{"id":"https://openalex.org/W2356094400","doi":null,"title":"Preemptive epidural morphine combined with lornoxicam or tramadol for postoperative intravenous analgesia","display_name":"Preemptive epidural morphine combined with lornoxicam or tramadol for postoperative intravenous analgesia","publication_year":2005,"publication_date":"2005-01-01","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W2356094400","mag":"2356094400"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"mag:2356094400","doi":null,"is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"http://en.cnki.com.cn/Article_en/CJFDTOTAL-TTXZ200504008.htm","pdf_url":null,"source":null,"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":null,"is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":null,"raw_type":null},"volume":null,"type":"article","is_traditional":true,"indexed_in":[],"open_access":{"is_oa":false,"oa_status":"closed","oa_url":null,"any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5100450020","display_name":"Zhijun Li","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1825-3781","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1825-3781"]},"institutions":[],"countries":[],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Zhijun Li","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Anesthesiology, Guang Zhou Iron and Steel Enterprise Holdings Ltd"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Anesthesiology, Guang Zhou Iron and Steel Enterprise Holdings Ltd","institution_ids":[]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":0,"institutions_distinct_count":0,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5100450020"],"corresponding_institution_ids":[],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":0.0,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":0,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.0,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":null,"biblio":{"volume":null,"issue":null,"first_page":null,"last_page":null},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10189","display_name":"Anesthesia and Pain Management","score":0.9937000274658203,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2703","display_name":"Anesthesiology and Pain Medicine"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/27","display_name":"Medicine"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/4","display_name":"Health Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10189","display_name":"Anesthesia and Pain Management","score":0.9937000274658203,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2703","display_name":"Anesthesiology and Pain Medicine"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/27","display_name":"Medicine"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/4","display_name":"Health Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11199","display_name":"Pain Management and Opioid Use","score":0.005499999970197678,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2703","display_name":"Anesthesiology and Pain Medicine"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/27","display_name":"Medicine"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/4","display_name":"Health Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11905","display_name":"Veterinary Pharmacology and Anesthesia","score":9.999999747378752e-05,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3404","display_name":"Small Animals"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/34","display_name":"Veterinary"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/4","display_name":"Health Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/preemptive-analgesia","display_name":"preemptive analgesia","score":0.9010000228881836},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/epidural-morphine","display_name":"epidural morphine","score":0.9879999756813049},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/lornoxicam","display_name":"lornoxicam","score":0.9919999837875366},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/tramadol","display_name":"tramadol","score":0.996999979019165},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/postoperative-analgesia","display_name":"postoperative analgesia","score":0.9470000267028809},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/continuous-intravenous-infusion","display_name":"continuous intravenous infusion","score":0.9020000100135803},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/epidural-anesthesia","display_name":"epidural anesthesia","score":0.7860000133514404},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/combined-spinal-epidural-anesthesia","display_name":"combined spinal-epidural anesthesia","score":0.9190000295639038},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/postoperative-nausea-and-vomiting","display_name":"postoperative nausea and vomiting","score":0.7940000295639038},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/analgesic-efficacy-and-safety","display_name":"analgesic efficacy and safety","score":0.6669999957084656}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2779040406","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2734874","display_name":"Lornoxicam","level":3,"score":0.9075731039047241},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2779777798","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q407592","display_name":"Tramadol","level":3,"score":0.880776584148407},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C71924100","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11190","display_name":"Medicine","level":0,"score":0.8700758218765259},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C42219234","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q131130","display_name":"Anesthesia","level":1,"score":0.8530958294868469},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2777389121","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q81225","display_name":"Morphine","level":2,"score":0.6290133595466614},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C43376680","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q6580786","display_name":"Bolus (digestion)","level":2,"score":0.5847980976104736},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2780820201","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q173235","display_name":"Analgesic","level":2,"score":0.5512590408325195},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2777953023","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1073121","display_name":"Heart rate","level":3,"score":0.5501629710197449},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C84393581","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q82642","display_name":"Blood pressure","level":2,"score":0.5294641852378845},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2780852908","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q127076","display_name":"Vomiting","level":2,"score":0.518629252910614},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2780580376","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q186889","display_name":"Nausea","level":2,"score":0.49224653840065},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C8213797","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q754250","display_name":"Respiratory rate","level":4,"score":0.4751826822757721},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C141071460","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q40821","display_name":"Surgery","level":1,"score":0.3290107548236847},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C126322002","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11180","display_name":"Internal medicine","level":1,"score":0.07015341520309448}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":1,"locations":[{"id":"mag:2356094400","doi":null,"is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"http://en.cnki.com.cn/Article_en/CJFDTOTAL-TTXZ200504008.htm","pdf_url":null,"source":null,"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":null,"is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":null,"raw_type":null}],"best_oa_location":null,"sustainable_development_goals":[{"display_name":"Good health and well-being","id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/3","score":1.0}],"study_designs":[{"display_name":"Randomized Controlled Trial","id":"https://openalex.org/study-designs/randomized-controlled-trial"},{"display_name":"Clinical Trial","id":"https://openalex.org/study-designs/clinical-trial"}],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"grobid_xml":false,"pdf":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":0,"referenced_works":[],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W2074242474","https://openalex.org/W2389999617","https://openalex.org/W2356435575","https://openalex.org/W2946239454","https://openalex.org/W1955129159","https://openalex.org/W2371965832","https://openalex.org/W2528851578","https://openalex.org/W2395935336","https://openalex.org/W2093004568","https://openalex.org/W2354613170"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"Objective":[0],"To":[1],"evaluate":[2],"the":[3,75,100,114],"postoperative":[4,183],"analgesic":[5],"efficacy":[6],"and":[7,38,64,99,108,146,154,176],"safety":[8],"of":[9,48,77,171,180],"preemptive":[10],"epi-dual":[11],"morphine":[12,49,165],"combined":[13,27],"with":[14,41,167],"lornoxicam":[15,36,79,123,172],"or":[16,26,83],"tramodol.":[17],"Methods":[18],"44":[19],"patients":[20],"ASA":[21],"\u2160-\u2162":[22],"under":[23],"epidural":[24,58,164],"anesthesia":[25],"spinal-epidural":[28],"anethesia":[29],"were":[30,97,111],"randomly":[31],"divided":[32],"into":[33,57],"two":[34,160],"groups:":[35],"group":[37,40,124,129],"tramadol":[39,84,128,141,181],"22":[42],"cases":[43],"in":[44,52,113,122,127,159],"each.":[45],"Single":[46],"bolus":[47],"1-2":[50],"mg":[51],"normal":[53],"saline":[54],"was":[55,87,119],"injected":[56],"space":[59],"after":[60],"local":[61],"anesthetic":[62],"administration":[63],"before":[65,74],"skin":[66],"incision.":[67],"In":[68],"all":[69],"patients,":[70],"at":[71,130],"30":[72],"min":[73],"end":[76],"surgery,":[78],"0.6":[80],"mg/(2ml":[81],"\u00b7h)":[82],"16.6":[85],"mg/(2ml\u00b7h)":[86],"given":[88],"via":[89],"continuous":[90,168],"intravenous":[91,169],"infusion.":[92],"Visual":[93],"analog":[94],"scales":[95],"(VAS)":[96],"assessed":[98],"side":[101],"effects,":[102],"heart":[103,151],"rate,":[104,152],"blood":[105],"pressure,":[106,150],"SpO2,":[107,153],"respiratory":[109,155],"rate":[110,156],"recorded":[112],"same":[115],"time.":[116],"Results":[117],"VAS":[118],"significantly":[120],"lower":[121],"than":[125,140,178],"that":[126,179],"12,":[131],"48":[132],"h":[133],"postoperatively(P0.05,P0.01).":[134],"Lornoxicam":[135],"caused":[136],"fewer":[137],"adverse":[138],"effects":[139],"such":[142],"as":[143],"nausea,":[144],"vomiting":[145],"lethargy":[147],"(P0.01).":[148],"Blood":[149],"remained":[157],"stable":[158],"groups.":[161],"Conclusion":[162],"Preemptive":[163],"combinted":[166],"infusion":[170],"is":[173],"more":[174],"effective":[175],"safe":[177],"for":[182],"analgesia.":[184]},"counts_by_year":[],"updated_date":"2026-09-27T08:07:27.782135","created_date":"2016-06-24T00:00:00"}