{"id":"https://openalex.org/W2392045628","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.gendis.2016.04.007","title":"Temozolomide resistance in glioblastoma multiforme","display_name":"Temozolomide resistance in glioblastoma multiforme","publication_year":2016,"publication_date":"2016-05-11","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W2392045628","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.gendis.2016.04.007","mag":"2392045628","pmid":"https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/30258889","pmcid":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/6150109"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1016/j.gendis.2016.04.007","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.gendis.2016.04.007","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.gendis.2016.04.007","pdf_url":"https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2352304216300162/pdf","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S2764642421","display_name":"Genes & Diseases","issn_l":"2352-3042","issn":["2352-3042","2352-4820"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"listed_in":["cwts-core","doaj","dongbi-c","ki-jl-1","norway-1","oarl","poland-140","russia-white-list-1","vabb-shw"],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310320990","host_organization_name":"Elsevier BV","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310320990"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Elsevier BV"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by-nc-nd","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by-nc-nd","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Genes &amp; Diseases","raw_type":"journal-article"},"volume":null,"type":"review","is_traditional":true,"indexed_in":["crossref","doaj","pubmed"],"open_access":{"is_oa":true,"oa_status":"gold","oa_url":"https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2352304216300162/pdf","any_repository_has_fulltext":true},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5100711475","display_name":"Sang Yong Lee","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3911-8316","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3911-8316"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I130769515","display_name":"Pennsylvania State University","ror":"https://ror.org/04p491231","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I130769515"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Sang Y. Lee","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Neurosurgery, The Pennsylvania State University College of Medicine, Hershey, PA 17033, USA"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Neurosurgery, The Pennsylvania State University College of Medicine, Hershey, PA 17033, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I130769515"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":1,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5100711475"],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I130769515"],"apc_list":{"value":2500,"currency":"USD","value_usd":2500},"apc_paid":{"value":2500,"currency":"USD","value_usd":2500},"fwci":4.3669,"has_fulltext":true,"cited_by_count":1168,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.97515924,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":true},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":89,"max":100},"biblio":{"volume":"3","issue":"3","first_page":"198","last_page":"210"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10129","display_name":"Glioma Diagnosis and Treatment","score":0.9984999895095825,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2730","display_name":"Oncology"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/27","display_name":"Medicine"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/4","display_name":"Health Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10129","display_name":"Glioma Diagnosis and Treatment","score":0.9984999895095825,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2730","display_name":"Oncology"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/27","display_name":"Medicine"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/4","display_name":"Health Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10123","display_name":"DNA Repair Mechanisms","score":0.0003000000142492354,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1312","display_name":"Molecular Biology"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/13","display_name":"Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/1","display_name":"Life Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11914","display_name":"PARP inhibition in cancer therapy","score":0.0003000000142492354,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2730","display_name":"Oncology"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/27","display_name":"Medicine"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/4","display_name":"Health Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/temozolomide-resistance","display_name":"temozolomide resistance","score":0.9860000014305115},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/glioblastoma","display_name":"glioblastoma","score":1.