{"id":"https://openalex.org/W2398535910","doi":null,"title":"A Multiple Case Study of Challenges and Successes Experienced by Founders and Directors of Nature-Based Preschools in the United States","display_name":"A Multiple Case Study of Challenges and Successes Experienced by Founders and Directors of Nature-Based Preschools in the United States","publication_year":2016,"publication_date":"2016-01-01","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W2398535910","mag":"2398535910"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"pmh:oai:digitalcommons.liberty.edu:doctoral-2260","doi":null,"is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://digitalcommons.liberty.edu/doctoral/1211","pdf_url":"https://digitalcommons.liberty.edu/doctoral/1211","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306400581","display_name":"Digital Commons (Liberty University)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I67789559","host_organization_name":"Liberty University","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I67789559"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"Doctoral Dissertations and Projects","raw_type":"text"},"volume":null,"type":"article","is_traditional":true,"indexed_in":[],"open_access":{"is_oa":true,"oa_status":"green","oa_url":"https://digitalcommons.liberty.edu/doctoral/1211","any_repository_has_fulltext":true},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5010513458","display_name":"Alexandra Michaela Barnett","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[],"countries":[],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Alexandra Michaela Barnett","raw_affiliation_strings":[],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":0,"institutions_distinct_count":0,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5010513458"],"corresponding_institution_ids":[],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":0.0,"has_fulltext":true,"cited_by_count":0,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.0,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":null,"biblio":{"volume":null,"issue":null,"first_page":null,"last_page":null},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T12997","display_name":"Outdoor and Experiential Education","score":0.8442000150680542,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3304","display_name":"Education"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/33","display_name":"Social Sciences"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T12997","display_name":"Outdoor and Experiential Education","score":0.8442000150680542,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3304","display_name":"Education"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/33","display_name":"Social Sciences"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T14290","display_name":"Education Methods and Practices","score":0.12080000340938568,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3304","display_name":"Education"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/33","display_name":"Social Sciences"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10589","display_name":"Early Childhood Education and Development","score":0.007899999618530273,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3304","display_name":"Education"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/33","display_name":"Social Sciences"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/preschool-directors","display_name":"preschool directors","score":0.9089999794960022},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/early-childhood-education","display_name":"early childhood education","score":0.6930000185966492},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/natural-environment","display_name":"natural environment","score":0.5960000157356262},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/leadership","display_name":"leadership","score":0.7260000109672546},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/collaboration","display_name":"collaboration","score":0.640999972820282},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/mission-focus","display_name":"mission focus","score":0.9210000038146973},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/founder-experience","display_name":"founder experience","score":0.4429999887943268},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/like-mindedness","display_name":"like-mindedness","score":0.5270000100135803}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C4438859","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q186117","display_name":"Timeline","level":2,"score":0.7162749767303467},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C71140485","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2943226","display_name":"Knight","level":2,"score":0.5996170043945312},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C39549134","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q133080","display_name":"Public relations","level":1,"score":0.5513566732406616},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C190248442","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q839486","display_name":"Qualitative research","level":2,"score":0.5114344954490662},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C17744445","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q36442","display_name":"Political science","level":0,"score":0.5105639696121216},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C15744967","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q9418","display_name":"Psychology","level":0,"score":0.34920626878738403},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C144024400","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21201","display_name":"Sociology","level":0,"score":0.2933961749076843},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C36289849","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q34749","display_name":"Social