{"id":"https://openalex.org/W236076271","doi":null,"title":"Alcohol and susceptibility to tuberculosis","display_name":"Alcohol and susceptibility to tuberculosis","publication_year":1997,"publication_date":"1997-01-01","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W236076271","mag":"236076271"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"mag:236076271","doi":null,"is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://www.questia.com/library/journal/1P3-13589672/alcohol-and-susceptibility-to-tuberculosis","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S20790815","display_name":"Alcohol Research & Health","issn_l":"1535-7414","issn":["1535-7414"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"listed_in":["cwts-core","dongbi-b","poland-140"],"host_organization":null,"host_organization_name":null,"host_organization_lineage":[],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":null,"is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"Alcohol Research & Health","raw_type":null},"volume":null,"type":"article","is_traditional":true,"indexed_in":[],"open_access":{"is_oa":false,"oa_status":"closed","oa_url":null,"any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5006482005","display_name":"Gy\u00f6ngyi Szab\u00f3","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0836-2527","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0836-2527"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I101202996","display_name":"Semmelweis University","ror":"https://ror.org/01g9ty582","country_code":"HU","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I101202996"]}],"countries":["HU"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Gy\u00f6ngyi Szab\u00f3","raw_affiliation_strings":["Semmelweis University"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0836-2527","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Semmelweis University","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I101202996"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":1,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5006482005"],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I101202996"],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":0.0,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":13,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.02773023,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":87,"max":93},"biblio":{"volume":"21","issue":"1","first_page":"39","last_page":"41"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10038","display_name":"Tuberculosis Research and Epidemiology","score":0.9994999766349792,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2725","display_name":"Infectious Diseases"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/27","display_name":"Medicine"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/4","display_name":"Health Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10038","display_name":"Tuberculosis Research and Epidemiology","score":0.9994999766349792,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2725","display_name":"Infectious Diseases"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/27","display_name":"Medicine"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/4","display_name":"Health Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11381","display_name":"Infectious Diseases and Tuberculosis","score":9.999999747378752e-05,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2725","display_name":"Infectious Diseases"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/27","display_name":"Medicine"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/4","display_name":"Health Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11207","display_name":"Alcohol Consumption and Health Effects","score":9.999999747378752e-05,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2734","display_name":"Pathology and Forensic Medicine"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/27","display_name":"Medicine"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/4","display_name":"Health Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/tuberculosis","display_name":"tuberculosis","score":0.6840000152587891},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/alcoholism","display_name":"alcoholism","score":0.984000027179718},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/mycobacterium-tuberculosis","display_name":"Mycobacterium tuberculosis","score":0.8690000176429749},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/cell-mediated-immunity","display_name":"cell-mediated immunity","score":0.9079999923706055},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/immunosuppression","display_name":"immunosuppression","score":0.47600001096725464},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/latent-tuberculosis-reactivation","display_name":"latent tuberculosis reactivation","score":0.843999981880188},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/pulmonary-tuberculosis","display_name":"pulmonary tuberculosis","score":0.6549999713897705},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/alcohol-consumption","display_name":"alcohol consumption","score":0.3319999873638153},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/hiv-infection","display_name":"HIV infection","score":0.3499999940395355},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/homeless-people","display_name":"homeless people","score":0.3709999918937683},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/low-income-housing","display_name":"low-income housing","score":0.5669999718666077},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/tuberculosis-transmission","display_name":"tuberculosis