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/o6-methylguanine-methyltransferase","display_name":"O6-methylguanine methyltransferase","score":0.9589999914169312},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/dna-repair","display_name":"DNA repair","score":0.734000027179718},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/alkylating-agents","display_name":"alkylating agents","score":0.8289999961853027},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/acquired-drug-resistance","display_name":"acquired drug resistance","score":0.6589999794960022},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/intrinsic-resistance","display_name":"intrinsic resistance","score":0.7269999980926514},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/adaptive-resistance","display_name":"adaptive resistance","score":0.625},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/gbm-cell-lines","display_name":"GBM cell lines","score":0.7940000295639038},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/treatment-strategy","display_name":"treatment options","score":0.652999997138977}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2777389519","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q425088","display_name":"Temozolomide","level":3,"score":0.9876313209533691},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2776194525","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q282142","display_name":"Glioblastoma","level":2,"score":0.7731528282165527},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C91965660","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q415875","display_name":"Methyltransferase","level":4,"score":0.6360769867897034},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C502942594","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3421914","display_name":"Cancer research","level":1,"score":0.6018250584602356},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2779527866","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21118735","display_name":"O-6-methylguanine-DNA methyltransferase","level":5,"score":0.5122398734092712},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C134935766","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q210538","display_name":"DNA repair","level":3,"score":0.4810914695262909},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C81885089","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q189082","display_name":"Cell culture","level":2,"score":0.4795927107334137},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C71924100","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11190","display_name":"Medicine","level":0,"score":0.4325270354747772},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C86803240","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q420","display_name":"Biology","level":0,"score":0.3075944185256958},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C552990157","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7430","display_name":"DNA","level":2,"score":0.20106029510498047},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C54355233","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7162","display_name":"Genetics","level":1,"score":0.09656161069869995},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C33288867","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q518328","display_name":"Methylation","level":3,"score":0.07091331481933594}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":4,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1016/j.gendis.2016.04.007","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.gendis.2016.04.007","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.gendis.2016.04.007","pdf_url":"https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2352304216300162/pdf","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S2764642421","display_name":"Genes & Diseases","issn_l":"2352-3042","issn":["2352-3042","2352-4820"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"listed_in":["cwts-core","doaj","dongbi-c","ki-jl-1","norway-1","oarl","poland-140","russia-white-list-1","vabb-shw"],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310320990","host_organization_name":"Elsevier BV","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310320990"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Elsevier BV"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by-nc-nd","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by-nc-nd","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Genes &amp; Diseases","raw_type":"journal-article"},{"id":"pmh:oai:europepmc.org:5102810","doi":null,"is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"http://europepmc.org/pmc/articles/PMC6150109","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306400806","display_name":"Europe PMC (PubMed Central)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I1303153112","host_organization_name":"European Bioinformatics Institute","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1303153112"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":"cc-by-nc-nd","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by-nc-nd","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"","raw_type":"Text"},{"id":"pmh:oai:pubmedcentral.nih.gov:6150109","doi":null,"is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/6150109","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S2764455111","display_name":"PubMed Central","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I1299303238","host_organization_name":"National Institutes of Health","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1299303238"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":"cc-by-nc-nd","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by-nc-nd","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Genes Dis","raw_type":"Text"},{"id":"pmid:30258889","doi":null,"is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/30258889","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306525036","display_name":"PubMed","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I1299303238","host_organization_name":"National Institutes of Health","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1299303238"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Genes & diseases","raw_type":"Journal