{"id":"https://openalex.org/W2338573003","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1017/cbo9780511626067.001","title":"Introduction","display_name":"Introduction","publication_year":1998,"publication_date":"1998-03-28","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W2338573003","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1017/cbo9780511626067.001","mag":"2338573003"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1017/cbo9780511626067.001","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1017/cbo9780511626067.001","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1017/cbo9780511626067.001","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306462995","display_name":"Cambridge University Press eBooks","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310311721","host_organization_name":"Cambridge University Press","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310311721","https://openalex.org/P4310311702"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Cambridge University Press","University of Cambridge"],"type":"ebook platform"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Modern Japanese Thought","raw_type":"book-chapter"},"volume":{"id":"https://openalex.org/W2005679705","display_name":"Modern Japanese Thought"},"type":"book-chapter","is_traditional":true,"indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":false,"oa_status":"closed","oa_url":null,"any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5014143764","display_name":"Bob Tadashi Wakabayashi","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I192455969","display_name":"York University","ror":"https://ror.org/05fq50484","country_code":"CA","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I192455969"]}],"countries":["CA"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Bob Tadashi Wakabayashi","raw_affiliation_strings":["York University, Toronto"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"York University, Toronto","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I192455969"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":1,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5014143764"],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I192455969"],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":0.0,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":5,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.16068275,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":88,"max":93},"biblio":{"volume":null,"issue":null,"first_page":"1","last_page":"29"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11198","display_name":"Japanese History and Culture","score":0.9994999766349792,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3316","display_name":"Cultural Studies"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/33","display_name":"Social Sciences"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11198","display_name":"Japanese History and Culture","score":0.9994999766349792,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3316","display_name":"Cultural Studies"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/33","display_name":"Social Sciences"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10053","display_name":"International Relations and Foreign Policy","score":0.0,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3320","display_name":"Political Science and International Relations"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/33","display_name":"Social Sciences"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T13303","display_name":"Asian Culture and Media Studies","score":0.0,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3316","display_name":"Cultural Studies"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/33","display_name":"Social Sciences"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/westernization","display_name":"Westernization","score":0.9470000267028809},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/modernization-of-japan","display_name":"Japanese modernization","score":0.6150000095367432},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/western-values","display_name":"Western values","score":0.32600000500679016},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/japanese-imperialism","display_name":"Japanese imperialism","score":0.35600000619888306},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/war-crimes","display_name":"war crimes","score":0.5929999947547913},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/human-rights","display_name":"human rights","score":0.5019999742507935},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/filial-piety","display_name":"filial piety","score":0.6579999923706055},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/individual-freedom","display_name":"individual liberty","score":0.4259999990463257},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/democracy","display_name":"democracy","score":0.3050000071525574},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/pacifism","display_name":"pacifism","score":0.5379999876022339},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/rule-of-law","display_name":"rule of