transmission","score":0.33500000834465027},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/alcoholic-liver-disease","display_name":"alcoholic liver disease","score":0.3840000033378601},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/malnutrition","display_name":"malnutrition","score":0.8539999723434448},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/tuberculosis-prevention","display_name":"tuberculosis prevention","score":0.3370000123977661}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2781069245","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q12204","display_name":"Tuberculosis","level":2,"score":0.8346883058547974},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C71924100","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11190","display_name":"Medicine","level":0,"score":0.71491539478302},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2777975735","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q130971","display_name":"Mycobacterium tuberculosis","level":3,"score":0.6973477005958557},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C203014093","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q101929","display_name":"Immunology","level":1,"score":0.5869081020355225},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2778329809","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q17583","display_name":"Miliary tuberculosis","level":3,"score":0.5843086838722229},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2908647359","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2625603","display_name":"Population","level":2,"score":0.5492909550666809},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C22070199","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q192995","display_name":"Vaccination","level":2,"score":0.48917415738105774},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C8891405","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1059","display_name":"Immune system","level":2,"score":0.48792192339897156},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2779134260","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q12136","display_name":"Disease","level":2,"score":0.48575595021247864},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C524204448","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q788926","display_name":"Infectious disease (medical specialty)","level":3,"score":0.4751339256763458},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2779341262","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q182581","display_name":"Immunity","level":3,"score":0.4505119025707245},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C142724271","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7208","display_name":"Pathology","level":1,"score":0.18010494112968445},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C99454951","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q932068","display_name":"Environmental health","level":1,"score":0.1546764373779297}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":1,"locations":[{"id":"mag:236076271","doi":null,"is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://www.questia.com/library/journal/1P3-13589672/alcohol-and-susceptibility-to-tuberculosis","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S20790815","display_name":"Alcohol Research & Health","issn_l":"1535-7414","issn":["1535-7414"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"listed_in":["cwts-core","dongbi-b","poland-140"],"host_organization":null,"host_organization_name":null,"host_organization_lineage":[],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":null,"is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"Alcohol Research & Health","raw_type":null}],"best_oa_location":null,"sustainable_development_goals":[{"score":1.0,"id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/3","display_name":"Good health and well-being"}],"study_designs":[],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"grobid_xml":false,"pdf":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":0,"referenced_works":[],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W4221086850","https://openalex.org/W2436848664","https://openalex.org/W2620326372","https://openalex.org/W3215025703","https://openalex.org/W3017708669","https://openalex.org/W2993219406","https://openalex.org/W3013492724","https://openalex.org/W7097682079","https://openalex.org/W2182663277","https://openalex.org/W2397102290"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"Worldwide,":[0],"tuberculosis":[1,61,207,277,313,434],"(TB)":[2],"is":[3,25,52,179,246,271,497,509,529],"the":[4,20,35,63,73,76,82,102,138,143,170,243,267,294,308,343,388,401,422,429,445,460,474,500,530,546,560],"leading":[5],"cause":[6],"of":[7,78,157,172,193,242,274,296,311,371,404,459,478,493,517,532],"death":[8],"from":[9,137],"a":[10,28,112,200,360,470,554],"single":[11],"infectious":[12],"agent":[13,21],"(Flynn":[14,262,374,536],"and":[15,70,94,116,140,205,231,234,263,322,331,375,391,435,469,483,515,522,537],"Bloom":[16,264,376,538],"1996).":[17,265,377,539],"Mycobacterium":[18],"tuberculosis,":[19,250],"responsible":[22,399],"for":[23,400,512],"TB,":[24],"transmitted":[26],"when":[27,133],"person":[29],"inhales":[30],"microscopic":[31],"airborne":[32],"particles":[33],"containing":[34],"organism":[36],"(i.e.,":[37,68,130,327,467,489],"droplet":[38],"nuclei)":[39],"coughed":[40],"up":[41],"by":[42,85,409,486],"someone":[43],"with":[44,108,159,190,248,286,349,353,395,545],"active":[45,109,298,364],"TB":[46,110,119,149,166,178,214,365,415,535],"disease,":[47],"although":[48],"prolonged":[49],"exposure":[50],"usually":[51],"necessary":