{"id":"https://openalex.org/W2346273638","doi":null,"title":"Examining the Relationship Between Training Environment and Muscle Dysmorphia Symptoms","display_name":"Examining the Relationship Between Training Environment and Muscle Dysmorphia Symptoms","publication_year":2016,"publication_date":"2016-01-01","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W2346273638","mag":"2346273638"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"pmh:oai:digitalcommons.wku.edu:theses-2597","doi":null,"is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://digitalcommons.wku.edu/theses/1596","pdf_url":"https://digitalcommons.wku.edu/theses/1596","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4377196460","display_name":"TopSCHOLAR (Western Kentucky University)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I94339441","host_organization_name":"Western Kentucky University","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I94339441"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"Masters Theses & Specialist Projects","raw_type":"text"},"volume":null,"type":"dissertation","is_traditional":true,"indexed_in":[],"open_access":{"is_oa":true,"oa_status":"green","oa_url":"https://digitalcommons.wku.edu/theses/1596","any_repository_has_fulltext":true},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5036929791","display_name":"Michelle F Bubnis","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I94339441","display_name":"Western Kentucky University","ror":"https://ror.org/0446vnd56","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I94339441"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Michelle F Bubnis","raw_affiliation_strings":["[Western Kentucky University]"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"[Western Kentucky University]","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I94339441"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":1,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5036929791"],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I94339441"],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":null,"has_fulltext":true,"cited_by_count":0,"citation_normalized_percentile":null,"cited_by_percentile_year":null,"biblio":{"volume":null,"issue":null,"first_page":null,"last_page":null},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T12663","display_name":"Body Image and Dysmorphia Studies","score":0.9980000257492065,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3203","display_name":"Clinical Psychology"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/32","display_name":"Psychology"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T12663","display_name":"Body Image and Dysmorphia Studies","score":0.9980000257492065,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3203","display_name":"Clinical Psychology"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/32","display_name":"Psychology"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10853","display_name":"Anxiety, Depression, Psychometrics, Treatment, Cognitive Processes","score":0.0005000000237487257,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3205","display_name":"Experimental and Cognitive Psychology"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/32","display_name":"Psychology"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10263","display_name":"Eating Disorders and Behaviors","score":0.00019999999494757503,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3203","display_name":"Clinical Psychology"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/32","display_name":"Psychology"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/muscle-dysmorphia","display_name":"muscle dysmorphia","score":0.9980000257492065},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/training-environment","display_name":"training environment","score":0.9319999814033508},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/high-intensity-functional-training","display_name":"high-intensity functional training","score":0.9240000247955322},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/resistance-training","display_name":"resistance training","score":0.75},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/home-gym","display_name":"home gym","score":0.7929999828338623},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/social-physique-anxiety","display_name":"social physique anxiety","score":0.8489999771118164},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/body-image","display_name":"body image","score":0.6480000019073486},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/extrinsic-motivation","display_name":"extrinsic motivation","score":0.6499999761581421},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/gender-differences","display_name":"gender differences","score":0.5920000076293945},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/body-aesthetics","display_name":"body aesthetics","score":0.3019999861717224},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/exercise-motivation","display_name":"exercise