{"id":"https://openalex.org/W2341137101","doi":null,"title":"Doctoring Your Clinical Trial with Adaptive Randomization: SAS\u00ae Macros to Perform Adaptive Randomization","display_name":"Doctoring Your Clinical Trial with Adaptive Randomization: SAS\u00ae Macros to Perform Adaptive Randomization","publication_year":2013,"publication_date":"2013-01-01","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W2341137101","mag":"2341137101"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"mag:2341137101","doi":null,"is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"http://pharmasug.org/proceedings/2013/SP/PharmaSUG-2013-SP01.pdf","pdf_url":null,"source":null,"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":null,"is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":null,"raw_type":null},"volume":null,"type":"article","is_traditional":true,"indexed_in":[],"open_access":{"is_oa":false,"oa_status":"closed","oa_url":null,"any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5062715875","display_name":"Jenna Colavincenzo","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[],"countries":[],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Jenna Colavincenzo","raw_affiliation_strings":[],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":0,"institutions_distinct_count":0,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5062715875"],"corresponding_institution_ids":[],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":0.0,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":1,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.0,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":87,"max":93},"biblio":{"volume":null,"issue":null,"first_page":null,"last_page":null},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11235","display_name":"Statistical Methods in Clinical Trials","score":0.9990000128746033,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2613","display_name":"Statistics and Probability"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/26","display_name":"Mathematics"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11235","display_name":"Statistical Methods in Clinical Trials","score":0.9990000128746033,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2613","display_name":"Statistics and Probability"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/26","display_name":"Mathematics"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11798","display_name":"Optimal Experimental Design Methods","score":0.00019999999494757503,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1803","display_name":"Management Science and Operations Research"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/18","display_name":"Decision Sciences"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T13820","display_name":"SAS software applications and methods","score":0.00019999999494757503,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1712","display_name":"Software"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/adaptive-randomization","display_name":"adaptive randomization","score":1.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/covariate-adaptive-randomization","display_name":"covariate-adaptive randomization","score":0.9990000128746033},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/sas-macro","display_name":"SAS macro","score":0.8510000109672546},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/clinical-trial-randomization","display_name":"clinical trial randomization","score":0.8519999980926514},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/small-clinical-trials","display_name":"small clinical trials","score":0.671999990940094},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/early-stage-clinical-trials","display_name":"early-stage clinical trials","score":0.5960000157356262}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C204243189","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1363085","display_name":"Randomization","level":3,"score":0.9018548727035522},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C119043178","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q320723","display_name":"Covariate","level":2,"score":0.7095750570297241},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C21593803","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7316306","display_name":"Restricted randomization","level":4,"score":0.6541844010353088},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C129848803","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2564360","display_name":"Sample size determination","level":2,"score":0.5640424489974976},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C535046627","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q30612","display_name":"Clinical trial","level":2,"score":0.5612180829048157},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C105795698","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q12483","display_name":"Statistics","level":1,"score":0.4308724105358124},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C168563851","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1436668","display_name":"Randomized controlled