{"id":"https://openalex.org/W2396779946","doi":null,"title":"The ability of transforming growth factor-beta 1 to preferentially inhibit the induction of cytotoxicity in human T cells is determined by the nature of the activating signals.","display_name":"The ability of transforming growth factor-beta 1 to preferentially inhibit the induction of cytotoxicity in human T cells is determined by the nature of the activating signals.","publication_year":1994,"publication_date":"1994-07-01","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W2396779946","mag":"2396779946","pmid":"https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/7979191"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"pmid:7979191","doi":null,"is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/7979191","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306525036","display_name":"PubMed","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I1299303238","host_organization_name":"National Institutes of Health","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1299303238"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Anticancer research","raw_type":"Journal Article"},"volume":null,"type":"article","indexed_in":["pubmed"],"open_access":{"is_oa":false,"oa_status":"closed","oa_url":null,"any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5100572279","display_name":"Jianwei Xie","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1883-8373","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1883-8373"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I2800666604","display_name":"Glasgow Royal Infirmary","ror":"https://ror.org/00bjck208","country_code":"GB","type":"healthcare","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I2800201399","https://openalex.org/I2800666604"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I7882870","display_name":"University of Glasgow","ror":"https://ror.org/00vtgdb53","country_code":"GB","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I7882870"]}],"countries":["GB"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"J Xie","raw_affiliation_strings":["University of Glasgow, Department of Surgery, Glasgow Royal Infirmary, Scotland, UK"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"University of Glasgow, Department of Surgery, Glasgow Royal Infirmary, Scotland, UK","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I2800666604","https://openalex.org/I7882870"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5108202677","display_name":"Grant E. Gallagher","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[],"countries":[],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"G Gallagher","raw_affiliation_strings":[],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":2,"corresponding_author_ids":[],"corresponding_institution_ids":[],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":0.4547,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":4,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.64463418,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":null,"biblio":{"volume":"14","issue":"4A","first_page":"1595","last_page":"8"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10031","display_name":"T-cell and B-cell Immunology","score":0.6532999873161316,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2403","display_name":"Immunology"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/24","display_name":"Immunology and Microbiology"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/1","display_name":"Life Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10031","display_name":"T-cell and B-cell Immunology","score":0.6532999873161316,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2403","display_name":"Immunology"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/24","display_name":"Immunology and Microbiology"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/1","display_name":"Life Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11501","display_name":"TGF-\u03b2 signaling in diseases","score":0.33980000019073486,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1312","display_name":"Molecular Biology"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/13","display_name":"Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/1","display_name":"Life Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10580","display_name":"Immunotherapy and Immune Responses","score":0.0007999999797903001,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2403","display_name":"Immunology"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/24","display_name":"Immunology and Microbiology"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/1","display_name":"Life Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/tgf-beta1","display_name":"TGF-\u03b21","score":0.9860000014305115},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/t-cell-mediated-cytotoxicity","display_name":"T cell cytotoxicity","score":0.9020000100135803},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/cd28-costimulation","display_name":"CD28 costimulation","score":0.9950000047683716},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/interleukin-2","display_name":"interleukin-2","score":0.8870000243186951},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/t-cell-proliferation","display_name":"T cell proliferation","score":0.9369999766349792},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/antitumor-immunity","display_name":"antitumor immunity","score":0.8569999933242798},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/t-cell-activation-signals","display_name":"T cell activation signals","score":0.6970000267028809},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/immunosuppression","display_name":"immunosuppression","score":0.7929999828338623}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C109316439","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q246181","display_name":"Cytotoxicity","level":3,"score":0.7637757062911987},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C148125776","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1622348","display_name":"CD28","level":4,"score":0.62041836977005},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C114684123","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q419458","display_name":"CD3","level":4,"score":0.6089111566543579},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2778229498","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q24785672","display_name":"Transforming growth factor beta","level":3,"score":0.5838249325752258},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C154317977","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q376266","display_name":"Cytotoxic T cell","level":3,"score":0.548772931098938},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C118131993","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q423671","display_name":"Transforming growth factor","level":2,"score":0.5339400172233582},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C8891405","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1059","display_name":"Immune