{"id":"https://openalex.org/W2398944718","doi":null,"title":"The effect of L-carnitine treatment on levels of malondialdehyde and glutathione in patients with age related macular degeneration.","display_name":"The effect of L-carnitine treatment on levels of malondialdehyde and glutathione in patients with age related macular degeneration.","publication_year":2008,"publication_date":"2008-04-01","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W2398944718","mag":"2398944718","pmid":"https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/25610013","pmcid":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/4261317"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"pmid:25610013","doi":null,"is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/25610013","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306525036","display_name":"PubMed","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I1299303238","host_organization_name":"National Institutes of Health","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1299303238"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"The Eurasian journal of medicine","raw_type":"Journal Article"},"volume":null,"type":"article","is_traditional":true,"indexed_in":["pubmed"],"open_access":{"is_oa":true,"oa_status":"green","oa_url":"https://pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/articles/PMC4261317/","any_repository_has_fulltext":true},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5087892765","display_name":"Orhan Ate\u015f","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5320-8225","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5320-8225"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I64134780","display_name":"Atat\u00fcrk University","ror":"https://ror.org/03je5c526","country_code":"TR","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I64134780"]}],"countries":["TR"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Orhan Ates","raw_affiliation_strings":["Atat\u00fcrk University, Faculty of Medicine, Department of Ophtalmology, Erzurum, Turkey"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Atat\u00fcrk University, Faculty of Medicine, Department of Ophtalmology, Erzurum, Turkey","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I64134780"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5046431144","display_name":"Hamit Hakan","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9202-4944","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9202-4944"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I64134780","display_name":"Atat\u00fcrk University","ror":"https://ror.org/03je5c526","country_code":"TR","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I64134780"]}],"countries":["TR"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"H Hakan Alp","raw_affiliation_strings":["Atat\u00fcrk University, Faculty of Medicine, Department of Biochemistry, Erzurum, Turkey","Ataturk University, Faculty of Medicine, Department of Biochemistry, Erzurum/Turkey"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Atat\u00fcrk University, Faculty of Medicine, Department of Biochemistry, Erzurum, Turkey","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I64134780"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Ataturk University, Faculty of Medicine, Department of Biochemistry, Erzurum/Turkey","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I64134780"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5007690719","display_name":"U\u011fur Mumcu","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I64134780","display_name":"Atat\u00fcrk University","ror":"https://ror.org/03je5c526","country_code":"TR","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I64134780"]}],"countries":["TR"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Ugur Mumcu","raw_affiliation_strings":["Atat\u00fcrk University, Faculty of Medicine, Department of Ophtalmology, Erzurum, Turkey"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Atat\u00fcrk University, Faculty of Medicine, Department of Ophtalmology, Erzurum, Turkey","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I64134780"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5000579734","display_name":"Sedat Azizi","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I64134780","display_name":"Atat\u00fcrk University","ror":"https://ror.org/03je5c526","country_code":"TR","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I64134780"]}],"countries":["TR"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Sedat Azizi","raw_affiliation_strings":["Atat\u00fcrk University, Faculty of Medicine, Department of Ophtalmology, Erzurum, Turkey"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Atat\u00fcrk University, Faculty of Medicine, Department of Ophtalmology, Erzurum, Turkey","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I64134780"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5037738199","display_name":"Emine \u00c7inici","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2882-6755","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2882-6755"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I64134780","display_name":"Atat\u00fcrk University","ror":"https://ror.org/03je5c526","country_code":"TR","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I64134780"]}],"countries":["TR"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Emine Cinici","raw_affiliation_strings":["Atat\u00fcrk University, Faculty of Medicine, Department of Ophtalmology, Erzurum, Turkey"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Atat\u00fcrk University, Faculty of Medicine, Department of Ophtalmology, Erzurum, Turkey","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I64134780"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5082258794","display_name":"Ahmet K\u0131z\u0131ltun\u00e7","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7536-8921","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7536-8921"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I64134780","display_name":"Atat\u00fcrk University","ror":"https://ror.org/03je5c526","country_code":"TR","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I64134780"]}],"countries":["TR"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Ahmet Kiziltunc","raw_affiliation_strings":["Atat\u00fcrk University, Faculty of Medicine, Department of Biochemistry, Erzurum, Turkey","Ataturk University, Faculty of Medicine, Department of Biochemistry, Erzurum/Turkey"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Atat\u00fcrk University, Faculty of Medicine, Department of