{"id":"https://openalex.org/W2396074025","doi":null,"title":"Clostridium difficile and its cytotoxin in hospitalized children with acute diarrhea.","display_name":"Clostridium difficile and its cytotoxin in hospitalized children with acute diarrhea.","publication_year":1991,"publication_date":"1991-10-01","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W2396074025","mag":"2396074025","pmid":"https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/1797664"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"pmid:1797664","doi":null,"is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/1797664","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306525036","display_name":"PubMed","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I1299303238","host_organization_name":"National Institutes of Health","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1299303238"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Indian pediatrics","raw_type":"Journal Article"},"volume":null,"type":"article","is_traditional":true,"indexed_in":["pubmed"],"open_access":{"is_oa":false,"oa_status":"closed","oa_url":null,"any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5113023814","display_name":"S K Niyogi","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210101909","display_name":"National Institute of Cholera and Enteric Diseases","ror":"https://ror.org/018azgd14","country_code":"IN","type":"facility","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I37048141","https://openalex.org/I4210101909"]}],"countries":["IN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"S K Niyogi","raw_affiliation_strings":["Division of Microbiology and Clinical Medicine, National Institute of Cholera and Enteric Diseases, Calcutta"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Division of Microbiology and Clinical Medicine, National Institute of Cholera and Enteric Diseases, Calcutta","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210101909"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5110280617","display_name":"P Dutta","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[],"countries":[],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"P Dutta","raw_affiliation_strings":[],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5066109126","display_name":"D Dutta","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9587-3338","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9587-3338"]},"institutions":[],"countries":[],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"D Dutta","raw_affiliation_strings":[],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5049462884","display_name":"U Mitra","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7927-6875","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7927-6875"]},"institutions":[],"countries":[],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"U Mitra","raw_affiliation_strings":[],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5111903752","display_name":"Sohini Sikdar","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8780-4543","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8780-4543"]},"institutions":[],"countries":[],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"S Sikdar","raw_affiliation_strings":[],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":1,"corresponding_author_ids":[],"corresponding_institution_ids":[],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":0.3502,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":13,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.5901502,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":87,"max":96},"biblio":{"volume":"28","issue":"10","first_page":"1129","last_page":"32"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11288","display_name":"Clostridium difficile and Clostridium perfringens research","score":1.0,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2725","display_name":"Infectious Diseases"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/27","display_name":"Medicine"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/4","display_name":"Health Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11288","display_name":"Clostridium difficile and Clostridium perfringens research","score":1.0,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2725","display_name":"Infectious Diseases"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/27","display_name":"Medicine"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/4","display_name":"Health Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10066","display_name":"Gut microbiota and health","score":0.0,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1312","display_name":"Molecular Biology"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/13","display_name":"Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/1","display_name":"Life Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T12167","display_name":"Bacterial Identification and Susceptibility Testing","score":0.0,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2726","display_name":"Microbiology (medical)"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/27","display_name":"Medicine"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/4","display_name":"Health Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/clostridioides-difficile","display_name":"Clostridium difficile","score":1.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/toxin-a","display_name":"toxin A","score":0.7110000252723694},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/acute-diarrhea","display_name":"acute diarrhea","score":0.7919999957084656},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/hospitalized-children","display_name":"hospitalized children","score":0.9020000100135803},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/childhood-diarrhea","display_name":"childhood diarrhea","score":0.6119999885559082},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/fecal-carriage","display_name":"fecal carriage","score":0.8080000281333923},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/infants","display_name":"infants","score":0.5460000038146973},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/antibiotic-therapy","display_name":"antibiotic therapy","score":0.40299999713897705},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/nosocomial-infections","display_name":"nosocomial infections","score":0.6840000152587891}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C71924100","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11190","display_name":"Medicine","level":0,"score":0.9077334403991699},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2779802037","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q40878","display_name":"Diarrhea","level":2,"score":0.8879002332687378},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2994496256","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q27031090","display_name":"Clostridium difficile","level":3,"score":0.8566679954528809},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C3019834005","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q156103","display_name":"Acute diarrhea","level":3,"score":0.7252784371376038},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C61716771","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q496","display_name":"Feces","level":2,"score":0.5743919610977173},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C501593827","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q12187","display_name":"Antibiotics","level":2,"score":0.5558369159698486},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C126322002","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11180","display_name":"Internal