{"id":"https://openalex.org/W2398889014","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1097/00007632-199306000-00002","title":"Trunk Strength Testing with Iso-Machines","display_name":"Trunk Strength Testing with Iso-Machines","publication_year":1993,"publication_date":"1993-06-01","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W2398889014","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1097/00007632-199306000-00002","mag":"2398889014","pmid":"https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/8316878"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1097/00007632-199306000-00002","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1097/00007632-199306000-00002","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1097/00007632-199306000-00002","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4026894","display_name":"Spine","issn_l":"0362-2436","issn":["0362-2436","1528-1159"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"listed_in":["anvur-class-a","anvur-scientific","cwts-core","dongbi-b","doyens","jufo-3","ki-jl-2","medline","norway-2","poland-140","russia-white-list-1","vabb-shw"],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310315671","host_organization_name":"Lippincott Williams & Wilkins","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310315671","https://openalex.org/P4310318547"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Lippincott Williams & Wilkins","Wolters Kluwer"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Spine","raw_type":"journal-article"},"volume":null,"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref","pubmed"],"open_access":{"is_oa":false,"oa_status":"closed","oa_url":null,"any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":null,"display_name":"Mary Newton","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I2801120601","display_name":"Western Infirmary","ror":"https://ror.org/02e22bh87","country_code":"GB","type":"healthcare","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I2800201399","https://openalex.org/I2801120601"]}],"countries":["GB"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Mary Newton","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Western Infirmary, Glasgow G11 6NT, Scotland"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Western Infirmary, Glasgow G11 6NT, Scotland","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I2801120601"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5087279025","display_name":"Morag Thow","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5136-8137","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5136-8137"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I2801120601","display_name":"Western Infirmary","ror":"https://ror.org/02e22bh87","country_code":"GB","type":"healthcare","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I2800201399","https://openalex.org/I2801120601"]}],"countries":["GB"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Morag Thow","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Western Infirmary, Glasgow G11 6NT, Scotland"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Western Infirmary, Glasgow G11 6NT, Scotland","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I2801120601"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5000598474","display_name":"Douglas Somerville","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I2801120601","display_name":"Western Infirmary","ror":"https://ror.org/02e22bh87","country_code":"GB","type":"healthcare","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I2800201399","https://openalex.org/I2801120601"]}],"countries":["GB"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Douglas Somerville","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Western Infirmary, Glasgow G11 6NT, Scotland"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Western Infirmary, Glasgow G11 6NT, Scotland","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I2801120601"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":null,"display_name":"Iain Henderson","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I2801120601","display_name":"Western Infirmary","ror":"https://ror.org/02e22bh87","country_code":"GB","type":"healthcare","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I2800201399","https://openalex.org/I2801120601"]}],"countries":["GB"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Iain Henderson","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Western Infirmary, Glasgow G11 6NT, Scotland"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Western Infirmary, Glasgow G11 6NT, Scotland","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I2801120601"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5111559874","display_name":"Gordon Waddell","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I2801120601","display_name":"Western Infirmary","ror":"https://ror.org/02e22bh87","country_code":"GB","type":"healthcare","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I2800201399","https://openalex.org/I2801120601"]}],"countries":["GB"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Gordon Waddell","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Western Infirmary, Glasgow G11 6NT, Scotland"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Western Infirmary, Glasgow G11 6NT, Scotland","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I2801120601"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":1,"corresponding_author_ids":[],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I2801120601"],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":5.1404,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":169,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.96417605,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":true},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":93,"max":98},"biblio":{"volume":"18","issue":"7","first_page":"812","last_page":"824"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10084","display_name":"Musculoskeletal pain and rehabilitation","score":0.9951000213623047,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2736","display_name":"Pharmacology (medical)"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/27","display_name":"Medicine"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/4","display_name":"Health Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10084","display_name":"Musculoskeletal pain and rehabilitation","score":0.9951000213623047,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2736","display_name":"Pharmacology (medical)"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/27","display_name":"Medicine"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/4","display_name":"Health Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10238","display_name":"Spine and Intervertebral Disc Pathology","score":0.0012000000569969416,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2734","display_name":"Pathology and Forensic Medicine"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/27","display_name":"Medicine"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/4","display_name":"Health Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10157","display_name":"Sports Performance and Training","score":0.0005000000237487257,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2732","display_name":"Orthopedics and Sports Medicine"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/27","display_name":"Medicine"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/4","display_name":"Health Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/trunk-muscle-strength","display_name":"trunk muscle strength","score":0.7710000276565552},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/isokinetic-strength-testing","display_name":"isokinetic strength testing","score":0.8349999785423279},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/chronic-low-back-pain","display_name":"chronic low back pain","score":0.9610000252723694},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/test-retest-reliability","display_name":"test-retest reliability","score":0.9010000228881836},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/learning-effects","display_name":"learning effects","score":0.9819999933242798},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/clinical-outcome-measures","display_name":"clinical outcome