{"id":"https://openalex.org/W2341469331","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1093/oxfordjournals.aje.a116942","title":"Velocity of Ultrasound and its Association with Fracture History in a Rural Population","display_name":"Velocity of Ultrasound and its Association with Fracture History in a Rural Population","publication_year":1994,"publication_date":"1994-05-15","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W2341469331","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1093/oxfordjournals.aje.a116942","mag":"2341469331","pmid":"https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/8178782"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1093/oxfordjournals.aje.a116942","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1093/oxfordjournals.aje.a116942","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1093/oxfordjournals.aje.a116942","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S170967050","display_name":"American Journal of Epidemiology","issn_l":"0002-9262","issn":["0002-9262","1476-6256"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"listed_in":["anvur-scientific","cwts-core","dongbi-b","doyens","jufo-2","ki-jl-2","medline","norway-2","poland-140","russia-white-list-1","vabb-shw"],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310311648","host_organization_name":"Oxford University Press","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310311648","https://openalex.org/P4310311647"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Oxford University Press","University of Oxford"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"American Journal of Epidemiology","raw_type":"journal-article"},"volume":null,"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref","pubmed"],"open_access":{"is_oa":false,"oa_status":"closed","oa_url":null,"any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5111719815","display_name":"Mary Ruth Stegman","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I114493937","display_name":"Creighton University","ror":"https://ror.org/05wf30g94","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I114493937"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Mary Ruth Stegman","raw_affiliation_strings":["Center for Hard Tissue Research, School of Medicine, Creighton University, Omaha, NE"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Center for Hard Tissue Research, School of Medicine, Creighton University, Omaha, NE","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I114493937"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5110246581","display_name":"Robert P. Heaney","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I114493937","display_name":"Creighton University","ror":"https://ror.org/05wf30g94","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I114493937"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Robert P. Heaney","raw_affiliation_strings":["John Creighton Professor, Center for Hard Tissue Research, Creighton University Omaha, NE"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"John Creighton Professor, Center for Hard Tissue Research, Creighton University Omaha, NE","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I114493937"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5052478195","display_name":"Robert R. Recker","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8774-1404","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8774-1404"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I114493937","display_name":"Creighton University","ror":"https://ror.org/05wf30g94","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I114493937"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Robert R. Recker","raw_affiliation_strings":["Center for Hard Tissue Research, School of Medicine, Creighton University Omaha, NE"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Center for Hard Tissue Research, School of Medicine, Creighton University Omaha, NE","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I114493937"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5022670038","display_name":"Dianne Travers\u2010Gustafson","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I114493937","display_name":"Creighton University","ror":"https://ror.org/05wf30g94","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I114493937"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Dianne Travers-Gustafson","raw_affiliation_strings":["Center for Hard Tissue Research, School of Medicine, Creighton University Omaha, NE"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Center for Hard Tissue Research, School of Medicine, Creighton University Omaha, NE","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I114493937"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5031281773","display_name":"J. Leist","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I114493937","display_name":"Creighton University","ror":"https://ror.org/05wf30g94","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I114493937"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Janice Leist","raw_affiliation_strings":["Center for Hard Tissue Research, School of Medicine, Creighton University Omaha, NE"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Center for Hard Tissue Research, School of Medicine, Creighton University Omaha, NE","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I114493937"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":1,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5111719815"],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I114493937"],"apc_list":{"value":4856,"currency":"USD","value_usd":4856},"apc_paid":null,"fwci":4.9172,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":33,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.95085066,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":true},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":89,"max":94},"biblio":{"volume":"139","issue":"10","first_page":"1027","last_page":"1034"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10071","display_name":"Bone health and osteoporosis research","score":0.9994999766349792,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2732","display_name":"Orthopedics and Sports Medicine"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/27","display_name":"Medicine"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/4","display_name":"Health Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10071","display_name":"Bone health and osteoporosis research","score":0.9994999766349792,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2732","display_name":"Orthopedics