{"id":"https://openalex.org/W2345385148","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1596/1813-9450-7660","title":"Poverty and Shared Prosperity Implications of Deep Integration in Eastern and Southern Africa","display_name":"Poverty and Shared Prosperity Implications of Deep Integration in Eastern and Southern Africa","publication_year":2016,"publication_date":"2016-05-01","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W2345385148","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1596/1813-9450-7660","mag":"2345385148"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1596/1813-9450-7660","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1596/1813-9450-7660","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1596/1813-9450-7660","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306464317","display_name":"World Bank, Washington, DC eBooks","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":null,"host_organization_name":null,"host_organization_lineage":[],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"ebook platform"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":null,"raw_type":"book"},"volume":null,"type":"report","is_traditional":false,"indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":true,"oa_status":"green","oa_url":"https://ageconsearch.umn.edu/record/332681/files/7844.pdf","any_repository_has_fulltext":true},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5084388234","display_name":"Edward J. Balistreri","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6740-0066","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6740-0066"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I1334329717","display_name":"World Bank","ror":"https://ror.org/00ae7jd04","country_code":"US","type":"other","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1334329717","https://openalex.org/I55633929"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I167576493","display_name":"Colorado School of Mines","ror":"https://ror.org/04raf6v53","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I167576493"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I35440088","display_name":"ETH Zurich","ror":"https://ror.org/05a28rw58","country_code":"CH","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I2799323385","https://openalex.org/I35440088"]}],"countries":["CH","US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Edward J. Balistreri","raw_affiliation_strings":["Colorado School of Mines; Israel","Colorado School of Mines; Maliszewska, The World Bank; Osorio-Rodarte and Tarr,","Consultants, The World Bank; and Yonezawa, ETH, Zurich","Development Economics","JEL classification: F15; D31 ;"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Colorado School of Mines; Israel","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I167576493"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Colorado School of Mines; Maliszewska, The World Bank; Osorio-Rodarte and Tarr,","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I1334329717","https://openalex.org/I167576493"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Consultants, The World Bank; and Yonezawa, ETH, Zurich","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I1334329717","https://openalex.org/I35440088"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Development Economics","institution_ids":[]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"JEL classification: F15; D31 ;","institution_ids":[]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5018235992","display_name":"Maryla Maliszewska","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I1334329717","display_name":"World Bank","ror":"https://ror.org/00ae7jd04","country_code":"US","type":"other","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1334329717","https://openalex.org/I55633929"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I167576493","display_name":"Colorado School of Mines","ror":"https://ror.org/04raf6v53","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I167576493"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I35440088","display_name":"ETH Zurich","ror":"https://ror.org/05a28rw58","country_code":"CH","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I2799323385","https://openalex.org/I35440088"]}],"countries":["CH","US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Maryla Maliszewska","raw_affiliation_strings":["Colorado School of Mines; Israel","Colorado School of Mines; Maliszewska, The World Bank; Osorio-Rodarte and Tarr,","Consultants, The World Bank; and Yonezawa, ETH, Zurich","Development Economics","JEL classification: F15; D31 ;"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Colorado School of Mines; Israel","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I167576493"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Colorado School of Mines; Maliszewska, The World Bank; Osorio-Rodarte and Tarr,","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I1334329717","https://openalex.org/I167576493"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Consultants, The World Bank; and Yonezawa, ETH, Zurich","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I1334329717","https://openalex.org/I35440088"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Development Economics","institution_ids":[]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"JEL classification: F15; D31 ;","institution_ids":[]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5075236289","display_name":"Israel