{"id":"https://openalex.org/W2396958019","doi":null,"title":"Surveying of the exposure level of intimidation (mobbing) behaviours of the football referees according to their classification.","display_name":"Surveying of the exposure level of intimidation (mobbing) behaviours of the football referees according to their classification.","publication_year":2014,"publication_date":"2014-01-01","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W2396958019","mag":"2396958019"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"mag:2396958019","doi":null,"is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://www.cabdirect.org/abstracts/20143208449.html","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S2764970626","display_name":"International journal of sport studies","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":null,"host_organization_name":null,"host_organization_lineage":[],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":null,"is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"International journal of sport studies","raw_type":null},"parent_works":[],"lineage":["https://openalex.org/W2396958019"],"child_works_count":0,"type":"article","is_traditional":true,"indexed_in":[],"open_access":{"is_oa":false,"oa_status":"closed","oa_url":null,"any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5040039149","display_name":"Serkan Hac\u0131cafero\u011flu","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8301-304X","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8301-304X"]},"institutions":[],"countries":[],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Serkan HACICAFERO\u011eLU","raw_affiliation_strings":[],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5102862531","display_name":"Cemal G\u00fcndo\u011fdu","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9122-6755","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9122-6755"]},"institutions":[],"countries":[],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Cemal G\u00fcndo\u011fdu","raw_affiliation_strings":[],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9122-6755","affiliations":[]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":0,"institutions_distinct_count":0,"corresponding_author_ids":[],"corresponding_institution_ids":[],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":0.0,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":2,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.0,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":87,"max":93},"biblio":{"volume":"4","issue":"1","first_page":"1","last_page":"10"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11647","display_name":"Workplace Violence and Bullying","score":0.9848999977111816,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1407","display_name":"Organizational Behavior and Human Resource Management"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/14","display_name":"Business, Management and Accounting"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11647","display_name":"Workplace Violence and Bullying","score":0.9848999977111816,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1407","display_name":"Organizational Behavior and Human Resource Management"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/14","display_name":"Business, Management and Accounting"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10485","display_name":"Bullying, Victimization, and Aggression","score":0.005799999926239252,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3207","display_name":"Social Psychology"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/32","display_name":"Psychology"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10813","display_name":"Sport Psychology and Performance","score":0.0031999999191612005,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3204","display_name":"Developmental and Educational Psychology"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/32","display_name":"Psychology"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/workplace-intimidation","display_name":"workplace intimidation","score":0.5820000171661377},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/football-referees","display_name":"football referees","score":0.996999979019165},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/gender-differences","display_name":"gender differences","score":0.7739999890327454},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/assistant-referees","display_name":"assistant referees","score":0.7289999723434448},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/marital-status","display_name":"marital status","score":0.6899999976158142},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/educational-attainment","display_name":"educational attainment","score":0.6600000262260437},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/turkish-football-federation","display_name":"Turkish Football Federation","score":0.578000009059906}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2778249305","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q207469","display_name":"Mobbing","level":2,"score":0.9141576886177063},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C15744967","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q9418","display_name":"Psychology","level":0,"score":0.6782819628715515},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2778444522","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1081491","display_name":"Football","level":2,"score":0.640709638595581},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2781354955","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11920938","display_name":"Marital