motivation","score":0.4569999873638153},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/body-dissatisfaction","display_name":"body dissatisfaction","score":0.38499999046325684},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/eating-disorders","display_name":"eating disorders","score":0.34299999475479126},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/eating-disorder-risk-factors","display_name":"eating disorder risk factors","score":0.49799999594688416}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C15744967","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q9418","display_name":"Psychology","level":0,"score":0.48631247878074646},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2777211547","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q17141490","display_name":"Training (meteorology)","level":2,"score":0.4668933153152466},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C99508421","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2678675","display_name":"Physical medicine and rehabilitation","level":1,"score":0.37787938117980957},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C180747234","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q23373","display_name":"Cognitive psychology","level":1,"score":0.3768822252750397},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.33048662543296814},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C71924100","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11190","display_name":"Medicine","level":0,"score":0.27500593662261963},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C205649164","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1071","display_name":"Geography","level":0,"score":0.18055620789527893},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C153294291","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q25261","display_name":"Meteorology","level":1,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":2,"locations":[{"id":"pmh:oai:digitalcommons.wku.edu:theses-2597","doi":null,"is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://digitalcommons.wku.edu/theses/1596","pdf_url":"https://digitalcommons.wku.edu/theses/1596","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4377196460","display_name":"TopSCHOLAR (Western Kentucky University)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I94339441","host_organization_name":"Western Kentucky University","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I94339441"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"Masters Theses & Specialist Projects","raw_type":"text"},{"id":"mag:2346273638","doi":null,"is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://digitalcommons.wku.edu/cgi/viewcontent.cgi?article=2597&context=theses","pdf_url":null,"source":null,"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":null,"is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":null,"raw_type":null}],"best_oa_location":{"id":"pmh:oai:digitalcommons.wku.edu:theses-2597","doi":null,"is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://digitalcommons.wku.edu/theses/1596","pdf_url":"https://digitalcommons.wku.edu/theses/1596","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4377196460","display_name":"TopSCHOLAR (Western Kentucky University)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I94339441","host_organization_name":"Western Kentucky University","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I94339441"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"Masters Theses & Specialist Projects","raw_type":"text"},"sustainable_development_goals":[{"display_name":"Good health and well-being","score":0.9391000270843506,"id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/3"}],"study_designs":[{"display_name":"Observational Study","id":"https://openalex.org/study-designs/observational-study"}],"awards":[],"funders":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320311307","display_name":"Western Kentucky University","ror":"https://ror.org/0446vnd56"}],"has_content":{"pdf":true,"grobid_xml":true},"content_urls":{"pdf":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W2346273638.pdf","grobid_xml":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W2346273638.grobid-xml"},"referenced_works_count":51,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W97270493","https://openalex.org/W206480670","https://openalex.org/W602370842","https://openalex.org/W655443535","https://openalex.org/W1524830325","https://openalex.org/W1969048789","https://openalex.org/W1978955244","https://openalex.org/W1979073379","https://openalex.org/W1992371431","https://openalex.org/W2000799758","https://openalex.org/W2003761803","https://openalex.org/W2011371063","https://openalex.org/W2012760997","https://openalex.org/W2013184033","https://openalex.org/W2019882453","https://openalex.org/W2030288866","https://openalex.org/W2037348362","https://openalex.org/W2039935824","https://openalex.org/W2040235345","https://openalex.org/W2040756632","https://openalex.org/W2042716195","https://openalex.org/W2048190957","https://openalex.org/