Osorio\u2010Rodarte","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3152-140X","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3152-140X"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I1334329717","display_name":"World Bank","ror":"https://ror.org/00ae7jd04","country_code":"US","type":"other","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1334329717","https://openalex.org/I55633929"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I167576493","display_name":"Colorado School of Mines","ror":"https://ror.org/04raf6v53","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I167576493"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I35440088","display_name":"ETH Zurich","ror":"https://ror.org/05a28rw58","country_code":"CH","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I2799323385","https://openalex.org/I35440088"]}],"countries":["CH","US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Israel Osorio-Rodarte","raw_affiliation_strings":["Colorado School of Mines; Israel","Colorado School of Mines; Maliszewska, The World Bank; Osorio-Rodarte and Tarr,","Consultants, The World Bank; and Yonezawa, ETH, Zurich","Development Economics","JEL classification: F15; D31 ;"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Colorado School of Mines; Israel","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I167576493"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Colorado School of Mines; Maliszewska, The World Bank; Osorio-Rodarte and Tarr,","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I1334329717","https://openalex.org/I167576493"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Consultants, The World Bank; and Yonezawa, ETH, Zurich","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I1334329717","https://openalex.org/I35440088"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Development Economics","institution_ids":[]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"JEL classification: F15; D31 ;","institution_ids":[]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5012039051","display_name":"David G. Tarr","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I1334329717","display_name":"World Bank","ror":"https://ror.org/00ae7jd04","country_code":"US","type":"other","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1334329717","https://openalex.org/I55633929"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I167576493","display_name":"Colorado School of Mines","ror":"https://ror.org/04raf6v53","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I167576493"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I35440088","display_name":"ETH Zurich","ror":"https://ror.org/05a28rw58","country_code":"CH","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I2799323385","https://openalex.org/I35440088"]}],"countries":["CH","US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"David G. Tarr","raw_affiliation_strings":["Colorado School of Mines; Israel","Colorado School of Mines; Maliszewska, The World Bank; Osorio-Rodarte and Tarr,","Consultants, The World Bank; and Yonezawa, ETH, Zurich","Development Economics","JEL classification: F15; D31 ;"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Colorado School of Mines; Israel","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I167576493"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Colorado School of Mines; Maliszewska, The World Bank; Osorio-Rodarte and Tarr,","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I1334329717","https://openalex.org/I167576493"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Consultants, The World Bank; and Yonezawa, ETH, Zurich","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I1334329717","https://openalex.org/I35440088"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Development Economics","institution_ids":[]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"JEL classification: F15; D31 ;","institution_ids":[]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5086775691","display_name":"Hidemichi Yonezawa","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9658-7226","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9658-7226"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I1334329717","display_name":"World Bank","ror":"https://ror.org/00ae7jd04","country_code":"US","type":"other","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1334329717","https://openalex.org/I55633929"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I167576493","display_name":"Colorado School of Mines","ror":"https://ror.org/04raf6v53","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I167576493"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I35440088","display_name":"ETH Zurich","ror":"https://ror.org/05a28rw58","country_code":"CH","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I2799323385","https://openalex.org/I35440088"]}],"countries":["CH","US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Hidemichi Yonezawa","raw_affiliation_strings":["Colorado School of Mines; Israel","Colorado School of Mines; Maliszewska, The World Bank; Osorio-Rodarte and Tarr,","Consultants, The World Bank; and Yonezawa, ETH, Zurich","Development Economics","JEL classification: F15; D31 ;"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Colorado School of Mines; Israel","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I167576493"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Colorado School of