and Sports Medicine"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/27","display_name":"Medicine"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/4","display_name":"Health Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T12279","display_name":"Body Composition Measurement Techniques","score":0.0,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2737","display_name":"Physiology"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/27","display_name":"Medicine"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/4","display_name":"Health Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10114","display_name":"Balance, Gait, and Falls Prevention","score":0.0,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3612","display_name":"Physical Therapy, Sports Therapy and Rehabilitation"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/36","display_name":"Health Professions"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/4","display_name":"Health Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/ultrasonic-velocity","display_name":"ultrasonic velocity","score":0.5690000057220459},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/bone-quality","display_name":"bone quality","score":0.9610000252723694},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/fracture-history","display_name":"fracture history","score":0.656000018119812},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/fragility-fractures","display_name":"fragility fractures","score":0.9160000085830688},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/osteoporotic-fractures","display_name":"osteoporotic fractures","score":0.9169999957084656},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/patella","display_name":"patella","score":0.6129999756813049},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/bone-mass","display_name":"bone mass","score":0.6690000295639038},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/older-adults","display_name":"older adults","score":0.6460000276565552},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/rural-population","display_name":"rural population","score":0.9229999780654907},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/osteoporosis-screening","display_name":"osteoporosis screening","score":0.6010000109672546}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C71924100","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11190","display_name":"Medicine","level":0,"score":0.7953523397445679},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2908647359","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2625603","display_name":"Population","level":2,"score":0.5917934775352478},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C149923435","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q37732","display_name":"Demography","level":1,"score":0.5913829207420349},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C49898467","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1517706","display_name":"Stratified sampling","level":2,"score":0.5452830791473389},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C140779682","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q210868","display_name":"Sampling (signal processing)","level":3,"score":0.47387930750846863},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C3017944768","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1450463","display_name":"Poison control","level":2,"score":0.4193260669708252},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C188816634","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2113324","display_name":"Prospective cohort study","level":2,"score":0.4117734432220459},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C74909509","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q10387","display_name":"Gerontology","level":1,"score":0.34505826234817505},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C141071460","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q40821","display_name":"Surgery","level":1,"score":0.3403400182723999},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C194828623","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2861470","display_name":"Emergency medicine","level":1,"score":0.16427817940711975},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C99454951","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q932068","display_name":"Environmental health","level":1,"score":0.13864538073539734},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C142724271","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7208","display_name":"Pathology","level":1,"score":0.07825273275375366},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C144024400","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21201","display_name":"Sociology","level":0,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C31972630","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q844240","display_name":"Computer vision","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C106131492","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3072260","display_name":"Filter (signal processing)","level":2,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[{"descriptor_ui":"D000058","descriptor_name":"Accidental Falls","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D000367","descriptor_name":"Age Factors","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D000368","descriptor_name":"Aged","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D000369","descriptor_name":"Aged, 80 and over","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D001842","descriptor_name":"Bone and Bones","qualifier_ui":"Q000000981","qualifier_name":"diagnostic imaging","is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D003430","descriptor_name":"Cross-Sectional Studies","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D005260","descriptor_name":"Female","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D006801","descriptor_name":"Humans","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D008297","descriptor_name":"Male","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D008875","descriptor_name":"Middle Aged","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D009329","descriptor_name":"Nebraska","qualifier_ui":"Q000453","qualifier_name":"epidemiology","is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D011897","descriptor_name":"Random Allocation","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D012424","descriptor_name":"Rural Population","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D012737","descriptor_name":"Sex