{"id":"https://openalex.org/W2369697477","doi":null,"title":"Toxicological Comparison between Defatted Croton Seed Powder and Two Fermentation Products of Fructus Crotonis","display_name":"Toxicological Comparison between Defatted Croton Seed Powder and Two Fermentation Products of Fructus Crotonis","publication_year":2011,"publication_date":"2011-01-01","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W2369697477","mag":"2369697477"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"mag:2369697477","doi":null,"is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"http://en.cnki.com.cn/Article_en/CJFDTOTAL-WXQG201105030.htm","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306515582","display_name":"Journal of Food Science and Biotechnology","issn_l":"1673-1689","issn":["1673-1689"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":["poland-20"],"host_organization":null,"host_organization_name":null,"host_organization_lineage":[],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":null,"is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"Journal of Food Science and Biotechnology","raw_type":null},"volume":null,"type":"article","is_traditional":true,"indexed_in":[],"open_access":{"is_oa":false,"oa_status":"closed","oa_url":null,"any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5091729113","display_name":"Yaping Jiang","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3370-0348","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3370-0348"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I131434179","display_name":"Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine","ror":"https://ror.org/04523zj19","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I131434179"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Yaping Jiang","raw_affiliation_strings":["College of Pharmacy, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing 210029 (China)"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3370-0348","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"College of Pharmacy, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing 210029 (China)","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I131434179"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":1,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5091729113"],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I131434179"],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":0.0,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":4,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.28171578,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":88,"max":94},"biblio":{"volume":null,"issue":null,"first_page":null,"last_page":null},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T13095","display_name":"Plant-based Medicinal Research","score":0.6772000193595886,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3004","display_name":"Pharmacology"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/30","display_name":"Pharmacology, Toxicology and Pharmaceutics"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/1","display_name":"Life Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T13095","display_name":"Plant-based Medicinal Research","score":0.6772000193595886,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3004","display_name":"Pharmacology"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/30","display_name":"Pharmacology, Toxicology and Pharmaceutics"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/1","display_name":"Life Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11709","display_name":"Traditional Chinese Medicine Analysis","score":0.21940000355243683,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2707","display_name":"Complementary and alternative medicine"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/27","display_name":"Medicine"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/4","display_name":"Health Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T12657","display_name":"Phytochemistry Medicinal Plant Applications","score":0.03840000182390213,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1110","display_name":"Plant Science"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/11","display_name":"Agricultural and Biological Sciences"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/1","display_name":"Life Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/croton-tiglium","display_name":"Croton tiglium","score":0.9950000047683716},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/acute-oral-toxicity","display_name":"acute oral toxicity","score":0.6990000009536743},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/median-lethal-dose","display_name":"median lethal dose","score":0.8700000047683716},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/ear-edema","display_name":"ear edema","score":0.5740000009536743},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/hemolysis","display_name":"hemolysis","score":0.8389999866485596},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/sterilization","display_name":"sterilization","score":0.4339999854564667},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/solid-state-fermentation","display_name":"solid-state fermentation","score":0.6949999928474426},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/ganoderma-lucidum","display_name":"Ganoderma lucidum","score":0.9829999804496765},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/beauveria-bassiana","display_name":"Beauveria bassiana","score":1.