status","level":3,"score":0.597100019454956},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2781164112","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3858303","display_name":"Intimidation","level":2,"score":0.5242365002632141},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C207456731","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q660818","display_name":"League","level":2,"score":0.5163501501083374},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2778976716","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3240539","display_name":"Harassment","level":2,"score":0.45636385679244995},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C77805123","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q161272","display_name":"Social psychology","level":1,"score":0.42457112669944763},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C149923435","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q37732","display_name":"Demography","level":1,"score":0.25495725870132446},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C205649164","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1071","display_name":"Geography","level":0,"score":0.12523096799850464},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2908647359","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2625603","display_name":"Population","level":2,"score":0.10682034492492676},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C144024400","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21201","display_name":"Sociology","level":0,"score":0.08065581321716309},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C166957645","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q23498","display_name":"Archaeology","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C121332964","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q413","display_name":"Physics","level":0,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C1276947","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q333","display_name":"Astronomy","level":1,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":1,"locations":[{"id":"mag:2396958019","doi":null,"is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://www.cabdirect.org/abstracts/20143208449.html","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S2764970626","display_name":"International journal of sport studies","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":null,"host_organization_name":null,"host_organization_lineage":[],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":null,"is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"International journal of sport studies","raw_type":null}],"best_oa_location":null,"sustainable_development_goals":[{"id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/16","display_name":"Peace, justice, and strong institutions","score":0.8046000003814697}],"study_designs":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/study-designs/observational-study","display_name":"Observational Study"}],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"pdf":false,"grobid_xml":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":6,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W1270432811","https://openalex.org/W1520049009","https://openalex.org/W2069072089","https://openalex.org/W2116603681","https://openalex.org/W2185349723","https://openalex.org/W2982649058"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W2769944970","https://openalex.org/W6976497613","https://openalex.org/W3164358014","https://openalex.org/W1520049009","https://openalex.org/W7074557796","https://openalex.org/W7131868592","https://openalex.org/W3158852369","https://openalex.org/W4233768545","https://openalex.org/W3083899852","https://openalex.org/W2095605057"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"The":[0,26,46],"purpose":[1],"of":[2,10,28,39,70,75,92,98,144,159,190,210,231],"this":[3],"study":[4,30,60,77,122,221],"is":[5,37],"to":[6,88,112,116,141,228],"determine":[7],"the":[8,15,29,59,76,83,105,117,121,129,133,142,171,174,178,185,195,200,214,219,229],"level":[9,91],"psychologial":[11],"mobbing":[12,93,113,134,225],"behaviours":[13,226],"that":[14,82,104,128,165],"football":[16],"classification":[17,107,130,176,187,197,204,216],"referees":[18,108,131,180,189,198,206,217,230],"within":[19],"Turkey":[20],"Football":[21,56],"Federation":[22],"are":[23],"exposed":[24,87,111],"to.":[25],"sampling":[27],"conducted":[31],"by":[32,51],"using":[33],"a":[34,52,73,208],"scanning":[35],"model":[36],"consisted":[38],"374":[40],"referees,":[41,170,177],"working":[42],"in":[43,96,157,181,199,218],"various":[44],"leagues.":[45],"research":[47],"data":[48],"were":[49,61,86,109],"collected":[50],"Mobbing":[53],"Scale":[54],"for":[55],"Referees.":[57],"In":[58,120],"used":[62],"descriptive":[63],"statistics,":[64],"t-tests":[65],"and":[66,154,168,173,194,213],"single":[67,172],"direction":[68],"analysis":[69],"variance.":[71],"As":[72,156],"result":[74],"it":[78,100,123,161],"was":[79,101],"found":[80,102],"out":[81,103],"referres":[84],"usually":[85],"lower":[89,136],"medium":[90,137],"behaviors.":[94],"And":[95],"terms":[97,158],"points,":[99,160],"women":[106,169,179,196,215],"more":[110,224],"behoviors":[114],"compared":[115,227],"other":[118,201,220,232],"referees.":[119],"has":[124],"been":[125],"also":[126],"concluded":[127],"perceived":[132,223],"at":[135],"levels":[138],"with":[139],"regard":[140],"variables":[143],"gender,":[145],"marital":[146],"status,":[147,153],"educational":[148,183],"status":[149],"(except":[150],"college),":[151],"age,":[152],"tenure.":[155],"can":[162],"be":[163],"said":[164],"both":[166],"men":[167],"married":[175],"all":[182],"groups,":[184,203,222],"upper":[186],"assistant":[188,205],"38-42":[191],"age":[192,202],"group,":[193],"having":[207],"tenure":[209],"13-16":[211],"years,":[212],"classifications.":[233]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2021,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2020,"cited_by_count":1}],"updated_date":"2026-09-26T08:19:03.415552","created_date":"2016-06-24T00:00:00"}