{"id":"https://openalex.org/W2344749174","doi":null,"title":"Infectious pathogens in pediatric patients with primary immunodeficiencies.","display_name":"Infectious pathogens in pediatric patients with primary immunodeficiencies.","publication_year":2006,"publication_date":"2006-12-01","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W2344749174","mag":"2344749174","pmid":"https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/17164954"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"pmid:17164954","doi":null,"is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/17164954","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306525036","display_name":"PubMed","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I1299303238","host_organization_name":"National Institutes of Health","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1299303238"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Journal of microbiology, immunology, and infection = Wei mian yu gan ran za zhi","raw_type":"Journal Article"},"volume":null,"type":"article","is_traditional":true,"indexed_in":["pubmed"],"open_access":{"is_oa":false,"oa_status":"closed","oa_url":null,"any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":null,"display_name":"Shu-Hua Chang","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210131804","display_name":"National Taiwan University Hospital","ror":"https://ror.org/03nteze27","country_code":"TW","type":"healthcare","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210131804"]}],"countries":["TW"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Shu-Hua Chang","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Pediatrics, National Taiwan University Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Pediatrics, National Taiwan University Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210131804"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5003103726","display_name":"Yao\u2010Hsu Yang","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6266-9864","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6266-9864"]},"institutions":[],"countries":[],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Yao-Hsu Yang","raw_affiliation_strings":[],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5008596479","display_name":"Bor\u2010Luen Chiang","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6705-0286","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6705-0286"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I16733864","display_name":"National Taiwan University","ror":"https://ror.org/05bqach95","country_code":"TW","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I16733864"]}],"countries":["TW"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Bor-Luen Chiang","raw_affiliation_strings":["National Taiwan University"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"National Taiwan University","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I16733864"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":2,"corresponding_author_ids":[],"corresponding_institution_ids":[],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":0.3599,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":12,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.57154176,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":88,"max":95},"biblio":{"volume":"39","issue":"6","first_page":"503","last_page":"15"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11725","display_name":"Immunodeficiency and Autoimmune Disorders","score":1.0,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2403","display_name":"Immunology"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/24","display_name":"Immunology and Microbiology"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/1","display_name":"Life Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11725","display_name":"Immunodeficiency and Autoimmune Disorders","score":1.0,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2403","display_name":"Immunology"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/24","display_name":"Immunology and Microbiology"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/1","display_name":"Life Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T12172","display_name":"Neutropenia and Cancer Infections","score":0.0,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2730","display_name":"Oncology"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/27","display_name":"Medicine"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/4","display_name":"Health Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T12919","display_name":"Blood disorders and treatments","score":0.0,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2720","display_name":"Hematology"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/27","display_name":"Medicine"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/4","display_name":"Health Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/primary-immunodeficiency","display_name":"primary immunodeficiency","score":0.9610000252723694},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/pediatric-patients","display_name":"pediatric patients","score":0.7350000143051147},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/infectious-agents","display_name":"infectious agents","score":0.9309999942779541},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/pneumonia","display_name":"pneumonia","score":0.7279999852180481},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/phagocyte-defects","display_name":"phagocyte defects","score":0.8849999904632568},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/immunoglobulin-deficiency","display_name":"antibody deficiency","score":0.9100000262260437},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/combined-immunodeficiency","display_name":"combined immunodeficiency","score":0.9169999957084656},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/cellular-immunodeficiency","display_name":"cellular immunodeficiency","score":0.9430000185966492},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/bacterial-infection","display_name":"bacterial