{"id":"https://openalex.org/W2396683757","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1016/s0924-9338(15)30633-7","title":"Anti-vgkc Antibody-associated Limbic Encephalitis Presenting with Recurrent Catatonia","display_name":"Anti-vgkc Antibody-associated Limbic Encephalitis Presenting with Recurrent Catatonia","publication_year":2015,"publication_date":"2015-03-01","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W2396683757","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1016/s0924-9338(15)30633-7","mag":"2396683757"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1016/s0924-9338(15)30633-7","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1016/s0924-9338(15)30633-7","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1016/s0924-9338(15)30633-7","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S87202501","display_name":"European Psychiatry","issn_l":"0924-9338","issn":["0924-9338","1778-3585"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"listed_in":["anvur-scientific","cwts-core","doaj","dongbi-c","doyens","jufo-2","ki-jl-2","medline","norway-2","oarl","poland-100","russia-white-list-1","vabb-shw"],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310311721","host_organization_name":"Cambridge University Press","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310311721","https://openalex.org/P4310311702"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Cambridge University Press","University of Cambridge"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"European Psychiatry","raw_type":"journal-article"},"volume":null,"type":"article","is_traditional":true,"indexed_in":["crossref","doaj"],"open_access":{"is_oa":false,"oa_status":"closed","oa_url":null,"any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5113196536","display_name":"S. Carneiro","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[],"countries":[],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"S. Carneiro","raw_affiliation_strings":["Psychiatry and Mental Health, Santar\u00e9m District Hospital, Santarem, Portugal"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Psychiatry and Mental Health, Santar\u00e9m District Hospital, Santarem, Portugal","institution_ids":[]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":null,"display_name":"I. Fernandes","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[],"countries":[],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"I. Fernandes","raw_affiliation_strings":["Psychiatry and Mental Health, Santar\u00e9m District Hospital, Santarem, Portugal"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Psychiatry and Mental Health, Santar\u00e9m District Hospital, Santarem, Portugal","institution_ids":[]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5024383944","display_name":"Yahia Abuowda","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[],"countries":[],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Y. Abuowda","raw_affiliation_strings":["Internal Medicine, Santar\u00e9m District Hospital, Santarem, Portugal"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Internal Medicine, Santar\u00e9m District Hospital, Santarem, Portugal","institution_ids":[]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5101964426","display_name":"Ana Oliveira","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4977-5136","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4977-5136"]},"institutions":[],"countries":[],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"A. Alves Oliveira","raw_affiliation_strings":["Internal Medicine, Santar\u00e9m District Hospital, Santarem, Portugal"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Internal Medicine, Santar\u00e9m District Hospital, Santarem, Portugal","institution_ids":[]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5101812874","display_name":"Catarina Santos","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1859-6645","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1859-6645"]},"institutions":[],"countries":[],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"C. Santos","raw_affiliation_strings":["Internal Medicine, Santar\u00e9m District Hospital, Santarem, Portugal"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Internal Medicine, Santar\u00e9m District Hospital, Santarem, Portugal","institution_ids":[]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5011093900","display_name":"Adelaide Palos","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[],"countries":[],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"A. Palos","raw_affiliation_strings":["Neurology, Santar\u00e9m District Hospital, Santarem, Portugal"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Neurology, Santar\u00e9m District Hospital, Santarem, Portugal","institution_ids":[]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5012286857","display_name":"A. Rosa","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6050-2681","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6050-2681"]},"institutions":[],"countries":[],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"A. Rosa","raw_affiliation_strings":["Psychiatry and Mental Health, Santar\u00e9m District Hospital, Santarem, Portugal"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Psychiatry and Mental Health, Santar\u00e9m District Hospital, Santarem, Portugal","institution_ids":[]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5102752049","display_name":"Pedro Wanderley Torres Pinheiro","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0009-0002-3455-1938","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0009-0002-3455-1938"]},"institutions":[],"countries":[],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"P. Pinheiro","raw_affiliation_strings":["Psychiatry and Mental Health, Santar\u00e9m District Hospital, Santarem, Portugal"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Psychiatry and Mental Health, Santar\u00e9m District