex.org/W83225953","https://openalex.org/W1975442720","https://openalex.org/W2531956443"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"Using":[0],"synthetic":[1],"oligonucleotide":[2],"hybridization,":[3],"we":[4],"have":[5,200],"found":[6,36,198],"a":[7,69,88,122,150,154,168,173,194,218],"ras":[8,55,63,97,134,151,169,195,219],"mutation":[9,56,64,98,112,135,152,170,196,220],"in":[10,37,67,76,87,101,115,126,138,215],"11":[11,47,190],"of":[12,27,30,46,54,71,79,105,128,142,157,176,188],"27":[13],"patients":[14,38,48,61,161,166,180,191],"(41%)":[15],"with":[16,39,149,193,224],"primary":[17],"or":[18,108,145,207],"non-therapy":[19],"related":[20],"myelodysplastic":[21],"syndrome":[22],"(MDS).":[23],"This":[24],"high":[25],"incidence":[26],"mutation,":[28],"mainly":[29],"the":[31,62,72,80,96,102,133,189],"N-ras":[32],"oncogene,":[33],"was":[34,65,99,113],"generally":[35],"disease":[40,209],"progression":[41],"to":[42,164,199],"acute":[43],"leukemia":[44],"(8":[45],"=":[49],"73%).":[50],"Two":[51],"general":[52],"mechanisms":[53],"were":[57,197],"found.":[58],"In":[59,92],"five":[60],"present":[66,100],"only":[68],"fraction":[70],"cells;":[73],"sometimes":[74],"appearing":[75],"late":[77],"stages":[78],"disease,":[81],"suggesting":[82],"that":[83,132,171,214],"it":[84,211],"can":[85,136],"occur":[86,137],"differentiated":[89],"cell":[90,143,226],"clone.":[91],"six":[93],"other":[94],"patients,":[95,130],"great":[103],"majority":[104],"bone":[106],"marrow":[107],"blood":[109],"cells.":[110],"The":[111],"detected":[114],"mature":[116],"normal":[117],"lymphocytes":[118],"and":[119],"persisted":[120],"following":[121],"complete":[123],"clinical":[124],"remission":[125],"two":[127],"these":[129],"implying":[131],"an":[139,201],"early":[140],"stage":[141],"differentiation":[144],"stem":[146],"cell.":[147],"Patients":[148],"had":[153,172],"median":[155,174],"survival":[156],"nine":[158],"months":[159,178],"(all":[160],"dead)":[162],"compared":[163],"16":[165,177],"without":[167],"follow-up":[175],"(10":[179],"alive;":[181],"P":[182],"less":[183],"than":[184],"0.005).":[185],"Since":[186],"9":[187],"(82%)":[192],"abnormal":[202],"monocytic":[203],"component":[204],"at":[205],"diagnosis":[206],"during":[208],"evolution,":[210],"is":[212,221],"possible":[213],"myeloid":[216],"disorders":[217],"preferentially":[222],"associated":[223],"myelomonocytic":[225],"differentiation.":[227]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2023,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2022,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2020,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2017,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2014,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2013,"cited_by_count":1}],"updated_date":"2026-11-04T10:54:05.112534","created_date":"2016-06-24T00:00:00"}