Mines; Maliszewska, The World Bank; Osorio-Rodarte and Tarr,","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I1334329717","https://openalex.org/I167576493"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Consultants, The World Bank; and Yonezawa, ETH, Zurich","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I1334329717","https://openalex.org/I35440088"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Development Economics","institution_ids":[]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"JEL classification: F15; D31 ;","institution_ids":[]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":2,"institutions_distinct_count":3,"corresponding_author_ids":[],"corresponding_institution_ids":[],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":null,"has_fulltext":true,"cited_by_count":8,"citation_normalized_percentile":null,"cited_by_percentile_year":null,"biblio":{"volume":null,"issue":null,"first_page":null,"last_page":null},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10128","display_name":"Global trade and economics","score":0.9765999913215637,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2000","display_name":"General Economics, Econometrics and Finance"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/20","display_name":"Economics, Econometrics and Finance"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10128","display_name":"Global trade and economics","score":0.9765999913215637,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2000","display_name":"General Economics, Econometrics and Finance"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/20","display_name":"Economics, Econometrics and Finance"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10446","display_name":"Income, Poverty, and Inequality","score":0.01679999940097332,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3312","display_name":"Sociology and Political Science"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/33","display_name":"Social Sciences"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10393","display_name":"Economic Growth and Productivity","score":0.0013000000035390258,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2002","display_name":"Economics and Econometrics"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/20","display_name":"Economics, Econometrics and Finance"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/trade-costs","display_name":"trade costs","score":0.7620000243186951},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/trade-facilitation","display_name":"trade facilitation","score":0.7429999709129333},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/non-tariff-barriers","display_name":"non-tariff barriers","score":1.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/deep-integration","display_name":"deep integration","score":0.5199999809265137},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/tripartite-free-trade-area","display_name":"Tripartite Free Trade Area","score":0.9200000166893005},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/southern-african-development-community","display_name":"Southern African Development Community","score":0.8980000019073486},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/poverty","display_name":"poverty","score":0.5659999847412109},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/shared-prosperity","display_name":"shared prosperity","score":0.9940000176429749},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/income-distribution","display_name":"income distribution","score":0.5929999947547913},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/unskilled-wages","display_name":"unskilled wages","score":0.9269999861717224},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/farm-income","display_name":"farm income","score":0.5339999794960022}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2776554220","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1760011","display_name":"Prosperity","level":2,"score":0.9204623699188232},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C189326681","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q10294","display_name":"Poverty","level":2,"score":0.7733057737350464},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C47768531","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1127188","display_name":"Development economics","level":1,"score":0.5254075527191162},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C205649164","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1071","display_name":"Geography","level":0,"score":0.4619448781013489},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C17744445","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q36442","display_name":"Political science","level":0,"score":0.3598240315914154},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C50522688","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q189833","display_name":"Economic growth","level":1,"score":0.24997055530548096},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C162324750","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q8134","display_name":"Economics","level":0,"score":0.21220606565475464}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":5,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1596/1813-9450-7660","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1596/1813-9450-7660","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1596/1813-9450-7660","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306464317","display_name":"World