Hospital, Santarem, Portugal","institution_ids":[]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":0,"institutions_distinct_count":0,"corresponding_author_ids":[],"corresponding_institution_ids":[],"apc_list":{"value":3300,"currency":"USD","value_usd":3300},"apc_paid":null,"fwci":0.0,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":1,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.0,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":87,"max":93},"biblio":{"volume":"30","issue":null,"first_page":"812","last_page":"812"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11627","display_name":"Autoimmune Neurological Disorders and Treatments","score":1.0,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2728","display_name":"Clinical Neurology"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/27","display_name":"Medicine"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/4","display_name":"Health Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11627","display_name":"Autoimmune Neurological Disorders and Treatments","score":1.0,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2728","display_name":"Clinical Neurology"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/27","display_name":"Medicine"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/4","display_name":"Health Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11735","display_name":"Peripheral Neuropathies and Disorders","score":0.0,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2728","display_name":"Clinical Neurology"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/27","display_name":"Medicine"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/4","display_name":"Health Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T13201","display_name":"Infectious Encephalopathies and Encephalitis","score":0.0,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2725","display_name":"Infectious Diseases"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/27","display_name":"Medicine"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/4","display_name":"Health Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/anti-vgkc-antibodies","display_name":"anti-VGKC antibodies","score":0.8740000128746033},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/limbic-encephalitis","display_name":"limbic encephalitis","score":0.9279999732971191},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/catatonia","display_name":"catatonia","score":0.8939999938011169},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/voltage-gated-potassium-channel-antibodies","display_name":"voltage-gated potassium channel antibodies","score":0.7630000114440918},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/neuropsychiatric-syndromes","display_name":"neuropsychiatric syndromes","score":0.7350000143051147},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/autoimmune-encephalitis","display_name":"autoimmune encephalitis","score":0.7919999957084656},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/plasmapheresis","display_name":"plasmapheresis","score":0.8339999914169312},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/intravenous-immunoglobulin","display_name":"intravenous immunoglobulin","score":0.9430000185966492},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/corticosteroid-therapy","display_name":"corticosteroid therapy","score":0.8080000281333923},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/disease-duration","display_name":"disease duration","score":0.45399999618530273}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2778941822","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q501571","display_name":"Catatonia","level":3,"score":0.7824550867080688},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2777699746","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q282783","display_name":"Limbic encephalitis","level":4,"score":0.6554001569747925},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C71924100","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11190","display_name":"Medicine","level":0,"score":0.627165675163269},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2779706987","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q408265","display_name":"Lorazepam","level":2,"score":0.5769728422164917},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2780939311","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q268594","display_name":"Stupor","level":3,"score":0.5604168772697449},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2776153860","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q394129","display_name":"Psychomotor agitation","level":2,"score":0.5363935232162476},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C187212893","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q123028","display_name":"Pediatrics","level":1,"score":0.5140484571456909},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C83455156","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q199615","display_name":"Encephalitis","level":3,"score":0.4866507947444916},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2777964233","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1424956","display_name":"Neuroleptic malignant syndrome","level":2,"score":0.4764730930328369},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C146638467","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q10529587","display_name":"Hyperintensity","level":3,"score":0.43019503355026245},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C118552586","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7867","display_name":"Psychiatry","level":1,"score":0.3422015905380249},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C42219234","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q131130","display_name":"Anesthesia","level":1,"score":0.3320768475532532},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C126322002","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11180","display_name":"Internal