trial","level":2,"score":0.4252592921257019},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C149782125","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q160039","display_name":"Econometrics","level":1,"score":0.35157281160354614},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C33923547","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q395","display_name":"Mathematics","level":0,"score":0.2730828523635864},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C71924100","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11190","display_name":"Medicine","level":0,"score":0.2724528908729553},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C141071460","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q40821","display_name":"Surgery","level":1,"score":0.12468832731246948},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C142724271","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7208","display_name":"Pathology","level":1,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":1,"locations":[{"id":"mag:2341137101","doi":null,"is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"http://pharmasug.org/proceedings/2013/SP/PharmaSUG-2013-SP01.pdf","pdf_url":null,"source":null,"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":null,"is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":null,"raw_type":null}],"best_oa_location":null,"sustainable_development_goals":[{"id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/3","display_name":"Good health and well-being","score":0.428600013256073}],"study_designs":[],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"pdf":false,"grobid_xml":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":5,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W1538993066","https://openalex.org/W2044439361","https://openalex.org/W2075487640","https://openalex.org/W2103799103","https://openalex.org/W2157041994"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W1477350201","https://openalex.org/W2187226700","https://openalex.org/W2098193105","https://openalex.org/W7100740088","https://openalex.org/W2157041994","https://openalex.org/W7099568884","https://openalex.org/W2777267136","https://openalex.org/W1970148349","https://openalex.org/W970855755","https://openalex.org/W2187118140"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"Adaptive":[0],"randomization":[1,25,29,56,72,126,200,213,227,236,299],"schemes":[2,26,57,228],"have":[3],"become":[4],"increasingly":[5],"common":[6],"in":[7,14,58,148,157,231],"beginning":[8,108],"stages":[9,109],"of":[10,23,40,81,90,110,151,171,214,225,252,257,259,290,298],"clinical":[11,16,60,76,112],"trials":[12,116],"and":[13,30,34,38,62,175,237],"small":[15,118],"trials.":[17],"This":[18,144],"paper":[19,45],"introduces":[20],"two":[21,261],"kinds":[22],"adaptive":[24,28,32,55,199,226,235,239,253],"(treatment":[27],"covariate":[31,238],"randomization)":[33],"discusses":[35],"the":[36,78,88,104,107,133,149,158,172,204,212,215,221,266,275,277],"benefits":[37],"limitations":[39],"each.":[41],"In":[42,75],"addition,":[43],"this":[44,232],"demonstrates":[46],"how":[47,63],"to":[48,52,69,103,169,179,210,220,264,282,294],"use":[49,289],"SAS\u00ae":[50,291],"macros":[51,65,292],"perform":[53,295],"these":[54,64,260],"a":[59,111,181,283],"setting,":[61],"can":[66,127,192],"be":[67,95,147,194,244],"modified":[68],"fit":[70],"your":[71],"needs.":[73],"BACKGROUND":[74],"trials,":[77],"entire":[79],"sample":[80,119],"patients":[82,93,152],"is":[83,263,280],"not":[84],"often":[85,193],"available":[86],"at":[87],"time":[89],"randomization.":[91],"Thus,":[92],"must":[94],"placed":[96],"into":[97],"treatment":[98,134,155,163,184,208,234,267,284],"groups":[99,135,209,268],"as":[100,269,271],"they":[101],"arrive":[102],"trial.":[105,222],"At":[106],"study,":[113],"or":[114,156],"for":[115,153,288],"with":[117],"sizes":[120],"(n":[121],"<":[122],"100),":[123],"using":[124,197],"simple":[125],"cause":[128,177],"an":[129,198],"extreme":[130],"imbalance":[131,145],"among":[132],"by":[136,196,273],"random":[137],"chance":[138],"alone":[139],"(Kang":[140],"et":[141],"al":[142],"2008).":[143],"may":[146,167,176],"number":[150],"each":[154,162,258,296],"possible":[159,272],"covariates":[160],"across":[161,207],"group.":[164,285],"These":[165,189],"situations":[166],"lead":[168],"inflation":[170],"error":[173],"variance":[174],"researchers":[178],"disregard":[180],"potentially":[182],"significant":[183],"difference":[185],"when":[186],"one":[187],"exists.":[188],"statistical":[190],"imbalances":[191],"resolved":[195],"scheme":[201],"which":[202],"uses":[203],"current":[205],"balance":[206,265],"influence":[211],"next":[216,278],"patient":[217,279],"that":[218,246],"arrives":[219],"Two":[223],"types":[224,251],"are":[229,248,300],"discussed":[230],"paper:":[233],"randomization;":[240],"however":[241],"it":[242],"should":[243],"noted":[245],"there":[247],"many":[249],"other":[250],"designs.":[254],"The":[255],"goal":[256],"designs":[262],"much":[270],"changing":[274],"way":[276],"assigned":[281],"Step-by-step":[286],"instructions":[287],"designed":[293],"type":[297],"described":[301],"below.":[302]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2021,"cited_by_count":1}],"updated_date":"2025-11-06T04:12:42.849631","created_date":"2016-06-24T00:00:00"}