Biochemistry, Erzurum, Turkey","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I64134780"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Ataturk University, Faculty of Medicine, Department of Biochemistry, Erzurum/Turkey","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I64134780"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5001873354","display_name":"Orhan Baykal","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8321-1767","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8321-1767"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I64134780","display_name":"Atat\u00fcrk University","ror":"https://ror.org/03je5c526","country_code":"TR","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I64134780"]}],"countries":["TR"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Orhan Baykal","raw_affiliation_strings":["Atat\u00fcrk University, Faculty of Medicine, Department of Ophtalmology, Erzurum, Turkey"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Atat\u00fcrk University, Faculty of Medicine, Department of Ophtalmology, Erzurum, Turkey","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I64134780"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":1,"corresponding_author_ids":[],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I64134780"],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":0.0,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":9,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.0,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":87,"max":95},"biblio":{"volume":"40","issue":"1","first_page":"1","last_page":"5"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10170","display_name":"Retinal Diseases and Treatments","score":0.5512999892234802,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2731","display_name":"Ophthalmology"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/27","display_name":"Medicine"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/4","display_name":"Health Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10170","display_name":"Retinal Diseases and Treatments","score":0.5512999892234802,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2731","display_name":"Ophthalmology"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/27","display_name":"Medicine"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/4","display_name":"Health Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10445","display_name":"Antioxidant Activity and Oxidative Stress","score":0.4462999999523163,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2704","display_name":"Biochemistry (medical)"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/27","display_name":"Medicine"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/4","display_name":"Health Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T13796","display_name":"Neuroprotection in Cerebral Ischemia","score":0.00039999998989515007,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2808","display_name":"Neurology"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/28","display_name":"Neuroscience"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/1","display_name":"Life Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/l-carnitine","display_name":"L-carnitine","score":0.9879999756813049},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/age-related-macular-degeneration","display_name":"age-related macular degeneration","score":0.9990000128746033},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/malondialdehyde","display_name":"malondialdehyde","score":0.9240000247955322},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/glutathione","display_name":"glutathione","score":0.9229999780654907},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/lipid-peroxidation","display_name":"lipid peroxidation","score":0.9789999723434448},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/oxidative-stress","display_name":"oxidative stress","score":0.8230000138282776},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/antioxidant-supplementation","display_name":"antioxidant supplementation","score":0.9120000004768372},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/early-amd","display_name":"early AMD","score":0.4020000100135803}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2778401633","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q418661","display_name":"Malondialdehyde","level":3,"score":0.8485130071640015},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C71924100","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11190","display_name":"Medicine","level":0,"score":0.763023853302002},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C538909803","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q116907","display_name":"Glutathione","level":3,"score":0.7395758628845215},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2780829032","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q898539","display_name":"Lipid peroxidation","level":3,"score":0.7186221480369568},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C3020296196","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q898814","display_name":"Oxidative damage","level":3,"score":0.5600324869155884},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2776403814","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q27429789","display_name":"Macular degeneration","level":2,"score":0.4351571202278137},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C126322002","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11180","display_name":"Internal medicine","level":1,"score":0.43091168999671936},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2993539680","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q902552","display_name":"Antioxidant capacity","level":3,"score":0.42154788970947266},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2778004101","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q133948","display_name":"Antioxidant","level":2,"score":0.4212692975997925},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C90924648","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q120569","display_name":"Gastroenterology","level":1,"score":0.36868447065353394},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2776151105","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q898814","display_name":"Oxidative