{"id":"https://openalex.org/W2335876406","doi":null,"title":"Old Wine in New Bottles: Testing the Keynesian Preposition of Twin Deficit in Case of Pakistan","display_name":"Old Wine in New Bottles: Testing the Keynesian Preposition of Twin Deficit in Case of Pakistan","publication_year":2011,"publication_date":"2011-01-01","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W2335876406","mag":"2335876406"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"mag:2335876406","doi":null,"is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"http://www.ijbssnet.com/journals/Vol._2_No._5_[Special_Issue_-_March_2011]/26.pdf","pdf_url":null,"source":null,"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":null,"is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":null,"raw_type":null},"volume":null,"type":"article","indexed_in":[],"open_access":{"is_oa":false,"oa_status":"closed","oa_url":null,"any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5073024267","display_name":"Somia Iram","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[],"countries":[],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Somia Iram","raw_affiliation_strings":[],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5003040229","display_name":"M. Phil","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[],"countries":[],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"M. Phil","raw_affiliation_strings":[],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5016391439","display_name":"Shahid Ali","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9242-2136","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9242-2136"]},"institutions":[],"countries":[],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Shahid Ali","raw_affiliation_strings":[],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9242-2136","affiliations":[]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5087461754","display_name":"Mahpara Sadaqat","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[],"countries":[],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Mahpara Sadaqat","raw_affiliation_strings":[],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5024711458","display_name":"Fazli Rabbi","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[],"countries":[],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Fazli Rabbi","raw_affiliation_strings":[],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":0,"institutions_distinct_count":0,"corresponding_author_ids":[],"corresponding_institution_ids":[],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":2.5594,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":12,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.9322892,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":true},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":88,"max":97},"biblio":{"volume":null,"issue":null,"first_page":null,"last_page":null},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10007","display_name":"Monetary Policy and Economic Impact","score":0.42750000953674316,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2000","display_name":"General Economics, Econometrics and Finance"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/20","display_name":"Economics, Econometrics and Finance"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10007","display_name":"Monetary Policy and Economic Impact","score":0.42750000953674316,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2000","display_name":"General Economics, Econometrics and Finance"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/20","display_name":"Economics, Econometrics and Finance"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11621","display_name":"Fiscal Policies and Political Economy","score":0.3052000105381012,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2002","display_name":"Economics and Econometrics"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/20","display_name":"Economics, Econometrics and Finance"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10503","display_name":"Global Financial Crisis and Policies","score":0.12770000100135803,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2003","display_name":"Finance"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/20","display_name":"Economics, Econometrics and Finance"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/twin-deficits","display_name":"twin deficits","score":0.6990000009536743},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/current-account-deficit","display_name":"current account deficit","score":0.9800000190734863},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/budget-deficit","display_name":"budget deficit","score":0.9559999704360962},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/ricardian-equivalence","display_name":"Ricardian equivalence","score":0.996999979019165},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/fiscal-policy","display_name":"fiscal policy","score":0.7229999899864197},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/pakistan","display_name":"Pakistan","score":0.6169999837875366}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2776743220","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1068270","display_name":"Ricardian equivalence","level":3,"score":0.7417312264442444},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C45619296","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q17010135","display_name":"Deficit spending","level":3,"score":0.7090865969657898},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C162324750","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q8134","display_name":"Economics","level":0,"score":0.7068125605583191},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C52092804","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q56872446","display_name":"Current account","level":3,"score":0.6552507281303406},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C149782125","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q160039","display_name":"Econometrics","level":1,"score":0.5724328756332397},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C129824826","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2630107","display_name":"Granger