{"id":"https://openalex.org/W2339950648","doi":null,"title":"Rational Choice and the Structure","display_name":"Rational Choice and the Structure","publication_year":1956,"publication_date":"1956-01-01","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W2339950648","mag":"2339950648"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"mag:2339950648","doi":null,"is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://uk.sagepub.com/sites/default/files/upm-binaries/25239_Chater~Vol_1~Ch_03.pdf","pdf_url":null,"source":null,"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":null,"is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":null,"raw_type":null},"volume":null,"type":"article","indexed_in":[],"open_access":{"is_oa":false,"oa_status":"closed","oa_url":null,"any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5108357701","display_name":"Herbert A. Simon","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[],"countries":[],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Herbert A. Simon","raw_affiliation_strings":[],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":0,"institutions_distinct_count":0,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5108357701"],"corresponding_institution_ids":[],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":0.0,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":8,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.33333333,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":89,"max":94},"biblio":{"volume":null,"issue":null,"first_page":null,"last_page":null},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10315","display_name":"Decision-Making and Behavioral Economics","score":0.9984999895095825,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1800","display_name":"General Decision Sciences"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/18","display_name":"Decision Sciences"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10315","display_name":"Decision-Making and Behavioral Economics","score":0.9984999895095825,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1800","display_name":"General Decision Sciences"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/18","display_name":"Decision Sciences"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10785","display_name":"Economic Theory and Institutions","score":0.00019999999494757503,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2002","display_name":"Economics and Econometrics"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/20","display_name":"Economics, Econometrics and Finance"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10646","display_name":"Experimental Behavioral Economics Studies","score":9.999999747378752e-05,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3311","display_name":"Safety Research"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/33","display_name":"Social Sciences"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/rational-choice","display_name":"rational choice","score":0.9810000061988831},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/decision-making","display_name":"decision-making","score":0.9100000262260437},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/satisficing","display_name":"satisficing","score":0.8410000205039978},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/bounded-rationality","display_name":"bounded rationality","score":0.8149999976158142},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/adaptive-behavior","display_name":"adaptive behavior","score":0.6100000143051147},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/learning-theory","display_name":"learning theory","score":0.8510000109672546},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/limits-of-computation","display_name":"limits of computation","score":0.382999986410141},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/choice-mechanisms","display_name":"choice mechanisms","score":0.460999995470047}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2777031877","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1308152","display_name":"Rational choice theory (criminology)","level":2,"score":0.539817214012146},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C36375443","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7295774","display_name":"Rational planning model","level":2,"score":0.5181851983070374},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C83136003","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5054565","display_name":"Causal decision theory","level":5,"score":0.5055274963378906},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C118084267","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q26110","display_name":"Positive economics","level":1,"score":0.48982474207878113},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2776639384","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q840396","display_name":"Ideal (ethics)","level":2,"score":0.47186607122421265},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C96016098","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q853949","display_name":"Rational expectations","level":2,"score":0.4689231514930725},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C68784500","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1570691","display_name":"Adaptive behavior","level":2,"score":0.4303145110607147},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C111472728","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q9471","display_name":"Epistemology","level":1,"score":0.4143465757369995},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C15744967","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q9418","display_name":"Psychology","level":0,"score":0.3975989520549774},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.35677313804626465},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C539667460","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2414942","display_name":"Management science","level":1,"score":0.34412309527397156},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C180747234","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q23373","display_name":"Cognitive psychology","level":1,"score":0.334941565990448},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C77805123","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q161272","display_name":"Social psychology","level":1,"score":0.3208017945289612},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C154945302","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11660","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","level":1,"score":0.2967227101325989},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C162324750","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q8134","display_name":"Economics","level":0,"score":0.26750946044921875},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C135115379","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2750514","display_name":"Decision