infection","score":0.5730000138282776},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/viral-infection","display_name":"viral infection","score":0.9599999785423279},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/antibiotic-prophylaxis","display_name":"antibiotic prophylaxis","score":0.8090000152587891}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2779019163","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3043160","display_name":"Primary immunodeficiency","level":3,"score":0.8517836332321167},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C71924100","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11190","display_name":"Medicine","level":0,"score":0.758783221244812},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2777914695","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q12192","display_name":"Pneumonia","level":2,"score":0.6355803608894348},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2779443120","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q650912","display_name":"Bacteremia","level":3,"score":0.585608959197998},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2777607303","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q641307","display_name":"Immunodeficiency","level":3,"score":0.5691355466842651},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2776439223","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q480700","display_name":"Otitis","level":2,"score":0.5678837299346924},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C501593827","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q12187","display_name":"Antibiotics","level":2,"score":0.5314988493919373},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C187212893","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q123028","display_name":"Pediatrics","level":1,"score":0.5234619975090027},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2779528874","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q283108","display_name":"X-linked agammaglobulinemia","level":5,"score":0.482472687959671},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C203014093","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q101929","display_name":"Immunology","level":1,"score":0.4223192036151886},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C177713679","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q679690","display_name":"Intensive care medicine","level":1,"score":0.3354044258594513},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C126322002","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11180","display_name":"Internal medicine","level":1,"score":0.22500044107437134},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C141071460","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q40821","display_name":"Surgery","level":1,"score":0.1268715262413025},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C86803240","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q420","display_name":"Biology","level":0,"score":0.10438033938407898},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C8891405","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1059","display_name":"Immune system","level":2,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C170493617","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q208467","display_name":"Receptor","level":2,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C89423630","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7193","display_name":"Microbiology","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C42362537","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q87099740","display_name":"Tyrosine kinase","level":3,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C90059517","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q423572","display_name":"Bruton's tyrosine kinase","level":4,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[{"descriptor_ui":"D002648","descriptor_name":"Child","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D002675","descriptor_name":"Child, Preschool","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D003141","descriptor_name":"Communicable Diseases","qualifier_ui":"Q000150","qualifier_name":"complications","is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D003141","descriptor_name":"Communicable Diseases","qualifier_ui":"Q000382","qualifier_name":"microbiology","is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D006784","descriptor_name":"Hospitals, Teaching","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D006801","descriptor_name":"Humans","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D007153","descriptor_name":"Immunologic Deficiency Syndromes","qualifier_ui":"Q000150","qualifier_name":"complications","is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D007153","descriptor_name":"Immunologic Deficiency Syndromes","qualifier_ui":"Q000453","qualifier_name":"epidemiology","is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D007153","descriptor_name":"Immunologic Deficiency Syndromes","qualifier_ui":"Q000503","qualifier_name":"physiopathology","is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D007223","descriptor_name":"Infant","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D007231","descriptor_name":"Infant, Newborn","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D010586","descriptor_name":"Phagocytes","qualifier_ui":"Q000473","qualifier_name":"pathology","is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D012189","descriptor_name":"Retrospective Studies","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D013624","descriptor_name":"Taiwan","qualifier_ui":"Q000453","qualifier_name":"epidemiology","is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D015984","descriptor_name":"Causality","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false}],"locations_count":2,"locations":[{"id":"pmid:17164954","doi":null,"is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/17164954","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306525036","display_name":"PubMed","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I1299303238","host_organization_name":"National