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/processed-herbal-medicine","display_name":"processed herbal medicine","score":0.5759999752044678},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/toxicity-reduction","display_name":"toxicity reduction","score":0.5580000281333923}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C100544194","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q41760","display_name":"Fermentation","level":2,"score":0.6064215302467346},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C206139338","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q192355","display_name":"Raw material","level":2,"score":0.5609230995178223},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2778261524","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q519802","display_name":"Croton","level":2,"score":0.5418137311935425},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C31903555","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1637030","display_name":"Food science","level":1,"score":0.5253374576568604},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C185592680","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2329","display_name":"Chemistry","level":0,"score":0.49518266320228577},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2780589914","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q10675206","display_name":"Ingredient","level":2,"score":0.49413397908210754},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2778093475","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q9715","display_name":"Semen","level":2,"score":0.4809502959251404},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C556039675","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q771035","display_name":"Traditional medicine","level":1,"score":0.43542999029159546},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C86803240","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q420","display_name":"Biology","level":0,"score":0.34791630506515503},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C59822182","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q441","display_name":"Botany","level":1,"score":0.34527385234832764},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C71924100","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11190","display_name":"Medicine","level":0,"score":0.0951235294342041},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C54355233","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7162","display_name":"Genetics","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C178790620","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11351","display_name":"Organic chemistry","level":1,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":1,"locations":[{"id":"mag:2369697477","doi":null,"is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"http://en.cnki.com.cn/Article_en/CJFDTOTAL-WXQG201105030.htm","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306515582","display_name":"Journal of Food Science and Biotechnology","issn_l":"1673-1689","issn":["1673-1689"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":["poland-20"],"host_organization":null,"host_organization_name":null,"host_organization_lineage":[],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":null,"is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"Journal of Food Science and Biotechnology","raw_type":null}],"best_oa_location":null,"sustainable_development_goals":[{"display_name":"Zero hunger","id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/2","score":0.6735000014305115},{"display_name":"Good health and well-being","id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/3","score":0.504800021648407}],"study_designs":[],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"grobid_xml":false,"pdf":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":0,"referenced_works":[],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W4408435356","https://openalex.org/W4413222568","https://openalex.org/W2512871186","https://openalex.org/W1955356108","https://openalex.org/W2359761849","https://openalex.org/W3201085863","https://openalex.org/W1976009518","https://openalex.org/W2010841546","https://openalex.org/W2096444298","https://openalex.org/W2567218496"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"In":[0],"order":[1,79],"to":[2,124,126,173,178],"compare":[3],"the":[4,49,81,112,137,157,160,183,217,220,232,236],"toxic":[5],"potency":[6],"between":[7],"processed":[8,222],"and":[9,20,40,48,60,65,107,115,120,149,163,167,187,204,208,223],"fermentation":[10,51,237],"products":[11,52,238],"of":[12,53,80,85,156,219,231,239],"Croton":[13,225],"tiglium,the":[14],"acute":[15],"oral":[16],"toxicity,inflammation":[17],"causing":[18],"effect":[19],"hematocytolysis":[21],"were":[22],"observed":[23],"among":[24],"raw":[25,108,140,184,188],"Semen":[26,29],"crotonis(seed":[27],"kernel),sterilized":[28],"crotonis,raw":[30],"Fructus":[31,34,54,240],"crotonis(whole":[32],"fruit),sterilized":[33],"crotonis,Testa":[35],"et":[36],"pericarpium":[37],"crotonis(fruit":[38],"shell":[39,114,162,203],"seed":[41,46,98,101,109,116,141,143,152,164,185,195,200,205],"coat),Semen":[42],"crotonis":[43,55,241],"pulveratum(defatted":[44],"croton":[45,97,151,199],"powder)":[47],"two":[50],"solid-fermented":[56],"by":[57,72],"Ganoderma":[58],"lucidum":[59],"Beauveria":[61],"bassiana(called":[62],"Lingba":[63,88],"Junzhi":[64,67,89,166,207,210],"Baiba":[66,168,209],"in":[68,181],"Chinese,respectively).After":[69],"being":[70],"administrated":[71],"i.g.once":[73],"or":[74],"many":[75],"times":[76],"one":[77],"day,the":[78],"median":[82],"lethal":[83],"dose(LD50)":[84],"mice":[86,127],"was":[87,118,128],"as(1.541":[90],"g/kg),Baiba":[91],"Junzhi(1.495":[92],"g/kg),sterilized":[93,100],"whole":[94,104,145,147,189,197],"fruit(0.894":[95],"g/kg),defatted":[96],"powder(0.787":[99],"kernel(0.728":[102],"g/k),raw":[103],"fruit(0.38":[105],"g/kg)":[106],"kernel(0.308":[110],"g/kg).While":[111],"fruit":[113,148,161,190,202],"coat":[117],"low-toxic":[119],"its":[121],"maximum":[122],"dosage":[123],"infuse":[125],"about":[129],"12.5":[130],"g/kg.When":[131],"applying":[132],"their":[133,170],"ether":[134],"extracts":[135,172],"on":[136],"mouse":[138,158],"ears,the":[139],"kernel,sterilized":[142,196],"kernel,raw":[144],"fruit,sterilized":[146],"defatted":[150],"powder":[153,201],"induced":[154],"swelling(inflammation)":[155],"ears;but":[159],"coat,Lingba":[165,206],"Junzhi.Adding":[169],"saline":[171],"2%":[174],"rabbit":[175],"erythrocyte":[176],"suspension":[177],"investigate":[179],"hemolysis":[180],"vitro,only":[182],"kernel":[186],"caused":[191],"obvious":[192],"hemolysis;the":[193],"sterilized":[194],"fruit,defatted":[198],"didn't.The":[211],"experimental":[212],"results":[213],"have":[214],"shown":[215],"that":[216,230],"toxicity":[218],"both":[221],"fermented":[224],"tiglium":[226],"are":[227],"lower":[228,245],"than":[229],"original":[233],"crude":[234],"drug,and":[235],"exhibited":[242],"a":[243],"much":[244],"toxicity.":[246]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2024,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2021,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2020,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2015,"cited_by_count":1}],"updated_date":"2026-07-28T07:46:37.118299","created_date":"2016-06-24T00:00:00"}