engineering","level":4,"score":0.15140128135681152},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C97944126","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5001864","display_name":"Business decision mapping","level":3,"score":0.13342052698135376},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C107327155","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q330268","display_name":"Decision support system","level":2,"score":0.12234532833099365},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C149782125","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q160039","display_name":"Econometrics","level":1,"score":0.12218412756919861},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C187736073","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2920921","display_name":"Management","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C73484699","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q161733","display_name":"Criminology","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C138885662","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5891","display_name":"Philosophy","level":0,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":1,"locations":[{"id":"mag:2339950648","doi":null,"is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://uk.sagepub.com/sites/default/files/upm-binaries/25239_Chater~Vol_1~Ch_03.pdf","pdf_url":null,"source":null,"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":null,"is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":null,"raw_type":null}],"best_oa_location":null,"sustainable_development_goals":[],"study_designs":[],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"pdf":false,"grobid_xml":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":5,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W1985876015","https://openalex.org/W2093353338","https://openalex.org/W2144357302","https://openalex.org/W2148962857","https://openalex.org/W2798440932"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W1989388297","https://openalex.org/W6925887839","https://openalex.org/W7064430399","https://openalex.org/W135385099","https://openalex.org/W2187918534","https://openalex.org/W2372422241","https://openalex.org/W2286588453","https://openalex.org/W2168092276","https://openalex.org/W1588628656","https://openalex.org/W2506187400"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"Agrowing":[0],"interest":[1],"in":[2,5,17,55,83,96,100,111,120,134,201,217,230,354],"decision":[3,60,246],"making":[4,61,247],"psychology":[6,84],"is":[7,235],"evidenced":[8],"by":[9,248,266,340],"the":[10,18,23,40,47,57,77,90,104,112,121,131,135,141,144,156,163,170,185,188,197,212,236,253,255,258,263,270,273,310,331,360,369],"recent":[11],"publication":[12],"of":[13,42,59,76,79,89,92,138,143,172,184,187,199,211,214,262,269,286,301,313,333,359,371,382],"Edwards\u2019":[14],"review":[15],"article":[16],"Psychological":[19],"Bulletin":[20],"(1)":[21],"and":[22,45,70,88,115,126,180,203,260,265,307,346,377],"Santa":[24],"Monica":[25],"Conference":[26],"volume,":[27],"Decision":[28],"Processes":[29],"(7).":[30],"In":[31,318],"this":[32,206,234],"work,":[33],"much":[34,108,117],"attention":[35],"has":[36,50,62],"been":[37,51,148],"focused":[38],"on":[39,368],"characterization":[41],"rational":[43,93,173,245],"choice,":[44],"because":[46],"latter":[48,105],"topic":[49],"a":[52,64,107,116,238,299,319,378],"central":[53],"concern":[54],"economics,":[56,97],"theory":[58],"become":[63],"natural":[65],"meeting":[66],"ground":[67],"for":[68,123,162],"psychological":[69,383],"economic":[71,189,218],"theory.":[72,219],"A":[73],"comparative":[74],"examination":[75,183],"models":[78,91,190],"adaptive":[80,196,315],"behavior":[81,94,165,198],"employed":[82,95,339],"(e.g.,":[85],"learning":[86,157,202],"theories),":[87],"shows":[98],"that":[99,272,282,336],"almost":[101],"all":[102],"respects":[103],"postulate":[106,306],"greater":[109],"complexity":[110,261],"choice":[113,204,288,302,316],"mechanisms,":[114],"larger":[118],"capacity":[119],"organism":[122,342],"obtaining":[124],"information":[125,345],"performing":[127],"computations,":[128],"than":[129,168],"do":[130,169,228],"former.":[132],"Moreover,":[133],"limited":[136,344,347,380],"range":[137],"situations":[139],"where":[140],"predictions":[142],"two":[145],"theories":[146,158,171],"have":[147,324],"compared":[149],"(see":[150],"[7,":[151],"Ch.":[152],"9,":[153],"10,":[154],"18]),":[155],"appear":[159],"to":[160,225,275,295,330],"account":[161,268],"observed":[164,314],"rather":[166],"better":[167],"behavior.":[174],"Both":[175],"from":[176,181],"these":[177,386],"scanty":[178],"data":[179],"an":[182,341],"postulates":[186],"it":[191,277],"appears":[192],"probable":[193],"that,":[194,355],"however":[195],"organisms":[200,221],"situations,":[205],"adaptiveness":[207],"falls":[208],"far":[209],"short":[210],"ideal":[213],"\u201cmaximizing\u201d":[215],"postulated":[216],"Evidently,":[220],"adapt":[222,279],"well":[223],"enough":[224],"\u201csatisfice\u201d;":[226],"they":[227],"not,":[229],"general,":[231],"\u201coptimize.\u201d":[232],"If":[233],"case,":[237],"great":[239],"deal":[240],"can":[241,304,365],"be":[242,292,338],"learned":[243],"about":[244],"taking":[249,267],"into":[250],"account,":[251],"at":[252],"outset,":[254],"limitations":[256],"upon":[257],"capacities":[259],"organism,":[264],"fact":[271],"environments":[274],"which":[276],"must":[278],"possess":[280],"properties":[281],"permit":[283],"further":[284],"simplication":[285],"its":[287],"mechanisms.":[289],"It":[290],"may":[291],"useful,":[293],"therefore,":[294],"ask:":[296],"How":[297],"simple":[298],"set":[300],"mechanisms":[303],"we":[305,364],"still":[308],"obtain":[309],"gross":[311],"features":[312],"behavior?":[317],"previous":[320],"paper":[321],"(6)":[322],"I":[323],"put":[325],"forth":[326],"some":[327],"suggestions":[328,351],"as":[329],"kinds":[332],"\u201capproximate\u201d":[334],"rationality":[335],"might":[337],"possessing":[343],"computational":[348],"facilities.":[349],"The":[350],"were":[352],"\u201chypothetical\u201d":[353],"lacking":[356],"definitive":[357],"knowledge":[358],"human":[361],"decisional":[362],"processes,":[363],"only":[366],"conjecture":[367],"basis":[370],"our":[372,375],"everyday":[373],"experiences,":[374],"introspection,":[376],"very":[379],"body":[381],"literature":[384],"what":[385]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2014,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2013,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2012,"cited_by_count":1}],"updated_date":"2026-09-29T14:09:16.559479","created_date":"2016-06-24T00:00:00"}