{"id":"https://openalex.org/W237557347","doi":null,"title":"Purple Murex Dye in Antiquity","display_name":"Purple Murex Dye in Antiquity","publication_year":2013,"publication_date":"2013-12-01","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W237557347","mag":"237557347"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"pmh:oai:skemman.is:1946/16925","doi":null,"is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"http://hdl.handle.net/1946/16925","pdf_url":"http://hdl.handle.net/1946/16925","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4377196131","display_name":"Skemman","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":null,"host_organization_name":null,"host_organization_lineage":[],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"","raw_type":"Thesis"},"volume":null,"type":"dissertation","is_traditional":true,"indexed_in":[],"open_access":{"is_oa":true,"oa_status":"green","oa_url":"http://hdl.handle.net/1946/16925","any_repository_has_fulltext":true},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5057806282","display_name":"Marianne Guckelsberger","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[],"countries":[],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Marianne Guckelsberger","raw_affiliation_strings":[],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":0,"institutions_distinct_count":0,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5057806282"],"corresponding_institution_ids":[],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":null,"has_fulltext":true,"cited_by_count":4,"citation_normalized_percentile":null,"cited_by_percentile_year":null,"biblio":{"volume":null,"issue":null,"first_page":null,"last_page":null},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11212","display_name":"Cultural Heritage Materials Analysis","score":0.490200012922287,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1204","display_name":"Archeology (arts and humanities)"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/12","display_name":"Arts and Humanities"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11212","display_name":"Cultural Heritage Materials Analysis","score":0.490200012922287,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1204","display_name":"Archeology (arts and humanities)"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/12","display_name":"Arts and Humanities"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T13068","display_name":"Ancient Mediterranean Archaeology and History","score":0.28439998626708984,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1204","display_name":"Archeology (arts and humanities)"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/12","display_name":"Arts and Humanities"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10165","display_name":"Classical Antiquity Studies","score":0.10499999672174454,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1205","display_name":"Classics"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/12","display_name":"Arts and Humanities"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/purple-dye","display_name":"purple dye","score":0.8619999885559082},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/muricidae","display_name":"Muricidae","score":0.7480000257492065},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/tyrian-purple","display_name":"Tyrian purple","score":0.9350000023841858},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/bolinus-brandaris","display_name":"Bolinus brandaris","score":0.9399999976158142},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/hexaplex-trunculus","display_name":"Hexaplex trunculus","score":0.9660000205039978},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/stramonita-haemastoma","display_name":"Stramonita haemastoma","score":0.996999979019165},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/nucella-lapillus","display_name":"Nucella lapillus","score":0.9890000224113464},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/manuscript-illumination","display_name":"manuscript illumination","score":0.7020000219345093},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/bede","display_name":"Bede","score":0.5609999895095825},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/aegean-bronze-age","display_name":"Aegean Bronze Age","score":0.7369999885559082},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/pliny","display_name":"Pliny","score":0.5379999876022339}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C177264268","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1514741","display_name":"Set (abstract data type)","level":2,"score":0.28698602318763733},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.2662566900253296},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C199360897","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q9143","display_name":"Programming language","level":1,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":3,"locations":[{"id":"pmh:oai:skemman.is:1946/16925","doi":null,"is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"http://hdl.handle.net/1946/16925","pdf_url":"http://hdl.handle.net/1946/16925","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4377196131","display_name":"Skemman","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":null,"host_organization_name":null,"host_organization_lineage":[],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"","raw_type":"Thesis"},{"id":"pmh:oai:CiteSeerX.psu:10.1.1.942.9782","doi":null,"is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"http://citeseerx.ist.psu.edu/viewdoc/summary?doi=10.1.1.942.9782","pdf_url":null,"source":null,"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"http://skemman.is/stream/get/1946/16925/39209/1/Purple_Murex_Dye_in_Antiquity.pdf","raw_type":"text"},{"id":"mag:237557347","doi":null,"is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://skemman.is/bitstream/1946/16925/1/Purple%20Murex%20Dye%20in%20Antiquity.pdf","pdf_url":null,"source":null,"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":null,"is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":null,"raw_type":null}],"best_oa_location":{"id":"pmh:oai:skemman.is:1946/16925","doi":null,"is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"http://hdl.handle.net/1946/16925","pdf_url":"http://hdl.handle.net/1946/16925","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4377196131","display_name":"Skemman","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":null,"host_organization_name":null,"host_organization_lineage":[],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"","raw_type":"Thesis"},"sustainable_development_goals":[],"study_designs":[],"awards":[],"funders":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320320671","display_name":"National