Institutes of Health","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1299303238"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Journal of microbiology, immunology, and infection = Wei mian yu gan ran za zhi","raw_type":"Journal Article"},{"id":"mag:2344749174","doi":null,"is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/17164954","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306525036","display_name":"PubMed","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I1299303238","host_organization_name":"National Institutes of Health","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1299303238"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":null,"is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"PubMed","raw_type":null}],"best_oa_location":null,"sustainable_development_goals":[{"id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/3","display_name":"Good health and well-being","score":1.0}],"study_designs":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/study-designs/observational-study","display_name":"Observational Study"}],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"pdf":false,"grobid_xml":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":52,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W11023083","https://openalex.org/W1208069797","https://openalex.org/W1585340447","https://openalex.org/W1972758421","https://openalex.org/W1975511294","https://openalex.org/W1977289939","https://openalex.org/W1980339443","https://openalex.org/W1987646580","https://openalex.org/W1988130713","https://openalex.org/W1990197342","https://openalex.org/W1992166904","https://openalex.org/W1994878440","https://openalex.org/W1999530201","https://openalex.org/W2008753965","https://openalex.org/W2008981570","https://openalex.org/W2009241319","https://openalex.org/W2029349480","https://openalex.org/W2035800046","https://openalex.org/W2038753879","https://openalex.org/W2040106553","https://openalex.org/W2043987276","https://openalex.org/W2047222590","https://openalex.org/W2060655778","https://openalex.org/W2064267649","https://openalex.org/W2066421491","https://openalex.org/W2068230795","https://openalex.org/W2069949728","https://openalex.org/W2071700339","https://openalex.org/W2075869284","https://openalex.org/W2078279000","https://openalex.org/W2079315637","https://openalex.org/W2080385201","https://openalex.org/W2084801194","https://openalex.org/W2088335339","https://openalex.org/W2089340768","https://openalex.org/W2089772355","https://openalex.org/W2093306987","https://openalex.org/W2115016218","https://openalex.org/W2116133014","https://openalex.org/W2116455668","https://openalex.org/W2119993602","https://openalex.org/W2122758896","https://openalex.org/W2151709525","https://openalex.org/W2315224357","https://openalex.org/W2318932960","https://openalex.org/W2321099660","https://openalex.org/W2438428713","https://openalex.org/W2440772470","https://openalex.org/W2444007781","https://openalex.org/W2463249350","https://openalex.org/W2520163263","https://openalex.org/W3145676868"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W3194549713","https://openalex.org/W4390862253","https://openalex.org/W2554343301","https://openalex.org/W2849636018","https://openalex.org/W3032086266","https://openalex.org/W2364021516","https://openalex.org/W4283782316","https://openalex.org/W2529754125","https://openalex.org/W2000100973","https://openalex.org/W4404149836"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"BACKGROUND":[0],"AND":[1],"PURPOSE:":[2],"Primary":[3],"immunodeficiency":[4],"diseases":[5],"(PIDs)":[6],"are":[7,167],"rare":[8],"disorders.":[9],"Unusual":[10],"infections":[11,107,124],"often":[12],"guide":[13],"the":[14,24,35,44,79,104,141,157],"initial":[15],"investigation":[16],"for":[17,31],"immunodeficiency.":[18],"METHODS:":[19],"In":[20],"order":[21],"to":[22,28,137],"ascertain":[23],"organisms":[25],"that":[26,152],"lead":[27],"a":[29],"predisposition":[30],"PIDs,":[32],"we":[33],"reviewed":[34],"charts":[36],"of":[37,64,100,119,140,149,156],"92":[38,142],"children":[39],"diagnosed":[40,58,126],"with":[41,66,110,144],"PIDs":[42,150],"at":[43],"National":[45],"Taiwan":[46],"University":[47],"Hospital":[48],"between":[49],"March":[50,53],"1984":[51],"and":[52,62,69,82,89,94,98,129,160,163],"2004.":[54],"RESULTS:":[55],"Pneumonia":[56],"was":[57],"in":[59,78,108,116,169],"92%,":[60],"81%,":[61],"76.5%":[63],"patients":[65,109,143],"antibody,":[67],"combined,":[68],"cellular":[70],"deficiencies,":[71],"respectively.":[72],"Other":[73],"major":[74],"illnesses":[75],"were":[76,103,114,125,135],"similar":[77],"3":[80],"groups":[81],"included":[83],"bronchiolitis,":[84],"acute":[85],"gastroenteritis,":[86],"otitis":[87],"media,":[88],"bacteremia.":[90],"Skin":[91],"abscess,":[92],"pneumonia,":[93],"lymphadenitis":[95],"(54.5%,":[96],"45%,":[97],"27%":[99],"cases,":[101],"respectively)":[102],"most":[105],"common":[106],"phagocyte":[111],"defects.":[112],"Organisms":[113],"speciated":[115],"only":[117],"44.8%":[118],"infection":[120,158],"episodes.":[121],"Most":[122],"viral":[123,131],"by":[127],"traditional":[128],"time-consuming":[130],"culture.":[132],"Prophylactic":[133],"antibiotics":[134],"prescribed":[136],"9":[138],"out":[139],"PIDs.":[145],"CONCLUSIONS:":[146],"Early":[147],"recognition":[148],"requires":[151],"practitioners":[153],"be":[154],"aware":[155],"characteristics,":[159],"subsequent":[161],"reliable":[162],"rapid":[164],"molecular":[165],"diagnosis":[166],"needed":[168],"such":[170],"immunocompromised":[171],"patients.":[172]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2025,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2019,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2014,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2013,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2012,"cited_by_count":2}],"updated_date":"2026-11-04T10:54:05.112534","created_date":"2016-06-24T00:00:00"}