W2058620518","https://openalex.org/W2062599131","https://openalex.org/W2070008526","https://openalex.org/W2072740345","https://openalex.org/W2073646922","https://openalex.org/W2076821879","https://openalex.org/W2077920322","https://openalex.org/W2081952244","https://openalex.org/W2084188252","https://openalex.org/W2084958928","https://openalex.org/W2089094682","https://openalex.org/W2089155960","https://openalex.org/W2092134369","https://openalex.org/W2100358344","https://openalex.org/W2101035968","https://openalex.org/W2102543763","https://openalex.org/W2106643427","https://openalex.org/W2129468486","https://openalex.org/W2136714084","https://openalex.org/W2137724566","https://openalex.org/W2141117636","https://openalex.org/W2150164363","https://openalex.org/W2170185238","https://openalex.org/W2171151088","https://openalex.org/W2336678555","https://openalex.org/W2413311099","https://openalex.org/W2905037833","https://openalex.org/W2972018881","https://openalex.org/W3211239976"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W2474288021","https://openalex.org/W2139921546","https://openalex.org/W2938021860","https://openalex.org/W2419615229","https://openalex.org/W7011656296","https://openalex.org/W1795787846","https://openalex.org/W2491345392","https://openalex.org/W2525654205","https://openalex.org/W4289523001","https://openalex.org/W2967585787"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"Muscle":[0,81],"Dysmorphia":[1,82],"(MD)":[2],"is":[3,11,20,197,223,326],"characterized":[4],"by":[5],"preoccupation":[6],"with":[7,199,208,246,250,305,328,343],"muscularity.":[8],"Although":[9],"there":[10,19],"a":[12,21,218,262,306,329],"growing":[13],"body":[14,302],"of":[15,23,37,41,71,90,201,211,235,253,279,289,301],"research":[16,24],"concerning":[17,25],"MD,":[18,247],"lack":[22],"the":[26,34,88,115,241,277,280,287,293,312,319],"potential":[27],"role":[28],"exercise":[29],"training":[30,56,62,91,195,220,266],"environment":[31,92,110,196,264,308],"has":[32],"on":[33,93],"clinical":[35,344],"features":[36],"MD.":[38,345],"The":[39,233],"purpose":[40],"this":[42,236],"study":[43,237,282],"was":[44,142],"to":[45,54,215,227,259,297,316,321],"compare":[46],"MD":[47,202,212,231,254,290],"symptomology":[48],"in":[49,57,217,261,291],"traditional":[50,219],"strength-trained":[51],"(TRAD)":[52],"individuals":[53,55,342],"communal":[58],"high":[59],"intensity":[60],"functional":[61,323],"environments":[63,117],"(HIFT).":[64],"Participants":[65,73],"were":[66],"recruited":[67],"from":[68,189],"both":[69,99],"types":[70],"facilities.":[72],"(N=376)":[74],"completed":[75],"online":[76],"(Qualtrics)":[77],"demographics":[78],"survey":[79],"and":[80,101,107,174,206,229,269,318],"Inventory":[83],"(MDI).":[84],"One-way":[85],"ANOVA":[86],"compared":[87],"effect":[89],"MDI":[94,113,155],"scores":[95],"among":[96],"HIFT,":[97],"TRAD,":[98],"HIFT":[100,146,190,263,330],"TRAD":[102,132,307],"(BOTH),":[103],"home":[104],"gym":[105,271],"(HOME),":[106],"\u201cOTHER.\u201d":[108],"Training":[109],"significantly":[111,143,187],"affected":[112],"for":[114,131,156,336,341],"5":[116],"[F":[118],"(4,":[119],"345)":[120],"=":[121,124,127,134,137,148,151,161,167,170,178,181],"3.765,":[122],"p":[123],".005,":[125],"d":[126],"0.737].":[128],"Mean":[129],"score":[130],"(M":[133,147,166,177],"111.73,":[135],"SD":[136,150,160,169,180],"20.":[138],"39,":[139],"[107.78,":[140],"115.68])":[141],"higher":[144,209,251],"than":[145],"102.20,":[149],"19.59,":[152],"[99.17,":[153],"105.23]).":[154],"BOTH":[157],"(M=":[158],"107.06,":[159],"18.01,":[162],"[100.77,":[163],"113.34]),":[164],"HOME":[165],"108.89,":[168],"22.80,":[171],"[99.86,":[172],"117.90]),":[173],"OTHER":[175],"condition":[176],"108.19,":[179],"22.43,":[182],"[97.97,":[183],"118.40])":[184],"did":[185],"not":[186,257],"differ":[188],"or":[191],"TRAD.":[192],"Results":[193,332],"suggest":[194],"correlated":[198],"levels":[200,210,252],"symptomology.":[203,232],"Specifically,":[204],"males":[205],"females":[207],"symptoms":[213,255],"prefer":[214,258],"train":[216,260],"environment,":[221],"which":[222],"potentially":[224],"more":[225],"conducive":[226],"facilitating":[228],"perpetuating":[230],"results":[234,278],"provide":[238,273,334],"insight":[239],"into":[240,286],"social":[242],"physique":[243],"anxiety":[244],"associated":[245,304,327],"as":[248],"participants":[249],"do":[256],"where":[265],"occurs":[267],"communally":[268],"other":[270],"members":[272],"extrinsic":[274],"motivation.":[275],"Additionally,":[276],"present":[281],"further":[283],"our":[284],"understanding":[285],"psychopathology":[288],"that":[292,325],"motivating":[294,313],"factors":[295,314],"related":[296],"aesthetics":[298],"(high":[299],"level":[300],"focus)":[303],"take":[309],"precedence":[310],"over":[311],"relating":[315],"selfimprovement":[317],"desire":[320],"increase":[322],"fitness":[324],"environment.":[331],"may":[333],"knowledge":[335],"creating":[337],"optimal":[338],"treatment":[339],"programs":[340]},"counts_by_year":[],"updated_date":"2026-09-26T08:19:03.415552","created_date":"2016-06-24T00:00:00"}