Bank, Washington, DC eBooks","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":null,"host_organization_name":null,"host_organization_lineage":[],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"ebook platform"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":null,"raw_type":"book"},{"id":"pmh:oai:RePEc:ags:pugtwp:332681","doi":null,"is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://ageconsearch.umn.edu/record/332681/files/7844.pdf","pdf_url":"https://ageconsearch.umn.edu/record/332681/files/7844.pdf","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306401271","display_name":"RePEc: Research Papers in Economics","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I77793887","host_organization_name":"Federal Reserve Bank of St. Louis","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I77793887"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":null,"raw_type":"preprint"},{"id":"pmh:oai:ageconsearch.umn.edu:332681","doi":null,"is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"http://ageconsearch.umn.edu/record/332681","pdf_url":"https://ageconsearch.umn.edu/record/332681/files/7844.pdf","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306401616","display_name":"AgEcon Search (University of Minnesota, USA)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I4210120349","host_organization_name":"University of Minnesota Rochester","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210120349"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":"cc-by-nc-nd","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by-nc-nd","version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"http://ageconsearch.umn.edu/record/332681","raw_type":"Text"},{"id":"pmh:oai:RePEc:wbk:wbrwps:7660","doi":null,"is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"http://documents.worldbank.org/curated/en/905551468180262500/pdf/WPS7660.pdf","pdf_url":"http://documents.worldbank.org/curated/en/905551468180262500/pdf/WPS7660.pdf","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306401271","display_name":"RePEc: Research Papers in Economics","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I77793887","host_organization_name":"Federal Reserve Bank of St. Louis","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I77793887"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":null,"raw_type":"preprint"},{"id":"pmh:oai:openknowledge.worldbank.org:10986/24498","doi":null,"is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://hdl.handle.net/10986/24498","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4377196270","display_name":"The World Bank Open Knowledge Repository (World Bank)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I1334329717","host_organization_name":"World Bank","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1334329717"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":null,"raw_type":"Working Paper"}],"best_oa_location":{"id":"pmh:oai:ageconsearch.umn.edu:332681","doi":null,"is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"http://ageconsearch.umn.edu/record/332681","pdf_url":"https://ageconsearch.umn.edu/record/332681/files/7844.pdf","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306401616","display_name":"AgEcon Search (University of Minnesota, USA)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I4210120349","host_organization_name":"University of Minnesota Rochester","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210120349"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":"cc-by-nc-nd","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by-nc-nd","version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"http://ageconsearch.umn.edu/record/332681","raw_type":"Text"},"sustainable_development_goals":[{"id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/1","display_name":"No poverty","score":0.8928999900817871},{"id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/10","display_name":"Reduced inequalities","score":0.7390999794006348},{"id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/8","display_name":"Decent work and economic growth","score":0.7257999777793884}],"study_designs":[],"awards":[],"funders":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320307855","display_name":"World Bank Group","ror":"https://ror.org/00ae7jd04"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320321652","display_name":"Eidgen\u00f6ssische Technische Hochschule Z\u00fcrich","ror":"https://ror.org/05a28rw58"}],"has_content":{"pdf":true,"grobid_xml":true},"content_urls":{"pdf":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W2345385148.pdf","grobid_xml":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W2345385148.grobid-xml"},"referenced_works_count":64,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W10656676","https://openalex.org/W84024344","https://openalex.org/W1492729937","https://openalex.org/W1509707534","https://openalex.org/W1528672822","https://openalex.org/W1533400760","https://openalex.org/W1542483194","https://openalex.org/W1556510889","https://openalex.org/W1607067789","https://openalex.org/W1651922809","https://openalex.org/W1865394143","https://openalex.org/W1900108868","https://openalex.org/W1905898992","https://openalex.org/W1922969826","https://openalex.org/W1937668602","https://openalex.org/W1964760198","https://openalex.org/W1972378233","https://openalex.org/W1989096497","https://openalex