science","level":1,"score":0.15247225761413574},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C205649164","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1071","display_name":"Geography","level":0,"score":0.15134498476982117},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C166957645","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q23498","display_name":"Archaeology","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C121332964","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q413","display_name":"Physics","level":0,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C1276947","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q333","display_name":"Astronomy","level":1,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":2,"locations":[{"id":"pmh:oai:digitalcommons.liberty.edu:doctoral-2260","doi":null,"is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://digitalcommons.liberty.edu/doctoral/1211","pdf_url":"https://digitalcommons.liberty.edu/doctoral/1211","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306400581","display_name":"Digital Commons (Liberty University)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I67789559","host_organization_name":"Liberty University","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I67789559"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"Doctoral Dissertations and Projects","raw_type":"text"},{"id":"mag:2398535910","doi":null,"is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://digitalcommons.liberty.edu/cgi/viewcontent.cgi?article=2260&context=doctoral","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306478302","display_name":"ProQuest LLC eBooks","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":null,"host_organization_name":null,"host_organization_lineage":[],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"ebook platform"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":null,"is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"ProQuest LLC eBooks","raw_type":null}],"best_oa_location":{"id":"pmh:oai:digitalcommons.liberty.edu:doctoral-2260","doi":null,"is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://digitalcommons.liberty.edu/doctoral/1211","pdf_url":"https://digitalcommons.liberty.edu/doctoral/1211","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306400581","display_name":"Digital Commons (Liberty University)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I67789559","host_organization_name":"Liberty University","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I67789559"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"Doctoral Dissertations and Projects","raw_type":"text"},"sustainable_development_goals":[{"display_name":"Quality education","id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/4","score":0.5385000109672546}],"study_designs":[],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"pdf":true,"grobid_xml":true},"content_urls":{"pdf":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W2398535910.pdf","grobid_xml":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W2398535910.grobid-xml"},"referenced_works_count":168,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W49600857","https://openalex.org/W59441278","https://openalex.org/W60815360","https://openalex.org/W71257574","https://openalex.org/W93312720","https://openalex.org/W151702888","https://openalex.org/W200387992","https://openalex.org/W393230872","https://openalex.org/W431259312","https://openalex.org/W614628138","https://openalex.org/W615554744","https://openalex.org/W632783444","https://openalex.org/W1480261886","https://openalex.org/W1496960021","https://openalex.org/W1497396804","https://openalex.org/W1497488163","https://openalex.org/W1508828152","https://openalex.org/W1519782114","https://openalex.org/W1527311855","https://openalex.org/W1531056138","https://openalex.org/W1531561491","https://openalex.org/W1540808441","https://openalex.org/W1546066635","https://openalex.org/W1547450212","https://openalex.org/W1551590132","https://openalex.org/W1572092804","https://openalex.org/W1577785489","https://openalex.org/W1584697775","https://openalex.org/W1588184271","https://openalex.org/W1589275176","https://openalex.org/W1594038120","https://openalex.org/W1597861700","https://openalex.org/W1622527855","https://openalex.org/W1636115385","https://openalex.org/W1637615640","https://openalex.org/W1675192189","https://openalex.org/W1679471672","https://openalex.org/W1737861481","https://openalex.org/W1813269889","https://openalex.org/W1872518926","https://openalex.org/W1907751200","https://openalex.org/W1964123127","https://openalex.org/W1965460043","https://openalex.org/W1967849400","https://openalex.org/W1970812638","https://openalex.org/W1978565516","https://openalex.org/W1982892799","https://openalex.org/W1987771740","https://openalex.org/W1991927319","https://openalex.org/W1992297809","https://openalex.org/W1992621812","https://openalex.org/W1993224124","https://openalex.org/W1997957407","https://openalex.org/W2005279753","https://openalex.org/W2018351597","https://openalex.org/W2019154293","https://openalex.org/W2019537855","https://openalex.org/W2019602329","https://openalex.org/W2019899709","https://openalex.org/W2023521056","https://openalex.org/W2023563080","https://openalex.org/W2024011319","https://openalex.org/W2025956906","https://openalex.org/W2026662647","https://openalex.org/W2030441470","https://openalex.org/W2033952602","https://openalex.org/W2035648418","https://openalex.org/W2037244479","https://openalex.org/W2045748225","https://openalex.org/W2054371990","https://openalex.org/W2056330418","https://openalex.org/W2059637666","https://openalex.org/W2061003626","https://openalex.org/W2062121040","https://openalex.org/W2065290034","https://openalex.org/W2065314976","https://openalex.org/W2068369484","https