causality","level":2,"score":0.5363024473190308},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C139719470","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q39680","display_name":"Macroeconomics","level":1,"score":0.4636268615722656},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C10688316","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q936174","display_name":"New Keynesian economics","level":3,"score":0.4618913233280182},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C31266012","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q6554340","display_name":"Linkage (software)","level":3,"score":0.449171781539917},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C145162277","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1751675","display_name":"Cointegration","level":2,"score":0.44304028153419495},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C63479239","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7353546","display_name":"Robustness (evolution)","level":3,"score":0.4184998571872711},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C165556158","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q83937","display_name":"Keynesian economics","level":1,"score":0.37681591510772705},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C524878704","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q187021","display_name":"Fiscal policy","level":2,"score":0.34853342175483704},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C126285488","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q178476","display_name":"Monetary policy","level":2,"score":0.27571478486061096},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C120527767","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3196867","display_name":"Debt","level":2,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2776988154","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q66100","display_name":"Exchange rate","level":2,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C185592680","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2329","display_name":"Chemistry","level":0,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C104317684","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7187","display_name":"Gene","level":2,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C55493867","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7094","display_name":"Biochemistry","level":1,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":1,"locations":[{"id":"mag:2335876406","doi":null,"is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"http://www.ijbssnet.com/journals/Vol._2_No._5_[Special_Issue_-_March_2011]/26.pdf","pdf_url":null,"source":null,"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":null,"is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":null,"raw_type":null}],"best_oa_location":null,"sustainable_development_goals":[],"study_designs":[],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"grobid_xml":false,"pdf":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":18,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W606346493","https://openalex.org/W1491739429","https://openalex.org/W1597646822","https://openalex.org/W1607114662","https://openalex.org/W1898262713","https://openalex.org/W1966910378","https://openalex.org/W1968753909","https://openalex.org/W2025295415","https://openalex.org/W2066823663","https://openalex.org/W2068893248","https://openalex.org/W2097580026","https://openalex.org/W2130969828","https://openalex.org/W2137360725","https://openalex.org/W2137873244","https://openalex.org/W2243792074","https://openalex.org/W2316379243","https://openalex.org/W2335559751","https://openalex.org/W3121822938"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W2243557091","https://openalex.org/W4385656172","https://openalex.org/W2121236343","https://openalex.org/W2119588844","https://openalex.org/W4289376894","https://openalex.org/W2037516450","https://openalex.org/W4402847334","https://openalex.org/W7215615375","https://openalex.org/W249781411","https://openalex.org/W7215288041"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"In":[0,134],"this":[1,114],"endeavor":[2],"an":[3],"attempt":[4],"has":[5,79,108],"been":[6],"made":[7],"to":[8,24,146,167],"investigate":[9],"the":[10,13,26,29,42,53,66,83,86,90,94,118,148,158],"linkage":[11],"between":[12,41,58,127],"current":[14,59,128,160],"account":[15,60,129,161],"deficit":[16,19,61,64,130,133,150],"and":[17,38,62,89,105,131],"budget":[18,63,132,149],"in":[20,22,65,93,113,151,156],"Pakistan":[21,97,152],"order":[23],"test":[25,82,101],"validity":[27,84],"of":[28,55,68,85,96,136],"Keynesian":[30,87,119],"stance,":[31],"which":[32,163],"states":[33],"that":[34,121,142],"there":[35,122],"is":[36,50,123,140],"positive":[37,125],"significant":[39],"relationship":[40,57,126],"said":[43],"variables.":[44,70],"Autoregressive":[45],"distributed":[46],"lag":[47],"model":[48],"(ARDL)":[49],"used":[51],"for":[52],"robustness":[54],"long-run":[56],"presence":[67],"control":[69],"For":[71],"short":[72],"run":[73],"dynamics":[74],"ECM":[75],"(Error":[76],"Correction":[77],"mechanism)":[78],"applied.":[80,109],"To":[81],"proposition":[88],"Ricardian":[91],"equivalence":[92],"case":[95],"multivariate":[98],"Granger":[99],"causality":[100],"developed":[102],"by":[103],"Toda":[104],"Yamamoto":[106],"(1995)":[107],"The":[110],"empirical":[111],"analysis":[112],"paper":[115],"partially":[116],"supports":[117],"view":[120],"a":[124],"terms":[135],"policy":[137,144],"implication":[138],"it":[139],"recommended":[141],"any":[143],"measures":[145],"reduce":[147],"could":[153],"well":[154],"assist":[155],"reducing":[157],"Pakistan\u2019s":[159],"deficit,":[162],"will":[164],"ultimately":[165],"leads":[166],"sustain":[168],"economic":[169],"growth.":[170]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2024,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2023,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2021,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2020,"cited_by_count":3},{"year":2019,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2018,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2015,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2014,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2012,"cited_by_count":1}],"updated_date":"2026-09-26T08:19:03.415552","created_date":"2016-06-24T00:00:00"}