medicine","level":1,"score":0.5185726284980774},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2779915187","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q574891","display_name":"Antibiotic-associated diarrhea","level":4,"score":0.4923957586288452},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C89423630","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7193","display_name":"Microbiology","level":1,"score":0.4756952226161957},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2776460866","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q170065","display_name":"Pathogen","level":2,"score":0.44012168049812317},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2775941552","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q25212305","display_name":"Isolation (microbiology)","level":2,"score":0.4179079532623291},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C187212893","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q123028","display_name":"Pediatrics","level":1,"score":0.3809813857078552},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C90924648","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q120569","display_name":"Gastroenterology","level":1,"score":0.3313360810279846},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C203014093","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q101929","display_name":"Immunology","level":1,"score":0.2654382586479187},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C86803240","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q420","display_name":"Biology","level":0,"score":0.05866619944572449}],"mesh":[{"descriptor_ui":"D000208","descriptor_name":"Acute Disease","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D000293","descriptor_name":"Adolescent","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D000367","descriptor_name":"Age Factors","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D001426","descriptor_name":"Bacterial Proteins","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D001427","descriptor_name":"Bacterial Toxins","qualifier_ui":"Q000032","qualifier_name":"analysis","is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D002648","descriptor_name":"Child","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D002675","descriptor_name":"Child, Preschool","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D003603","descriptor_name":"Cytotoxins","qualifier_ui":"Q000032","qualifier_name":"analysis","is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D003967","descriptor_name":"Diarrhea","qualifier_ui":"Q000382","qualifier_name":"microbiology","is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D003967","descriptor_name":"Diarrhea","qualifier_ui":"Q000453","qualifier_name":"epidemiology","is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D005243","descriptor_name":"Feces","qualifier_ui":"Q000382","qualifier_name":"microbiology","is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D006776","descriptor_name":"Hospitals, Pediatric","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D006801","descriptor_name":"Humans","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D007194","descriptor_name":"India","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D007223","descriptor_name":"Infant","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D007231","descriptor_name":"Infant, Newborn","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D016360","descriptor_name":"Clostridioides difficile","qualifier_ui":"Q000302","qualifier_name":"isolation & purification","is_major_topic":true}],"locations_count":2,"locations":[{"id":"pmid:1797664","doi":null,"is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/1797664","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306525036","display_name":"PubMed","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I1299303238","host_organization_name":"National Institutes of Health","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1299303238"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Indian pediatrics","raw_type":"Journal Article"},{"id":"mag:2396074025","doi":null,"is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/1797664","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306525036","display_name":"PubMed","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I1299303238","host_organization_name":"National Institutes of Health","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1299303238"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":null,"is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"PubMed","raw_type":null}],"best_oa_location":null,"sustainable_development_goals":[{"display_name":"Good health and well-being","score":1.0,"id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/3"}],"study_designs":[{"display_name":"Observational Study","id":"https://openalex.org/study-designs/observational-study"}],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"pdf":false,"grobid_xml":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":3,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W1916725939","https://openalex.org/W2029114326","https://openalex.org/W2331725203"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W2050737558","https://openalex.org/W2057675459","https://openalex.org/W1939315579","https://openalex.org/W2035282030","https://openalex.org/W2168365098","https://openalex.org/W2075321389","https://openalex.org/W7099340308","https://openalex.org/W1973339029","https://openalex.org/W1975801691","https://openalex.org/W2183225328"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"A":[0],"total":[1],"of":[2,23,42,62,94,105,108,114],"498":[3],"children,":[4],"aged":[5],"0-14":[6],"years,":[7],"admitted":[8],"at":[9],"the":[10,21,30,33,63,73],"B.C.":[11],"Roy":[12],"Memorial":[13],"Hospital":[14],"for":[15,20],"Children,":[16],"Calcutta,":[17],"were":[18],"investigated":[19],"occurrence":[22],"Clostridium":[24],"difficile":[25,47,69,96],"and":[26,51],"its":[27],"cytotoxin.":[28],"Of":[29],"children":[31,44,81,101],"in":[32,48,52,57,100],"investigation,":[34],"369":[35],"suffered":[36],"from":[37,84],"acute":[38,66,85],"diarrhea.":[39],"Only":[40],"8.4%":[41],"these":[43,109],"had":[45,111],"C.":[46,68,91,95],"fecal":[49],"samples":[50],"vitro":[53],"cytotoxin":[54],"was":[55,70,97],"demonstrated":[56],"7%.":[58],"In":[59,76],"27":[60],"(7.3%)":[61],"patients":[64,110],"with":[65],"diarrhea":[67],"isolated":[71],"as":[72],"only":[74,87],"pathogen.":[75],"contrast,":[77],"among":[78],"129":[79],"control":[80],"not":[82],"suffering":[83],"diarrhea,":[86],"4":[88],"(3.1%)":[89],"harboured":[90],"difficile.":[92],"Isolation":[93],"significantly":[98],"higher":[99],"under":[102],"one":[103],"year":[104],"age.":[106],"None":[107],"any":[112],"history":[113],"prior":[115],"antibiotic":[116],"therapy.":[117]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2022,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2021,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2018,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2015,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2014,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2013,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2012,"cited_by_count":1}],"updated_date":"2026-11-04T10:54:05.112534","created_date":"2016-06-24T00:00:00"}