Article"}],"best_oa_location":{"id":"doi:10.1016/j.gendis.2016.04.007","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.gendis.2016.04.007","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.gendis.2016.04.007","pdf_url":"https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2352304216300162/pdf","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S2764642421","display_name":"Genes & Diseases","issn_l":"2352-3042","issn":["2352-3042","2352-4820"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"listed_in":["cwts-core","doaj","dongbi-c","ki-jl-1","norway-1","oarl","poland-140","russia-white-list-1","vabb-shw"],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310320990","host_organization_name":"Elsevier BV","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310320990"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Elsevier BV"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by-nc-nd","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by-nc-nd","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Genes &amp; Diseases","raw_type":"journal-article"},"sustainable_development_goals":[{"display_name":"Good health and well-being","id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/3","score":0.9391000270843506}],"study_designs":[],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"pdf":true,"grobid_xml":true},"content_urls":{"pdf":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W2392045628.pdf","grobid_xml":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W2392045628.grobid-xml"},"referenced_works_count":55,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W594331189","https://openalex.org/W1144254266","https://openalex.org/W1528791634","https://openalex.org/W1602252590","https://openalex.org/W1817360198","https://openalex.org/W1839482807","https://openalex.org/W1882634342","https://openalex.org/W1917632054","https://openalex.org/W1965157625","https://openalex.org/W1968601707","https://openalex.org/W1980195588","https://openalex.org/W1985412276","https://openalex.org/W2000647702","https://openalex.org/W2012416511","https://openalex.org/W2015917516","https://openalex.org/W2024800021","https://openalex.org/W2028265989","https://openalex.org/W2031461112","https://openalex.org/W2034869089","https://openalex.org/W2045866254","https://openalex.org/W2048043668","https://openalex.org/W2049606715","https://openalex.org/W2064647593","https://openalex.org/W2073139940","https://openalex.org/W2073947429","https://openalex.org/W2074167295","https://openalex.org/W2079786467","https://openalex.org/W2087904586","https://openalex.org/W2096287682","https://openalex.org/W2096915758","https://openalex.org/W2098688060","https://openalex.org/W2101364134","https://openalex.org/W2102839088","https://openalex.org/W2105711862","https://openalex.org/W2110275053","https://openalex.org/W2121585125","https://openalex.org/W2122998798","https://openalex.org/W2123602693","https://openalex.org/W2123730023","https://openalex.org/W2131981377","https://openalex.org/W2135830946","https://openalex.org/W2138800281","https://openalex.org/W2143095128","https://openalex.org/W2143109770","https://openalex.org/W2145743086","https://openalex.org/W2151896963","https://openalex.org/W2156114133","https://openalex.org/W2156636883","https://openalex.org/W2157027442","https://openalex.org/W2158751879","https://openalex.org/W2164762451","https://openalex.org/W2167414381","https://openalex.org/W2257580565","https://openalex.org/W2264385870","https://openalex.org/W6636121040"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W3195630950","https://openalex.org/W7134111286","https://openalex.org/W2887953261","https://openalex.org/W2202848214","https://openalex.org/W7116423336","https://openalex.org/W2953449255","https://openalex.org/W3109004754","https://openalex.org/W2019154144","https://openalex.org/W4362713455","https://openalex.org/W3031557282"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"Temozolomide":[0],"(TMZ)":[1],"is":[2,29],"an":[3],"oral":[4],"alkylating":[5],"agent":[6],"used":[7],"to":[8,26,32,57,78],"treat":[9],"glioblastoma":[10],"multiforme":[11],"(GBM)":[12],"and":[13,62,85,96,112,119],"astrocytomas.":[14],"However,":[15,91],"at":[16],"least":[17],"50%":[18],"of":[19,35,43,82,88,94,114],"TMZ":[20,59,65,83,98,115,121,133],"treated":[21],"patients":[22],"do":[23],"not":[24,103],"respond":[25],"TMZ.":[27],"This":[28,107],"due":[30],"primarily":[31],"the":[33,80,86,92,110],"over-expression":[34],"O":[36],"6":[37],"-methylguanine":[38],"methyltransferase":[39],"(MGMT)":[40],"and/or":[41],"lack":[42],"a":[44],"DNA":[45],"repair":[46],"pathway":[47],"in":[48,75,117],"GBM":[49,52,67,100,123],"cells.":[50],"Multiple":[51],"cell":[53,68,124],"lines":[54,69],"are":[55],"known":[56],"contain":[58],"resistant":[60,66,99,122,134],"cells":[61,101],"several":[63],"acquired":[64],"have":[70,102],"been":[71,104],"developed":[72],"for":[73,132],"use":[74],"experiments":[76],"designed":[77],"define":[79],"mechanism":[81],"resistance":[84,116],"testing":[87],"potential":[89,129],"therapeutics.":[90],"characteristics":[93,111],"intrinsic":[95],"adaptive":[97],"systemically":[105],"compared.":[106],"article":[108],"reviews":[109],"mechanisms":[113],"natural":[118],"adapted":[120],"lines.":[125],"It":[126],"also":[127],"summarizes":[128],"treatment":[130],"options":[131],"GBMs.":[135]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2026,"cited_by_count":94},{"year":2025,"cited_by_count":142},{"year":2024,"cited_by_count":150},{"year":2023,"cited_by_count":158},{"year":2022,"cited_by_count":168},{"year":2021,"cited_by_count":211},{"year":2020,"cited_by_count":120},{"year":2019,"cited_by_count":65},{"year":2018,"cited_by_count":44},{"year":2017,"cited_by_count":14},{"year":2014,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2012,"cited_by_count":1}],"updated_date":"2026-11-04T10:54:05.112534","created_date":"2016-06-24T00:00:00"}