system","level":2,"score":0.51389479637146},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C86803240","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q420","display_name":"Biology","level":0,"score":0.4718981683254242},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C203014093","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q101929","display_name":"Immunology","level":1,"score":0.40902000665664673},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C167672396","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q417800","display_name":"CD8","level":3,"score":0.40182235836982727},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C153911025","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7202","display_name":"Molecular biology","level":1,"score":0.3941918611526489},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C95444343","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7141","display_name":"Cell biology","level":1,"score":0.3851788341999054},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C502942594","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3421914","display_name":"Cancer research","level":1,"score":0.3718569874763489},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C185592680","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2329","display_name":"Chemistry","level":0,"score":0.34623709321022034},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C202751555","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q221681","display_name":"In vitro","level":2,"score":0.20593035221099854},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C55493867","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7094","display_name":"Biochemistry","level":1,"score":0.17301198840141296}],"mesh":[{"descriptor_ui":"D000906","descriptor_name":"Antibodies","qualifier_ui":"Q000494","qualifier_name":"pharmacology","is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D002478","descriptor_name":"Cells, Cultured","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D003602","descriptor_name":"Cytotoxicity, Immunologic","qualifier_ui":"Q000187","qualifier_name":"drug effects","is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D004305","descriptor_name":"Dose-Response Relationship, Drug","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D006801","descriptor_name":"Humans","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D008213","descriptor_name":"Lymphocyte Activation","qualifier_ui":"Q000187","qualifier_name":"drug effects","is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D013602","descriptor_name":"T-Lymphocytes, Cytotoxic","qualifier_ui":"Q000187","qualifier_name":"drug effects","is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D013602","descriptor_name":"T-Lymphocytes, Cytotoxic","qualifier_ui":"Q000276","qualifier_name":"immunology","is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D015398","descriptor_name":"Signal Transduction","qualifier_ui":"Q000187","qualifier_name":"drug effects","is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D015398","descriptor_name":"Signal Transduction","qualifier_ui":"Q000502","qualifier_name":"physiology","is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D015703","descriptor_name":"Antigens, CD","qualifier_ui":"Q000276","qualifier_name":"immunology","is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D015703","descriptor_name":"Antigens, CD","qualifier_ui":"Q000502","qualifier_name":"physiology","is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D016212","descriptor_name":"Transforming Growth Factor beta","qualifier_ui":"Q000494","qualifier_name":"pharmacology","is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D017252","descriptor_name":"CD3 Complex","qualifier_ui":"Q000276","qualifier_name":"immunology","is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D017252","descriptor_name":"CD3 Complex","qualifier_ui":"Q000502","qualifier_name":"physiology","is_major_topic":false}],"locations_count":2,"locations":[{"id":"pmid:7979191","doi":null,"is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/7979191","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306525036","display_name":"PubMed","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I1299303238","host_organization_name":"National Institutes of Health","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1299303238"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Anticancer research","raw_type":"Journal Article"},{"id":"mag:2396779946","doi":null,"is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/7979191","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306525036","display_name":"PubMed","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I1299303238","host_organization_name":"National Institutes of Health","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1299303238"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":null,"is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"PubMed","raw_type":null}],"best_oa_location":null,"sustainable_development_goals":[{"display_name":"Good health and well-being","score":0.9391000270843506,"id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/3"}],"study_designs":[],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"grobid_xml":false,"pdf":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":0,"referenced_works":[],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W1980718762","https://openalex.org/W3140488387","https://openalex.org/W1546377462","https://openalex.org/W2000933552","https://openalex.org/W2071177608","https://openalex.org/W2047510029","https://openalex.org/W1907188220","https://openalex.org/W1588621515","https://openalex.org/W1988866101","https://openalex.org/W2039186465"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"TGF-beta":[0,37,73,119],"is":[1,122],"held":[2],"to":[3,13,39,115],"be":[4],"a":[5],"general":[6],"inhibitor":[7],"of":[8,17,25,36,55,78,127],"the":[9,15,23,31,34,51,76,125,128],"immune":[10],"system,":[11],"able":[12],"prevent":[14],"development":[16],"certain":[18],"differentiated":[19],"functions,":[20],"such":[21],"as":[22],"induction":[24,77],"LAK":[26],"activity":[27],"by":[28,45,60,124],"IL-2.":[29,68],"In":[30],"present":[32],"study,":[33],"potential":[35],"1":[38,74,120],"inhibit":[40],"anti-tumour":[41],"responses":[42],"was":[43,106,113],"assessed":[44],"determining":[46],"its":[47],"relative":[48],"effect":[49],"on":[50],"proliferation":[52],"and":[53,88],"cytotoxicity":[54,79],"human":[56,81],"T-cells,":[57],"following":[58,102],"activation":[59],"anti-CD3,":[61],"anti-CD3":[62,66],"plus":[63,67],"anti-CD28":[64],"or":[65,86],"The":[69,99],"results":[70],"demonstrated":[71],"that":[72,118],"inhibits":[75],"in":[80],"T-cells":[82],"stimulated":[83],"via":[84,111],"CD3":[85,87],"CD28":[89,112],"(P":[90],"<":[91],"0.01),":[92],"without":[93],"significantly":[94],"altering":[95],"their":[96],"proliferative":[97],"responses.":[98],"cytotoxic":[100],"response":[101],"costimulation":[103,110],"with":[104],"IL-2":[105],"hardly":[107],"altered,":[108],"while":[109],"susceptible":[114],"suppression,":[116],"suggesting":[117],"action":[121],"affected":[123],"nature":[126],"costimulatory":[129],"signals.":[130]},"counts_by_year":[],"updated_date":"2026-10-31T12:09:11.096373","created_date":"2016-06-24T00:00:00"}