.org/W2000419174","https://openalex.org/W2007823028","https://openalex.org/W2050238828","https://openalex.org/W2053845245","https://openalex.org/W2072999790","https://openalex.org/W2086045076","https://openalex.org/W2086082917","https://openalex.org/W2098804465","https://openalex.org/W2100395860","https://openalex.org/W2104631148","https://openalex.org/W2115975507","https://openalex.org/W2119609646","https://openalex.org/W2121814422","https://openalex.org/W2129877977","https://openalex.org/W2130616272","https://openalex.org/W2141770084","https://openalex.org/W2148715818","https://openalex.org/W2149324830","https://openalex.org/W2168266488","https://openalex.org/W2168942366","https://openalex.org/W2207519445","https://openalex.org/W2290297962","https://openalex.org/W2332565927","https://openalex.org/W2921372270","https://openalex.org/W2921673846","https://openalex.org/W2921879523","https://openalex.org/W2932165770","https://openalex.org/W3004409229","https://openalex.org/W3022823838","https://openalex.org/W3023877969","https://openalex.org/W3107728592","https://openalex.org/W3121155148","https://openalex.org/W3121161457","https://openalex.org/W3121361127","https://openalex.org/W3121547743","https://openalex.org/W3121923748","https://openalex.org/W3122719137","https://openalex.org/W3123317089","https://openalex.org/W3124680945","https://openalex.org/W3125505880","https://openalex.org/W3125888513","https://openalex.org/W3126043052","https://openalex.org/W3140333968","https://openalex.org/W3148975945","https://openalex.org/W3165064679","https://openalex.org/W4383461181"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W2534489759","https://openalex.org/W2756459599","https://openalex.org/W2180774317","https://openalex.org/W3124022144","https://openalex.org/W2784224895","https://openalex.org/W7096288522","https://openalex.org/W4416062957","https://openalex.org/W2924532097","https://openalex.org/W2924077673","https://openalex.org/W2339419757"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"Evidence":[0],"indicates":[1],"that":[2,111,158,224,242],"trade":[3,12,23,27,57,229],"costs":[4,24,35,58],"are":[5,120,161,164,225,276],"a":[6],"much":[7],"more":[8],"substantial":[9],"barrier":[10],"to":[11,51,103,130,261],"than":[13,249],"tariffs":[14],"are,":[15],"especially":[16],"in":[17,107,122,136,167,178,190,219,227,237,268,309,314],"Sub-Saharan":[18],"Africa.":[19],"This":[20],"paper":[21,40,156],"decomposes":[22],"into:":[25],"(i)":[26,60],"facilitation,":[28],"(ii)":[29,77],"non-tariff":[30],"barriers,":[31],"and":[32,44,69,84,114,140,171,301],"(iii)":[33,85],"the":[34,42,61,79,88,105,108,123,134,137,146,149,168,172,175,184,191,201,207,210,215,228,234,240,243,250,258,265,271,280,286,291],"of":[36,48,56,67,133,145,174,183,209,214,252,255,282,290],"business":[37],"services.":[38],"The":[39,93,117,155,231,294],"assesses":[41],"poverty":[43,113,138,169,179],"shared":[45,115,141],"prosperity":[46,142,238],"impacts":[47],"deep":[49,188],"integration":[50,189],"reduce":[52],"these":[53,159],"three":[54],"types":[55],"in:":[59],"East":[62,68,80,89,202],"African":[63,72,81,90,151,185,203],"Customs":[64,82,91,204],"Union?Common":[65],"Market":[66],"Southern":[70],"Africa?South":[71],"Development":[73],"Community\"Tripartite\"Free":[74],"Trade":[75,194],"Area;":[76],"within":[78],"Union;":[83],"unilaterally":[86],"by":[87,200,285],"Union.":[92,205],"analysis":[94],"employs":[95],"an":[96,307],"innovative,":[97],"multi-region":[98],"computable":[99],"general":[100],"equilibrium":[101],"model":[102,118,129],"estimate":[104],"changes":[106,135],"macroeconomic":[109],"variables":[110],"impact":[112],"prosperity.":[116],"estimates":[119],"used":[121],"Global":[124],"Income":[125],"Distribution":[126],"Dynamics":[127],"microsimulation":[128],"obtain":[131],"assessments":[132],"headcount":[139,170],"for":[143,148,180,233,270,311],"each":[144],"simulations":[147],"six":[150,182],"regions":[152,186,223],"or":[153,196,222],"countries.":[154],"finds":[157],"reforms":[160,199,244,259,313],"pro-poor.":[162],"There":[163],"significant":[165],"reductions":[166],"percentage":[173],"population":[176,292],"living":[177],"all":[181,220],"from":[187],"Tripartite":[192],"Free":[193],"Area":[195],"comparable":[197],"unilateral":[198],"Further,":[206],"incomes":[208],"bottom":[211],"40":[212,273,288],"percent":[213,289],"populations":[216],"noticeably":[217],"increase":[218,245],"countries":[221,300,304],"engaged":[226],"reforms.":[230,302],"reason":[232],"poor":[235],"share":[236,281],"is":[239],"fact":[241],"unskilled":[246],"wages":[247],"faster":[248],"rewards":[251],"other":[253],"factors":[254],"production,":[256],"as":[257],"tend":[260],"favor":[262],"agriculture.":[263],"Despite":[264],"uniform":[266],"increases":[267],"income":[269,283],"poorest":[272,287],"percent,":[274],"there":[275],"some":[277],"cases":[278],"where":[279],"captured":[284],"decreases.":[293],"estimated":[295],"gains":[296],"vary":[297],"considerably":[298],"across":[299],"Thus,":[303],"would":[305],"have":[306],"interest":[308],"negotiating":[310],"different":[312,315],"agreements.":[316]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2024,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2019,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2018,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2017,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2016,"cited_by_count":1}],"updated_date":"2026-11-04T10:54:05.112534","created_date":"2016-06-24T00:00:00"}
