{"id":"https://openalex.org/W2374489241","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.eurpsy.2016.01.1246","title":"The other 25%: Autistic girls and women","display_name":"The other 25%: Autistic girls and women","publication_year":2016,"publication_date":"2016-03-01","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W2374489241","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.eurpsy.2016.01.1246","mag":"2374489241"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1016/j.eurpsy.2016.01.1246","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.eurpsy.2016.01.1246","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.eurpsy.2016.01.1246","pdf_url":"https://www.cambridge.org/core/services/aop-cambridge-core/content/view/D1AF9A5DC2578C2FBA8AA4E15DD2C892/S0924933800230538a.pdf/div-class-title-the-other-25-autistic-girls-and-women-div.pdf","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S87202501","display_name":"European Psychiatry","issn_l":"0924-9338","issn":["0924-9338","1778-3585"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"listed_in":["anvur-scientific","cwts-core","doaj","dongbi-c","doyens","jufo-2","ki-jl-2","medline","norway-2","oarl","poland-100","russia-white-list-1","vabb-shw"],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310311721","host_organization_name":"Cambridge University Press","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310311721","https://openalex.org/P4310311702"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Cambridge University Press","University of Cambridge"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"European Psychiatry","raw_type":"journal-article"},"volume":null,"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref","doaj"],"open_access":{"is_oa":true,"oa_status":"bronze","oa_url":"https://www.cambridge.org/core/services/aop-cambridge-core/content/view/D1AF9A5DC2578C2FBA8AA4E15DD2C892/S0924933800230538a.pdf/div-class-title-the-other-25-autistic-girls-and-women-div.pdf","any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5106497970","display_name":"Michael Gill","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0206-5337","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0206-5337"]},"institutions":[],"countries":[],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"M. Gill","raw_affiliation_strings":["Madera, USAMadera, USA"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Madera, USAMadera, USA","institution_ids":[]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":0,"institutions_distinct_count":0,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5106497970"],"corresponding_institution_ids":[],"apc_list":{"value":3300,"currency":"USD","value_usd":3300},"apc_paid":null,"fwci":0.0,"has_fulltext":true,"cited_by_count":0,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.02916934,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":null,"biblio":{"volume":"33","issue":"S1","first_page":"S351","last_page":"S352"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10106","display_name":"Autism Spectrum Disorder Research","score":0.9994999766349792,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2805","display_name":"Cognitive Neuroscience"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/28","display_name":"Neuroscience"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/1","display_name":"Life Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10106","display_name":"Autism Spectrum Disorder Research","score":0.9994999766349792,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2805","display_name":"Cognitive Neuroscience"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/28","display_name":"Neuroscience"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/1","display_name":"Life Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T13393","display_name":"Child Nutrition and Feeding Issues","score":9.999999747378752e-05,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2738","display_name":"Psychiatry and Mental health"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/27","display_name":"Medicine"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/4","display_name":"Health Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11772","display_name":"Genetics and Neurodevelopmental Disorders","score":0.0,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1311","display_name":"Genetics"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/13","display_name":"Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/1","display_name":"Life Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/autism-spectrum-disorder","display_name":"autism spectrum disorder","score":0.996999979019165},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/gender-differences-in-diagnosis","display_name":"gender differences in diagnosis","score":0.8029999732971191},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/underdiagnosis","display_name":"underdiagnosis","score":0.8040000200271606},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/delayed-diagnosis","display_name":"delayed diagnosis","score":0.6710000038146973},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/gender-bias-in-diagnosis","display_name":"gender bias in diagnosis","score":0.4959999918937683},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/symptom-masking","display_name":"symptom masking","score":0.4819999933242798},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/sex-ratio","display_name":"sex ratio","score":0.33899998664855957}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2778538070","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1436063","display_name":"Autism spectrum disorder","level":3,"score":0.7438260316848755},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C15744967","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q9418","display_name":"Psychology","level":0,"score":0.6420649886131287},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C205778803","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q38404","display_name":"Autism","level":2,"score":0.5776365995407104},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C70410870","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q199906","display_name":"Clinical psychology","level":1,"score":0.5111308693885803},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C109359841","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q728944","display_name":"Inclusion (mineral)","level":2,"score":0.4957831799983978},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C138496976","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q175002","display_name":"Developmental psychology","level":1,"score":0.4944314956665039},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C118552586","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7867","display_name":"Psychiatry","level":1,"score":0.462772011756897},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2777601897","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3409113","display_name":"Presentation (obstetrics)","level":2,"score":0.4190618395805359},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C71924100","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11190","display_name":"Medicine","level":0,"score":0.25776708126068115},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C77805123","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q161272","display_name":"Social psychology","level":1,"score":0.08134499192237854},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C126838900","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q77604","display_name":"Radiology","level":1,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":1,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1016/j.eurpsy.2016.01.1246","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.eurpsy.2016.01.1246","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.eurpsy.2016.01.1246","pdf_url":"https://www.cambridge.org/core/services/aop-cambridge-core/content/view/D1AF9A5DC2578C2FBA8AA4E15DD2C892/S0924933800230538a.pdf/div-class-title-the-other-25-autistic-girls-and-women-div.pdf","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S87202501","display_name":"European Psychiatry","issn_l":"0924-9338","issn":["0924-9338","1778-3585"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"listed_in":["anvur-scientific","cwts-core","doaj","dongbi-c","doyens","jufo-2","ki-jl-2","medline","norway-2","oarl","poland-100","russia-white-list-1","vabb-shw"],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310311721","host_organization_name":"Cambridge University Press","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310311721","https://openalex.org/P4310311702"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Cambridge University Press","University of Cambridge"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"European Psychiatry","raw_type":"journal-article"}],"best_oa_location":{"id":"doi:10.1016/j.eurpsy.2016.01.1246","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.eurpsy.2016.01.1246","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.eurpsy.2016.01.1246","pdf_url":"https://www.cambridge.org/core/services/aop-cambridge-core/content/view/D1AF9A5DC2578C2FBA8AA4E15DD2C892/S0924933800230538a.pdf/div-class-title-the-other-25-autistic-girls-and-women-div.pdf","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S87202501","display_name":"European Psychiatry","issn_l":"0924-9338","issn":["0924-9338","1778-3585"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"listed_in":["anvur-scientific","cwts-core","doaj","dongbi-c","doyens","jufo-2","ki-jl-2","medline","norway-2","oarl","poland-100","russia-white-list-1","vabb-shw"],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310311721","host_organization_name":"Cambridge University Press","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310311721","https://openalex.org/P4310311702"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Cambridge University Press","University of Cambridge"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"European Psychiatry","raw_type":"journal-article"},"sustainable_development_goals":[{"score":0.9476000070571899,"id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/3","display_name":"Good health and well-being"},{"score":0.8974000215530396,"id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/10","display_name":"Reduced inequalities"},{"score":0.7307999730110168,"id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/5","display_name":"Gender equality"}],"study_designs":[],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"grobid_xml":true,"pdf":true},"content_urls":{"pdf":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W2374489241.pdf","grobid_xml":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W2374489241.grobid-xml"},"referenced_works_count":0,"referenced_works":[],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W7209747929","https://openalex.org/W7118192277","https://openalex.org/W4414111217","https://openalex.org/W2014169114","https://openalex.org/W4225656395","https://openalex.org/W7213628217","https://openalex.org/W7038031755","https://openalex.org/W2888232445","https://openalex.org/W6962579342","https://openalex.org/W4409137129"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"Autism":[0],"spectrum":[1,222,241],"disorder":[2,8,112,180,203],"(ASD)":[3],"is":[4,35,73,160,168,208],"a":[5,91,118,171,209],"pervasive":[6],"developmental":[7],"characterized":[9],"by":[10],"impairments":[11],"in":[12,31,40,57,76,85,113,158,181,204,223,242],"social":[13],"and":[14,98,136,164,194,217,226,245],"communicative":[15],"abilities,":[16],"along":[17],"with":[18],"the":[19,28,32,36,41,46,58,86,95,99,111,179,202,220,239],"presence":[20],"of":[21,27,60,88,110,121,154,201,236,250,259],"ritualistic":[22],"and/or":[23],"repetitive":[24],"behaviors.":[25],"One":[26],"under-researched":[29],"areas":[30],"ASD":[33,72,157],"literature":[34],"large":[37,119],"gender":[38,122],"difference":[39,84],"diagnosis":[42],"rates.":[43],"On":[44],"average,":[45],"male":[47],"to":[48,55,70,90,141,144,196,211,214],"female":[49],"ratio":[50],"stands":[51],"at":[52,101],"4.3:1,":[53],"increasing":[54],"9:1":[56],"absence":[59],"comorbid":[61],"intellectual":[62],"impairment.":[63],"It":[64,167],"has":[65],"been":[66],"evidenced":[67],"that":[68],"compared":[69],"boys,":[71],"diagnosed":[74],"later":[75],"cognitively":[77,114],"able":[78,115],"girls,":[79],"despite":[80],"there":[81,207,229],"being":[82],"no":[83],"number":[87],"visits":[89],"health-care":[92],"professional":[93],"during":[94],"diagnostic":[96],"process":[97],"age":[100],"which":[102,174],"parents":[103],"first":[104],"express":[105],"concern.":[106],"The":[107,151,252],"suboptimal":[108],"identification":[109],"girls":[116,159,216],"causes":[117],"magnitude":[120],"discrepancy.":[123],"These":[124],"statistics":[125],"may":[126,132,137,186],"not":[127,176,255],"be":[128,138,231],"accurate":[129],"since":[130],"females":[131,237],"camouflage":[133],"their":[134,142,146,257],"difficulties":[135],"undetected":[139],"due":[140],"ability":[143],"disguise":[145],"symptoms":[147],"better":[148],"than":[149],"males.":[150],"other":[152,246],"hypothesis":[153],"under":[155],"diagnosing":[156],"how":[161],"we":[162],"quantify":[163],"diagnose":[165],"it.":[166],"based":[169],"on":[170,219,234,238],"male-centric":[172],"presentation,":[173],"does":[175],"accurately":[177],"reflect":[178],"girls.":[182,205],"Altogether,":[183],"these":[184],"differences":[185],"make":[187],"it":[188],"more":[189],"challenging":[190],"for":[191],"medical":[192],"professionals":[193],"clinicians":[195],"identify":[197],"potential":[198],"early":[199],"signs":[200],"Hence,":[206],"need":[210],"develop":[212],"programs":[213],"mentor":[215],"women":[218],"autism":[221,240],"schools,":[224],"colleges":[225],"industry.":[227],"And":[228],"should":[230],"an":[232],"insistence":[233],"inclusion":[235],"pharmacological":[243],"research":[244,247],"projects.":[248],"Disclosure":[249],"interest":[251],"authors":[253],"have":[254],"supplied":[256],"declaration":[258],"competing":[260],"interest.":[261]},"counts_by_year":[],"updated_date":"2026-08-24T07:32:12.397491","created_date":"2016-06-24T00:00:00"}