medicine","level":1,"score":0.3200984001159668},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2778621155","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q576349","display_name":"Encephalopathy","level":2,"score":0.22687730193138123},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2776412080","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7431605","display_name":"Schizophrenia (object-oriented programming)","level":2,"score":0.14648064970970154},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C203014093","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q101929","display_name":"Immunology","level":1,"score":0.13146182894706726},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C143409427","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q161238","display_name":"Magnetic resonance imaging","level":2,"score":0.10514673590660095},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C126838900","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q77604","display_name":"Radiology","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2522874641","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q808","display_name":"Virus","level":2,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":1,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1016/s0924-9338(15)30633-7","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1016/s0924-9338(15)30633-7","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1016/s0924-9338(15)30633-7","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S87202501","display_name":"European Psychiatry","issn_l":"0924-9338","issn":["0924-9338","1778-3585"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"listed_in":["anvur-scientific","cwts-core","doaj","dongbi-c","doyens","jufo-2","ki-jl-2","medline","norway-2","oarl","poland-100","russia-white-list-1","vabb-shw"],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310311721","host_organization_name":"Cambridge University Press","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310311721","https://openalex.org/P4310311702"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Cambridge University Press","University of Cambridge"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"European Psychiatry","raw_type":"journal-article"}],"best_oa_location":null,"sustainable_development_goals":[{"score":1.0,"id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/3","display_name":"Good health and well-being"}],"study_designs":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/study-designs/case-report","display_name":"Case Report"}],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"pdf":false,"grobid_xml":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":0,"referenced_works":[],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W2978613752","https://openalex.org/W2726808696","https://openalex.org/W2730583698","https://openalex.org/W2407626063","https://openalex.org/W2062152449","https://openalex.org/W7035233873","https://openalex.org/W2058038309","https://openalex.org/W3161226008","https://openalex.org/W2205027998","https://openalex.org/W2017321339"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"Limbic":[0],"encephalitis":[1,189],"is":[2,240],"an":[3,66],"inflammatory":[4],"disorder,":[5],"commonly":[6],"characterized":[7],"by":[8],"psychiatric":[9,61,96],"features":[10],"and":[11,51,72,76,86,107,122,146,155,158,172,233],"cognitive":[12],"impairment.":[13],"It":[14],"used":[15],"to":[16,59,94,218],"be":[17],"considered":[18],"a":[19,40,112,165],"rare":[20,237],"disease,":[21],"usually":[22],"paraneoplastic,":[23],"with":[24,45,48,65,83,98,115,131,136,142,169,181,226],"poor":[25,166],"prognosis.":[26,53],"Recent":[27],"findings":[28],"of":[29,43,69,101,150,187,211,215,229,235],"membrane-surface":[30],"directed":[31],"antibodies,":[32,38],"including":[33],"anti-VGKC":[34,160,188],"(Voltage-Gated":[35],"Potassium":[36],"Channels)":[37],"showed":[39],"substantial":[41],"proportion":[42],"cases":[44],"no":[46],"association":[47],"any":[49],"malignancy":[50],"better":[52],"A":[54],"56-year-old":[55],"woman":[56],"was":[57,91,111,164,201],"admitted":[58,92],"the":[60,95,212,222],"ward":[62,97],"in":[63],"Nov/2007,":[64],"acute":[67,99],"onset":[68,100],"psychomotor":[70],"retardation":[71],"agitation":[73,106],"periods,":[74],"apathy":[75],"nihilistic":[77],"symptoms.":[78],"She":[79],"improved":[80],"very":[81],"slowly":[82],"lorazepam,":[84],"clomipramine":[85],"quetiapine.":[87],"In":[88,197],"Jun/2014,":[89],"she":[90,178],"again":[93],"intense":[102],"headache,":[103],"confusion,":[104],"insomnia,":[105],"prejudice":[108],"ideas.":[109],"There":[110],"clinical":[113,183,192],"deterioration":[114],"mnesic":[116],"deficits,":[117],"catatonic":[118],"stupor,":[119],"autonomic":[120],"dysfunction":[121],"seizures.":[123],"Complementary":[124],"exams":[125],"revealed:":[126],"ESR>120mm;":[127],"hyponatraemia;":[128],"acelular":[129],"CSF":[130],"slightly":[132],"elevated":[133],"protein;":[134],"EEG":[135],"slow":[137],"base":[138],"activity;":[139],"Brain":[140],"MRI":[141],"diffuse":[143],"cortical":[144],"atrophy":[145],"multiples":[147],"subcortical":[148],"hyperintensities":[149],"frontoparietal":[151],"regions":[152],"on":[153],"FLAIR":[154],"T2":[156],"sequences;":[157],"positive":[159],"antibodies.":[161],"Initially":[162],"there":[163,200],"transitory":[167],"improvement":[168,193,205],"high-dose":[170],"steroids":[171],"intravenous":[173],"immunoglobulins.":[174],"After":[175],"5":[176],"months,":[177],"did":[179],"plasmapheresis":[180],"relevant":[182],"improvement.":[184],"About":[185],"80%":[186],"patients":[190],"have":[191],"following":[194],"prompt":[195,227],"treatment.":[196,220],"this":[198,236],"case,":[199],"not":[202],"as":[203,206],"good":[204,223],"initially":[207],"expected":[208],"probably":[209],"because":[210],"prolonged":[213],"duration":[214],"disease":[216],"prior":[217],"effective":[219],"Given":[221],"prognostic":[224],"outcome":[225],"initiation":[228],"immunotherapy,":[230],"early":[231],"recognition":[232],"diagnosis":[234],"neuropsychiatric":[238],"syndrome":[239],"crucial.":[241]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2021,"cited_by_count":1}],"updated_date":"2026-11-04T10:54:05.112534","created_date":"2016-06-24T00:00:00"}