://openalex.org/W2071962398","https://openalex.org/W2074922482","https://openalex.org/W2075105139","https://openalex.org/W2076234535","https://openalex.org/W2082624874","https://openalex.org/W2082952099","https://openalex.org/W2083159753","https://openalex.org/W2085665360","https://openalex.org/W2096424899","https://openalex.org/W2098251401","https://openalex.org/W2098940738","https://openalex.org/W2099466274","https://openalex.org/W2100109224","https://openalex.org/W2100741007","https://openalex.org/W2101745909","https://openalex.org/W2106281716","https://openalex.org/W2109192744","https://openalex.org/W2111205831","https://openalex.org/W2112843883","https://openalex.org/W2113131054","https://openalex.org/W2114268314","https://openalex.org/W2115180584","https://openalex.org/W2117504085","https://openalex.org/W2117758874","https://openalex.org/W2118825022","https://openalex.org/W2119089805","https://openalex.org/W2119974590","https://openalex.org/W2121267172","https://openalex.org/W2122075795","https://openalex.org/W2124222455","https://openalex.org/W2124960482","https://openalex.org/W2125242599","https://openalex.org/W2125249631","https://openalex.org/W2126079988","https://openalex.org/W2126202845","https://openalex.org/W2127623987","https://openalex.org/W2130449084","https://openalex.org/W2132866357","https://openalex.org/W2133663019","https://openalex.org/W2134073716","https://openalex.org/W2135731410","https://openalex.org/W2135943618","https://openalex.org/W2138652439","https://openalex.org/W2139500254","https://openalex.org/W2140793693","https://openalex.org/W2141813401","https://openalex.org/W2143916395","https://openalex.org/W2144241936","https://openalex.org/W2146782990","https://openalex.org/W2147966816","https://openalex.org/W2150561493","https://openalex.org/W2151489741","https://openalex.org/W2152490756","https://openalex.org/W2152995871","https://openalex.org/W2157829904","https://openalex.org/W2157904933","https://openalex.org/W2158023276","https://openalex.org/W2161628960","https://openalex.org/W2161727157","https://openalex.org/W2161785442","https://openalex.org/W2166893327","https://openalex.org/W2170362262","https://openalex.org/W2171762002","https://openalex.org/W2188283359","https://openalex.org/W2189271372","https://openalex.org/W2219653984","https://openalex.org/W2224037825","https://openalex.org/W2254735081","https://openalex.org/W2255998900","https://openalex.org/W2395553017","https://openalex.org/W2468383091","https://openalex.org/W2482232118","https://openalex.org/W2500290760","https://openalex.org/W2573637716","https://openalex.org/W2588306154","https://openalex.org/W2614349964","https://openalex.org/W2624838439","https://openalex.org/W2751698089","https://openalex.org/W2777803356","https://openalex.org/W2798355173","https://openalex.org/W2892200272","https://openalex.org/W2892747141","https://openalex.org/W2910684068","https://openalex.org/W2948571146","https://openalex.org/W2971035958","https://openalex.org/W3010175823","https://openalex.org/W3021240172","https://openalex.org/W3043110229","https://openalex.org/W3217456081","https://openalex.org/W4252069323","https://openalex.org/W4255526028"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W2786382669","https://openalex.org/W7047341482","https://openalex.org/W7082461385","https://openalex.org/W7113166578","https://openalex.org/W7208717245","https://openalex.org/W2125249631","https://openalex.org/W2795177108","https://openalex.org/W7028639302","https://openalex.org/W3198975331","https://openalex.org/W7115820428"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"Nature-based":[0],"preschools":[1],"are":[2,175],"defined":[3],"as":[4,22,143],"educational":[5],"settings":[6],"in":[7,18,55,66,71,111,125,189,194],"which":[8,183],"children":[9],"spend":[10],"three":[11,123],"or":[12],"more":[13],"hours":[14],"per":[15],"school":[16],"day":[17],"natural":[19],"environments":[20],"such":[21,142],"woods,":[23],"meadows,":[24],"and":[25,46,53,59,68,83,102,107,120,138,149,172,181],"beaches":[26],"(Knight,":[27],"2013).":[28],"The":[29,115],"purpose":[30],"of":[31,43,48,78,81,109,192],"this":[32],"qualitative,":[33],"multiple":[34],"case":[35],"study":[36],"was":[37,86,130,152],"to":[38,60,154,186],"obtain":[39],"a":[40],"deep":[41],"understanding":[42],"the":[44,56,72,79,91,100,112,126,156,159,190,195],"challenges":[45,101],"successes":[47,103],"nature-based":[49],"preschool":[50],"(NBP)":[51],"founders":[52,106,121,180],"directors":[54,108,119,182],"United":[57,73,113,127,196],"States":[58],"develop":[61],"recommendations":[62],"for":[63,177],"those":[64],"interested":[65],"establishing":[67],"operating":[69],"NBPs":[70,85,110,124,193],"States.":[74,128,197],"A":[75],"rich":[76],"description":[77],"phenomenon":[80],"founding":[82],"directing":[84],"developed":[87],"by":[88,105],"first":[89],"answering":[90],"primary":[92],"research":[93],"question:":[94],"\u201cWhat":[95],"can":[96],"be":[97],"learned":[98],"from":[99,122],"experienced":[104],"States?\u201d":[114],"study\u2019s":[116],"participants":[117],"included":[118],"Data":[129],"collected":[131],"through":[132,139],"semi-structured":[133],"interviews,":[134],"public":[135],"documents,":[136],"timelines,":[137],"multi-media":[140],"sources,":[141],"each":[144],"school\u2019s":[145],"website.":[146],"Within-case":[147],"analysis":[148,151],"cross-case":[150],"employed":[153],"analyze":[155],"data,":[157],"generating":[158],"following":[160],"key":[161],"themes:":[162],"experience,":[163],"relationships,":[164],"temperament,":[165],"like-mindedness,":[166],"mission":[167],"focus,":[168],"collaboration,":[169],"leadership,":[170],"worldview,":[171],"outlook.":[173],"Recommendations":[174],"provided":[176],"other":[178],"NBP":[179],"may":[184],"lead":[185],"an":[187],"increase":[188],"number":[191]},"counts_by_year":[],"updated_date":"2026-11-07T11:25:07.637180","created_date":"2016-06-24T00:00:00"}