measures","score":0.5230000019073486},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/pain-prediction","display_name":"pain prediction","score":0.39100000262260437},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/normal-subjects","display_name":"normal subjects","score":0.46000000834465027}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C71924100","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11190","display_name":"Medicine","level":0,"score":0.9575248956680298},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2781197403","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q193472","display_name":"Trunk","level":2,"score":0.678525447845459},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C1862650","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q186005","display_name":"Physical therapy","level":1,"score":0.6293960809707642},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2780907711","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q852163","display_name":"Low back pain","level":3,"score":0.5825019478797913},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C43214815","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7310987","display_name":"Reliability (semiconductor)","level":3,"score":0.558758020401001},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C99508421","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2678675","display_name":"Physical medicine and rehabilitation","level":1,"score":0.45761364698410034},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2776501849","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5781808","display_name":"Back pain","level":3,"score":0.4231884479522705},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C142724271","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7208","display_name":"Pathology","level":1,"score":0.08078619837760925},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C204787440","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q188504","display_name":"Alternative medicine","level":2,"score":0.07261884212493896},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C62520636","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q944","display_name":"Quantum mechanics","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C18903297","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7150","display_name":"Ecology","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C86803240","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q420","display_name":"Biology","level":0,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C163258240","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q25342","display_name":"Power (physics)","level":2,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C121332964","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q413","display_name":"Physics","level":0,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[{"descriptor_ui":"D000328","descriptor_name":"Adult","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D001696","descriptor_name":"Biomechanical Phenomena","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D005069","descriptor_name":"Evaluation Studies as Topic","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D005082","descriptor_name":"Physical Exertion","qualifier_ui":"Q000502","qualifier_name":"physiology","is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D005260","descriptor_name":"Female","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D005500","descriptor_name":"Follow-Up Studies","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D006801","descriptor_name":"Humans","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D007537","descriptor_name":"Isometric Contraction","qualifier_ui":"Q000502","qualifier_name":"physiology","is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D008297","descriptor_name":"Male","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D008875","descriptor_name":"Middle Aged","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D009119","descriptor_name":"Muscle Contraction","qualifier_ui":"Q000502","qualifier_name":"physiology","is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D012016","descriptor_name":"Reference Values","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D012727","descriptor_name":"Sex Characteristics","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D013997","descriptor_name":"Time Factors","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D016552","descriptor_name":"Ergometry","qualifier_ui":"Q000295","qualifier_name":"instrumentation","is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D017116","descriptor_name":"Low Back Pain","qualifier_ui":"Q000175","qualifier_name":"diagnosis","is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D017116","descriptor_name":"Low Back Pain","qualifier_ui":"Q000453","qualifier_name":"epidemiology","is_major_topic":false}],"locations_count":2,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1097/00007632-199306000-00002","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1097/00007632-199306000-00002","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1097/00007632-199306000-00002","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4026894","display_name":"Spine","issn_l":"0362-2436","issn":["0362-2436","1528-1159"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"listed_in":["anvur-class-a","anvur-scientific","cwts-core","dongbi-b","doyens","jufo-3","ki-jl-2","medline","norway-2","poland-140","russia-white-list-1","vabb-shw"],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310315671","host_organization_name":"Lippincott Williams & Wilkins","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310315671","https://openalex.org/P4310318547"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Lippincott Williams & Wilkins","Wolters Kluwer"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Spine","raw_type":"journal-article"},{"id":"pmid:8316878","doi":null,"is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/8316878","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306525036","display_name":"PubMed","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I1299303238","host_organization_name":"National Institutes of Health","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1299303238"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Spine","raw_type":"Comparative Study"}],"best_oa_location":null,"sustainable_development_goals":[{"score":0.9391000270843506,"id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/3","display_name":"Good health and well-being"}],"study_designs":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/study-designs/observational-study","display_name":"Observational Study"}],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"pdf":false,"grobid_xml":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":0,"referenced_works":[],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W1490248054","https://openalex.org/W2041505080","https://openalex.org/W2465818993","https://openalex.org/W7005633024","https://openalex.org/W2056482096","https://openalex.org/W2147506864","https://openalex.org/W1970531803","https://openalex.org/W2088538107","https://openalex.org/W2071416227","https://openalex.org/W2935178294"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"This":[0],"experimental":[1],"evaluation":[2],"of":[3,29,40,47],"Cybex":[4],"II":[5],"isokinetic":[6],"measurement":[7],"was":[8],"based":[9],"on":[10],"70":[11],"normal":[12,33,48],"subjects":[13,49],"and":[14,25,42],"120":[15],"patients":[16,31],"with":[17],"chronic":[18],"low":[19,53],"back":[20,54],"pain.":[21,55],"It":[22],"considered:":[23],"reliability":[24],"learning":[26],"effect;":[27],"discrimination":[28],"individual":[30],"versus":[32],"subjects;":[34],"relationship":[35],"to":[36,50],"clinical":[37],"measures;":[38],"assessment":[39],"effort;":[41],"a":[43],"prospective":[44],"2-year":[45],"follow-up":[46],"predict":[51],"future":[52]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2022,"cited_by_count":5},{"year":2021,"cited_by_count":3},{"year":2020,"cited_by_count":4},{"year":2019,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2018,"cited_by_count":3},{"year":2017,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2016,"cited_by_count":3},{"year":2015,"cited_by_count":3},{"year":2014,"cited_by_count":5},{"year":2013,"cited_by_count":4},{"year":2012,"cited_by_count":3}],"updated_date":"2026-11-04T10:54:05.112534","created_date":"2016-06-24T00:00:00"}