[53],"before":[54],"an":[55,287,565],"infection":[56,129,215,314,366],"becomes":[57],"established.":[58],"Initially":[59],"M.":[60,249,276,312,433,520],"attacks":[62],"lung,":[64],"where":[65],"immune":[66,92,269,289,345,424,541,566],"cells":[67,135,543],"macrophages":[69,86,321],"lymphocytes)":[71],"battle":[72],"infection.":[74],"In":[75,300],"absence":[77],"adequate":[79],"immunity,":[80,340],"however,":[81,291,382],"bacteria":[83],"ingested":[84],"continue":[87],"to":[88,154,213,229,232,319,363,414,443,534,551],"multiply":[89],"within":[90],"these":[91,494],"cells,":[93],"characteristic":[95],"lesions":[96],"called":[97],"tubercles":[98],"eventually":[99],"form":[100],"in":[101,182,278,316,428,499,557],"lungs.":[103],"Among":[104],"other":[105,350,523],"symptoms,":[106],"people":[107,413],"develop":[111,126],"bloody":[113],"cough,":[114],"fatigue,":[115],"difficulty":[117],"breathing.":[118],"can":[120,225,292],"affect":[121],"any":[122],"organ":[123],"system":[124,270,425,542],"or":[125,223,259,283,387],"into":[127],"systemic":[128],"miliary":[131],"TB)":[132],"infected":[134,247],"spread":[136],"lungs":[139],"disseminate":[141],"through":[142,453],"bloodstream.":[144],"No":[145],"effective":[146],"vaccination":[147],"against":[148,324,432],"currently":[150],"exists,":[151],"but":[152],"6":[153],"9":[155],"months":[156],"treatment":[158],"multiple":[160,450],"antituberculous":[161],"drugs":[162],"will":[163,255],"cure":[164],"most":[165,279],"patients":[167],"who":[168,220],"complete":[169],"course":[171],"therapy.":[173],"Sociological":[174],"studies":[175,196,304],"show":[176],"that":[177,307,462,502,548,563],"more":[180],"prevalent":[181],"low-income,":[183],"densely":[184],"populated":[185],"housing":[186],"areas-settings":[187],"often":[188,393],"associated":[189,285,352,394],"high":[191],"rates":[192],"alcoholism.'":[194],"Numerous":[195],"also":[197],"have":[198,305,417],"noted":[199],"direct":[201],"association":[202],"between":[203,473],"alcoholism":[204,396],"pulmonary":[206],"(Jacobson":[208],"1992).":[209],"Such":[210],"apparent":[211],"susceptibility":[212,362],"among":[216],"alcoholics,":[217],"especially":[218],"those":[219],"are":[221,397],"homeless":[222],"indigent,":[224],"be":[226],"attributed":[227],"both":[228],"biological":[230],"social":[233],"behavioral":[235],"factors.":[236],"Biological":[237],"Factors":[238],"Although":[239],"approximately":[240],"one-third":[241],"world's":[244],"population":[245],"only":[251],"about":[252],"10":[253],"percent":[254],"experience":[256],"either":[257],"acute":[258],"reactivated":[260],"disease":[261,373],"Clearly,":[266],"body's":[268,309,344,430,446],"quite":[272],"capable":[273],"controlling":[275],"cases.":[280],"Any":[281],"illness":[282],"condition":[284],"impaired":[288,354,402,454],"system,":[290],"increase":[293],"likelihood":[295],"developing":[297],"TB.":[299],"particular,":[301],"numerous":[302],"animal":[303],"confirmed":[306],"control":[310],"resides":[315],"its":[317],"ability":[318],"mobilize":[320],"lymphocytes":[323],"invading":[325],"organisms":[326],"cell-mediated":[328,339,355,481],"immunity)":[329],"(Dunlap":[330],"Briles":[332],"1993).":[333],"Because":[334],"alcohol":[335,384,411],"use":[336,439],"significantly":[337],"inhibits":[338],"it":[341],"compromises":[342],"defense.":[346],"Thus,":[347,526],"alcoholism-along":[348],"diseases":[351],"immunity":[356,403,482,484],"(e.g.,":[357],"HIV":[358],"infection)-increases":[359],"person's":[361],"as":[367,369,464],"well":[368],"reactivation":[370],"latent":[372],"Researchers":[378],"do":[379],"not":[380],"know,":[381],"whether":[383],"consumption":[385],"itself":[386],"liver":[389],"damage":[390],"malnutrition":[392],"primarily":[398],"alcoholics.":[405],"Investigators":[406],"studying":[407],"mechanisms":[408],"which":[410],"predisposes":[412],"recently":[416],"focused":[418],"special":[419],"attention":[420],"on":[421,449],"specific":[423],"components":[426],"participating":[427],"defense":[431,448],"related":[436],"mycobacteria.":[437],"Alcohol":[438],"has":[440],"been":[441],"found":[442],"hinder":[444],"antimycobacterial":[447],"levels,":[451],"including":[452],"macrophage":[455,527],"response,":[456],"altered":[457],"levels":[458],"proteins":[461],"act":[463],"intercellular":[465],"mediators":[466],"cytokines),":[468],"disturbed":[471],"balance":[472],"two":[475],"basic":[476],"types":[477],"acquired":[479],"immunity:":[480],"provided":[485],"circulating":[487],"antibodies":[488],"humoral":[490],"immunity).":[491],"Each":[492],"interrelated":[495],"consequences":[496],"discussed":[498],"sections":[501],"follow.":[503],"Impaired":[504],"Macrophage":[505,507],"Response.":[506],"activation":[508],"considered":[510],"essential":[511],"local":[513],"containment":[514],"destruction":[516],"mycobacteria":[518],"(including":[519],"tuberculosis)":[521],"invasive":[524],"microorganisms.":[525],"activity":[528],"hallmark":[531],"resistance":[533],"These":[540],"(along":[544],"monocytes":[547],"give":[549],"rise":[550],"them)":[552],"play":[553],"key":[555],"role":[556],"directly":[558],"presenting":[559],"chemical":[561],"identifiers":[562],"stimulate":[564],"response":[567],"(i.":[568],"\u2026":[569]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2023,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2021,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2017,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2016,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2014,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2013,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2012,"cited_by_count":1}],"updated_date":"2026-11-08T12:12:28.789561","created_date":"2016-06-24T00:00:00"}