Factors","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D014463","descriptor_name":"Ultrasonography","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D050723","descriptor_name":"Fractures, Bone","qualifier_ui":"Q000209","qualifier_name":"etiology","is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D050723","descriptor_name":"Fractures, Bone","qualifier_ui":"Q000453","qualifier_name":"epidemiology","is_major_topic":true}],"locations_count":3,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1093/oxfordjournals.aje.a116942","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1093/oxfordjournals.aje.a116942","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1093/oxfordjournals.aje.a116942","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S170967050","display_name":"American Journal of Epidemiology","issn_l":"0002-9262","issn":["0002-9262","1476-6256"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"listed_in":["anvur-scientific","cwts-core","dongbi-b","doyens","jufo-2","ki-jl-2","medline","norway-2","poland-140","russia-white-list-1","vabb-shw"],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310311648","host_organization_name":"Oxford University Press","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310311648","https://openalex.org/P4310311647"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Oxford University Press","University of Oxford"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"American Journal of Epidemiology","raw_type":"journal-article"},{"id":"pmid:8178782","doi":null,"is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/8178782","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306525036","display_name":"PubMed","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I1299303238","host_organization_name":"National Institutes of Health","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1299303238"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"American journal of epidemiology","raw_type":"Journal Article"},{"id":"pmh:oai:open-archive.highwire.org:amjepid:139/10/1027","doi":null,"is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"http://aje.oxfordjournals.org/cgi/content/short/139/10/1027","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4406923041","display_name":"HighWire Press Open Archive","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":null,"host_organization_name":null,"host_organization_lineage":[],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"","raw_type":"TEXT"}],"best_oa_location":null,"sustainable_development_goals":[{"id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/3","display_name":"Good health and well-being","score":0.9537000060081482}],"study_designs":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/study-designs/observational-study","display_name":"Observational Study"}],"awards":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/G1242561407","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"AR40879","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320337362","funder_display_name":"National Institute of Arthritis and Musculoskeletal and Skin Diseases"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G2200805845","display_name":"METHOD TO PREDICT OSTEOPOROTIC FRACTURE","funder_award_id":"5r01ar040879-06","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320332161","funder_display_name":"National Institutes of Health"}],"funders":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320332161","display_name":"National Institutes of Health","ror":"https://ror.org/01cwqze88"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320337362","display_name":"National Institute of Arthritis and Musculoskeletal and Skin Diseases","ror":"https://ror.org/006zn3t30"}],"has_content":{"pdf":false,"grobid_xml":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":0,"referenced_works":[],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W2052028892","https://openalex.org/W1971423037","https://openalex.org/W2093159765","https://openalex.org/W2082997318","https://openalex.org/W2019094227","https://openalex.org/W1989411683","https://openalex.org/W2032776015","https://openalex.org/W2409912264","https://openalex.org/W2079429809","https://openalex.org/W2403611222"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"The":[0,55,156],"authors":[1],"set":[2],"out":[3],"to":[4,58,80,86,170],"determine":[5],"the":[6,69,76],"distribution":[7],"of":[8,20,26,38,72,181],"bone":[9,108,154],"quality,":[10],"as":[11,37,100],"measured":[12,67],"by":[13,173],"ultrasound,":[14],"in":[15,186],"a":[16,48,146,179],"rural":[17],"Nebraska":[18],"population":[19],"women":[21],"and":[22,128,149,161],"men.":[23],"Noninstitutionalized":[24],"residents":[25],"Saunders":[27],"County,":[28],"Nebraska,":[29],"who":[30],"were":[31,42,84,98],"age":[32,94],"50":[33],"years":[34],"or":[35,104,132,140,183],"older":[36,118],"January":[39],"1,":[40],"1992,":[41],"enumerated.":[43],"From":[44],"this":[45,59,187],"sampling":[46,61],"frame,":[47],"randomized":[49],"proportionate":[50],"stratified":[51],"sample":[52],"was":[53,62,66,114],"selected.":[54],"response":[56],"rate":[57],"random":[60],"58%.":[63],"Bone":[64],"quality":[65],"using":[68],"apparent":[70],"velocity":[71],"ultrasound":[73],"(AVU)":[74],"through":[75],"patella.":[77],"In":[78],"addition":[79],"demographic":[81],"information,":[82],"participants":[83],"asked":[85],"describe":[87],"all":[88],"fractures":[89,134],"that":[90],"had":[91],"occurred":[92],"since":[93],"40":[95],"years.":[96],"Fractures":[97],"classified":[99],"resulting":[101],"from":[102],"low":[103],"high":[105],"trauma.":[106],"Like":[107],"mass,":[109],"previously":[110],"studied":[111],"extensively,":[112],"AVU":[113,123,144,177],"lower":[115],"among":[116],"successively":[117],"strata":[119],"for":[120,135,142,165],"both":[121,136],"sexes.":[122],"discriminated":[124],"between":[125],"those":[126,129],"with":[127],"without":[130],"low-trauma":[131,182],"any":[133],"sexes,":[137],"whether":[138,176],"unadjusted":[139],"adjusted":[141],"nonresponse.":[143],"is":[145,159,162,178],"faster,":[147],"cheaper,":[148],"less":[150],"time-consuming":[151],"procedure":[152],"than":[153],"mass.":[155],"measuring":[157],"device":[158],"portable":[160],"well":[163],"suited":[164],"population-based":[166],"studies.":[167],"It":[168],"remains":[169],"be":[171],"determined,":[172],"prospective":[174],"methods,":[175],"predictor":[180],"osteoporotic":[184],"fracture":[185],"population.":[188]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2013,"cited_by_count":1}],"updated_date":"2026-10-31T12:09:11.096373","created_date":"2016-06-24T00:00:00"}