law","score":0.7509999871253967},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/east-asian-tradition","display_name":"East Asian tradition","score":0.492000013589859}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.313434362411499}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":1,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1017/cbo9780511626067.001","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1017/cbo9780511626067.001","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1017/cbo9780511626067.001","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306462995","display_name":"Cambridge University Press eBooks","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310311721","host_organization_name":"Cambridge University Press","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310311721","https://openalex.org/P4310311702"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Cambridge University Press","University of Cambridge"],"type":"ebook platform"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Modern Japanese Thought","raw_type":"book-chapter"}],"best_oa_location":null,"sustainable_development_goals":[{"id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/16","display_name":"Peace, justice, and strong institutions","score":0.6207000017166138}],"study_designs":[],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"pdf":false,"grobid_xml":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":0,"referenced_works":[],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W2005679705","https://openalex.org/W2323022659","https://openalex.org/W3119947534","https://openalex.org/W4377825880","https://openalex.org/W2105608253","https://openalex.org/W1598077127","https://openalex.org/W4235170587","https://openalex.org/W4231290736","https://openalex.org/W7095445023","https://openalex.org/W205957816"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"Perhaps":[0],"all":[1,115],"developing":[2],"societies":[3,233],"since":[4],"the":[5,27,29,37,49,72,83,118,175,185,228],"Industrial":[6],"Revolution":[7],"are":[8,61,200],"fated":[9],"to":[10,69,87,139,168,202],"undergo":[11],"Westernization.":[12],"Japan":[13],"certainly":[14],"did.":[15],"After":[16],"opening":[17],"their":[18],"land":[19],"under":[20],"pressure":[21],"from":[22,109],"Perry":[23],"and":[24,43,55,82,99,197,206,240],"Harris":[25],"in":[26,36,48,117,254],"1850s,":[28],"Japanese":[30,66,110,124,176,194],"adopted":[31],"Western":[32,58,188,232],"ways":[33],"not":[34,172,178,243],"only":[35,95,224],"outer":[38],"realm":[39,51],"of":[40,52,85,105,129,135,150,187,215,238,256],"material":[41],"culture":[42],"political":[44,257],"forms":[45],"but":[46],"also":[47],"inner":[50],"thought,":[53],"spirit,":[54],"values.":[56],"Today,":[57,193],"sociopolitical":[59],"ideals":[60,107],"so":[62],"compelling":[63],"that":[64,231],"most":[65,214],"would":[67,125,133,146,177],"refuse":[68],"live":[70],"by":[71,96],"pre-1945":[73],"imperial":[74],"ethos.":[75],"Thus":[76],"democracy,":[77],"individual":[78],"freedom,":[79],"egalitarianism,":[80],"pacifism,":[81],"rule":[84],"law":[86],"uphold":[88],"basic":[89],"human":[90],"rights":[91],"can":[92,218],"be":[93,219],"violated":[94],"devious":[97],"means":[98],"over":[100],"public":[101],"protest.":[102],"Yet":[103],"none":[104],"those":[106,216],"derived":[108],"or":[111,191,222,247],"East":[112],"Asian":[113],"tradition;":[114],"originated":[116],"modern":[119],"West.":[120],"Very":[121],"few":[122],"present-day":[123],"applaud":[126],"an":[127,245],"act":[128],"disembowelment.":[130],"Fewer":[131],"still":[132],"approve":[134],"police":[136],"torture":[137],"used":[138],"extract":[140],"confessions.":[141],"And":[142],"virtually":[143],"no":[144],"one":[145],"tolerate":[147],"a":[148,153],"form":[149],"slavery":[151],"whereby":[152],"father":[154],"may":[155],"sell":[156],"his":[157],"daughters":[158],"into":[159],"legalized":[160],"prostitution":[161],"\u2013":[162,250],"while":[163],"filial":[164],"piety":[165],"enjoins":[166],"them":[167],"submit":[169],"meekly":[170],"if":[171],"cheerfully.":[173],"However,":[174],"have":[179,259],"disowned":[180],"these":[181],"former":[182],"folkways":[183],"without":[184],"benefit":[186],"example,":[189],"influence,":[190],"compulsion.":[192],"leftists":[195],"condemn,":[196],"government":[198],"leaders":[199],"obliged":[201],"deplore,":[203],"war":[204],"crimes":[205],"atrocities":[207],"committed":[208],"before":[209],"1945.":[210],"But":[211],"here":[212],"too,":[213],"deeds":[217],"deemed":[220],"\u201ccriminal\u201d":[221],"\u201catrocious\u201d":[223],"when":[225],"judged":[226],"against":[227],"ethical":[229],"standards":[230],"developed.":[234],"This":[235],"drastic":[236],"refashioning":[237],"thought":[239],"values":[241],"has":[242],"been":[244],"easy":[246],"straightforward":[248],"process":[249],"many":[251],"Japanese,":[252],"often":[253],"positions":[255],"authority,":[258],"obstructed":[260],"it.":[261]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2017,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2015,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2012,"cited_by_count":1}],"updated_date":"2026-10-10T09:11:00.788812","created_date":"2016-06-24T00:00:00"}