Research Foundation","ror":"https://ror.org/05s0g1g46"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320320943","display_name":"Danmarks Grundforskningsfond","ror":"https://ror.org/00znyv691"}],"has_content":{"grobid_xml":true,"pdf":true},"content_urls":{"pdf":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W237557347.pdf","grobid_xml":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W237557347.grobid-xml"},"referenced_works_count":33,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W264419445","https://openalex.org/W431538144","https://openalex.org/W613563487","https://openalex.org/W1526878706","https://openalex.org/W1571379135","https://openalex.org/W2006563739","https://openalex.org/W2015696216","https://openalex.org/W2026318831","https://openalex.org/W2060940189","https://openalex.org/W2075829467","https://openalex.org/W2077080900","https://openalex.org/W2098842220","https://openalex.org/W2115247054","https://openalex.org/W2136506391","https://openalex.org/W2143292283","https://openalex.org/W2144853446","https://openalex.org/W2158711025","https://openalex.org/W2235067805","https://openalex.org/W2299561827","https://openalex.org/W2314179379","https://openalex.org/W2324841773","https://openalex.org/W2466631048","https://openalex.org/W2471285215","https://openalex.org/W2507692506","https://openalex.org/W2550517438","https://openalex.org/W2797827252","https://openalex.org/W2801848033","https://openalex.org/W2942657494","https://openalex.org/W2970245111","https://openalex.org/W3009477698","https://openalex.org/W3127684998","https://openalex.org/W3182539982","https://openalex.org/W4235065603"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W2587050977","https://openalex.org/W2466631048","https://openalex.org/W2481328858","https://openalex.org/W2259606507","https://openalex.org/W7003765685","https://openalex.org/W7014404615","https://openalex.org/W6925689370","https://openalex.org/W3002554785","https://openalex.org/W2050217422","https://openalex.org/W7171814611"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"Of":[0],"all":[1,346],"colours":[2],"in":[3,55,145,259,281,283,299],"antiquity":[4],"the":[5,9,21,40,48,62,67,81,92,101,113,120,123,126,157,166,176,182,194,222,225,235,251,254,267,271,284,292,300,309,316,324,340,347],"colour":[6,255,344],"purple":[7,138,256,327],"was":[8,96,257,297,318,328],"most":[10,41,341],"valued.":[11],"Purple":[12,30],"dyes":[13],"are":[14],"obtained":[15],"from":[16,31,266],"several":[17],"marine":[18],"shellfish":[19],"of":[20,52,58,85,100,122,137,139,171,175,179,184,190,193,204,221,230,262,270,286,315,339],"Muricidae":[22],"and":[23,36,50,71,128,135,168,207,275,358],"Thaisidae":[24],"families,":[25],"but":[26],"Tyrian":[27],"or":[28,227],"Royal":[29],"Bolinus":[32],"brandaris,":[33],"Hexaplex":[34],"trunculus,":[35],"Stramonita":[37],"haemastoma":[38],"were":[39,129,198],"highly":[42],"prized.":[43],"\\nThis":[44],"paper":[45,244],"will":[46],"outline":[47],"development":[49],"significance":[51],"murex":[53,108,287],"purple-dyeing":[54,77,109,310],"various":[56,133],"periods":[57],"history,":[59],"beginning":[60],"with":[61,73,246,312,345],"earliest":[63,105],"archaeological":[64,276],"evidence":[65,106],"during":[66,156],"Aegean":[68],"Bronze":[69,115],"Age":[70],"ending":[72],"an":[74,247],"outlook":[75,248],"to":[76,91,112,131,303,355],"alternatives":[78],"used":[79,298],"by":[80,148,201,208,234,334],"Anglo-Saxons.":[82],"\\nThe":[83,243],"technology":[84],"purple-dye":[86,268],"production":[87],"is":[88,181],"usually":[89],"accredited":[90],"Minoans":[93],"where":[94,160],"it":[95,161],"a":[97,142,153,188,202,260,320],"vital":[98],"part":[99,261],"palace":[102],"economy.":[103],"The":[104,117,335],"for":[107,165,224,253,326],"though":[110,308],"dates":[111],"Mediterranean":[114],"Age.":[116],"Phoenicians":[118],"along":[119],"coast":[121],"Levant":[124],"perfected":[125],"art":[127],"able":[130],"produce":[132],"grades":[134],"shades":[136],"legendary":[140],"quality,":[141],"process":[143],"described":[144],"some":[146],"detail":[147],"Pliny.":[149],"\\nPurple":[150],"took":[151],"on":[152,214,249,319],"new":[154],"dimension":[155],"Roman":[158],"Empire,":[159],"now":[162],"became":[163],"reserved":[164],"emperors":[167],"upper":[169],"classes":[170],"society.":[172],"An":[173],"example":[174],"ceremonial":[177],"display":[178],"power":[180],"performance":[183],"adoratio":[185],"purpurae":[186],"as":[187,232,330],"sign":[189],"formalized":[191],"worship":[192],"Emperor.":[195],"Class":[196],"distinctions":[197],"rigidly":[199],"enforced":[200],"succession":[203],"sumptuary":[205],"laws":[206],"economic":[209],"measures":[210],"like":[211],"Diocletian\u2019s":[212],"Edict":[213],"Maximum":[215],"Prices.":[216],"Two":[217],"historically":[218],"attested":[219],"examples":[220],"consequences":[223],"real":[226],"alleged":[228],"use":[229],"purple,":[231],"related":[233],"historian":[236],"Ammianus":[237],"Marcellinus,":[238],"round":[239],"up":[240],"this":[241],"chapter.":[242],"ends":[245],"how":[250],"quest":[252],"pursued":[258],"Europe":[263],"far":[264],"away":[265],"centres":[269],"Mediterranean.":[272],"From":[273],"written":[274],"sources":[277],"we":[278,331],"learn":[279],"that":[280,349],"Ireland,":[282],"absence":[285],"snails,":[288],"its":[289],"northern":[290],"cousin":[291],"dog":[293,313],"whelk,":[294],"nucella":[295],"lapillus,":[296],"eigth":[301],"century":[302],"illuminate":[304],"parchment":[305],"manuscripts.":[306],"Even":[307],"industry":[311],"whelk":[314],"Anglo-Saxons":[317],"small":[321],"scale":[322],"only,":[323],"esteem":[325],"undiminished,":[329],"can":[332],"see":[333],"Venerable":[336],"Bede\u2019s":[337],"praise":[338],"beautiful":[342],"red":[343],"properties":[348],"dyers":[350],"dream":[351],"of,":[352],"i.e.":[353],"resistance":[354],"light,":[356],"water":[357],"ageing.":[359]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2025,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2024,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2017,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2016,"cited_by_count":1}],"updated_date":"2026-11-04T10:54:05.112534","created_date":"2016-06-24T00:00:00"}