stress","level":2,"score":0.32857048511505127},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C118487528","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q161437","display_name":"Ophthalmology","level":1,"score":0.3167707920074463},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C55493867","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7094","display_name":"Biochemistry","level":1,"score":0.2033613920211792},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C185592680","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2329","display_name":"Chemistry","level":0,"score":0.10968002676963806},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C181199279","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q8047","display_name":"Enzyme","level":2,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":4,"locations":[{"id":"pmid:25610013","doi":null,"is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/25610013","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306525036","display_name":"PubMed","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I1299303238","host_organization_name":"National Institutes of Health","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1299303238"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"The Eurasian journal of medicine","raw_type":"Journal Article"},{"id":"pmh:oai:pubmedcentral.nih.gov:4261317","doi":null,"is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/articles/PMC4261317/","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S2764455111","display_name":"PubMed Central","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I1299303238","host_organization_name":"National Institutes of Health","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1299303238"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Eurasian J Med","raw_type":"Text"},{"id":"pmh:oai:CiteSeerX.psu:10.1.1.687.5586","doi":null,"is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"http://citeseerx.ist.psu.edu/viewdoc/summary?doi=10.1.1.687.5586","pdf_url":null,"source":null,"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"http://www.eajm.org/sayilar/174/buyuk/pdf_EAJM_246.pdf","raw_type":"text"},{"id":"mag:2398944718","doi":null,"is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/25610013","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306525036","display_name":"PubMed","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I1299303238","host_organization_name":"National Institutes of Health","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1299303238"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":null,"is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"PubMed","raw_type":null}],"best_oa_location":{"id":"pmh:oai:pubmedcentral.nih.gov:4261317","doi":null,"is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/articles/PMC4261317/","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S2764455111","display_name":"PubMed Central","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I1299303238","host_organization_name":"National Institutes of Health","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1299303238"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Eurasian J Med","raw_type":"Text"},"sustainable_development_goals":[{"display_name":"Good health and well-being","id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/3","score":1.0}],"study_designs":[],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"pdf":false,"grobid_xml":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":28,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W31980799","https://openalex.org/W198227269","https://openalex.org/W1543801259","https://openalex.org/W1969048943","https://openalex.org/W1972833482","https://openalex.org/W1974053407","https://openalex.org/W1990761779","https://openalex.org/W2006370393","https://openalex.org/W2008965058","https://openalex.org/W2013534585","https://openalex.org/W2020126595","https://openalex.org/W2021122140","https://openalex.org/W2026277176","https://openalex.org/W2035054007","https://openalex.org/W2052722478","https://openalex.org/W2068897227","https://openalex.org/W2104421727","https://openalex.org/W2134550496","https://openalex.org/W2137696392","https://openalex.org/W2144839999","https://openalex.org/W2150397737","https://openalex.org/W2150990482","https://openalex.org/W2158770960","https://openalex.org/W2162667583","https://openalex.org/W2168202017","https://openalex.org/W2204618410","https://openalex.org/W2336302733","https://openalex.org/W2418662731"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W7098909832","https://openalex.org/W2384519825","https://openalex.org/W2036147739","https://openalex.org/W3144598046","https://openalex.org/W1508224413","https://openalex.org/W2383287608","https://openalex.org/W2354398912","https://openalex.org/W2121165189","https://openalex.org/W2127370389","https://openalex.org/W1983453461"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"OBJECTIVE:":[0],"The":[1,38],"aim":[2],"of":[3,12,19,78,83,119,142],"this":[4],"study":[5,30,49,101],"was":[6,47,60,106,113],"to":[7,68],"determine":[8],"the":[9,13,17,48,61,72,76,79,95,100,103,110,117,120,137],"antioxidant":[10],"properties":[11],"L-carnitine":[14],"(LC)":[15],"in":[16,94],"treatment":[18],"patients":[20,33,39],"with":[21,35],"age-related":[22],"macular":[23],"degeneration":[24],"(AMD).":[25],"MATERIALS":[26],"AND":[27],"METHODS:":[28],"This":[29],"involved":[31],"60":[32],"diagnosed":[34],"early":[36],"AMD.":[37],"were":[40,92],"divided":[41],"into":[42],"two":[43,96],"groups.":[44,97],"Group":[45,58],"I":[46],"group":[50,63],"that":[51,128],"received":[52],"LC":[53,69,129],"supplementation":[54,70],"for":[55],"3":[56,73],"months.":[57,74],"II":[59],"control":[62],"and":[64,88,145],"did":[65],"not":[66],"consent":[67],"over":[71],"At":[75],"end":[77,118],"3-month":[80,121],"period,":[81],"markers":[82],"lipid":[84,143],"peroxidation,":[85,144],"malondialdehyde":[86],"(MDA)":[87],"reduced":[89],"glutathione":[90],"(GSH)":[91],"measured":[93],"RESULTS:":[98],"In":[99],"group,":[102],"MDA":[104,138],"level":[105,112],"significantly":[107,114],"reduced,":[108],"while":[109],"GSH":[111],"increased":[115],"at":[116],"period":[122],"(P<0.001).":[123],"CONCLUSION:":[124],"Our":[125],"results":[126],"suggest":[127],"may":[130],"protect":[131],"against":[132],"oxidative":[133],"damage":[134],"by":[135],"decreasing":[136],"level,":[139],"a":[140],"marker":[141],"increasing":[146],"GSH.":[147]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2025,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2024,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2023,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2021,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2020,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2015,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2014,"cited_by_count":1}],"updated_date":"2026-11-10T11:39:43.021295","created_date":"2016-06-24T00:00:00"}