{"id":"https://openalex.org/W2335457905","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1021/nl3040477","title":"Optimization of Chiral Structures for Microscale Propulsion","display_name":"Optimization of Chiral Structures for Microscale Propulsion","publication_year":2013,"publication_date":"2013-01-15","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W2335457905","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1021/nl3040477","mag":"2335457905","pmid":"https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/23317170"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1021/nl3040477","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1021/nl3040477","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1021/nl3040477","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S143846845","display_name":"Nano Letters","issn_l":"1530-6984","issn":["1530-6984","1530-6992"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"listed_in":["cwts-core","dongbi-a","jufo-3","ki-jl-2","medline","norway-2","poland-200","russia-white-list-1","vabb-shw"],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310320006","host_organization_name":"American Chemical Society","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310320006"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["American Chemical Society"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Nano Letters","raw_type":"journal-article"},"volume":null,"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref","pubmed"],"open_access":{"is_oa":false,"oa_status":"closed","oa_url":null,"any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5017545632","display_name":"Eric E. Keaveny","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9103-5687","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9103-5687"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I47508984","display_name":"Imperial College London","ror":"https://ror.org/041kmwe10","country_code":"GB","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I47508984"]}],"countries":["GB"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Eric E. Keaveny","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department\rof Mathematics, Imperial College London, South Kensington Campus, London,\rSW7 2AZ, United Kingdom"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department\rof Mathematics, Imperial College London, South Kensington Campus, London,\rSW7 2AZ, United Kingdom","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I47508984"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5037361022","display_name":"Shawn W. Walker","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8027-5789","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8027-5789"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I121820613","display_name":"Louisiana State University","ror":"https://ror.org/05ect4e57","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I121820613"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Shawn W. Walker","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Mathematics and\rCenter for Computation and Technology, Louisiana State University, Lockett Hall, Baton Rouge, Louisiana 70803-4918,\rUnited States"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Mathematics and\rCenter for Computation and Technology, Louisiana State University, Lockett Hall, Baton Rouge, Louisiana 70803-4918,\rUnited States","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I121820613"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5068281815","display_name":"Michael Shelley","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4835-0339","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4835-0339"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I36672615","display_name":"Courant Institute of Mathematical Sciences","ror":"https://ror.org/037tm7f56","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I36672615","https://openalex.org/I57206974"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I57206974","display_name":"New York University","ror":"https://ror.org/0190ak572","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I57206974"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Michael J. Shelley","raw_affiliation_strings":["Applied Mathematics\rLab, Courant\rInstitute, New York University, 251 Mercer\rStreet, New York, New York, 10012, United States"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Applied Mathematics\rLab, Courant\rInstitute, New York University, 251 Mercer\rStreet, New York, New York, 10012, United States","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I36672615","https://openalex.org/I57206974"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":2,"institutions_distinct_count":4,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5017545632"],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I47508984"],"apc_list":{"value":4500,"currency":"USD","value_usd":4500},"apc_paid":null,"fwci":8.7247,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":94,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.98479409,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":true},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":89,"max":99},"biblio":{"volume":"13","issue":"2","first_page":"531","last_page":"537"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11486","display_name":"Micro and Nano Robotics","score":0.9994999766349792,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3104","display_name":"Condensed Matter Physics"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/31","display_name":"Physics and Astronomy"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11486","display_name":"Micro and Nano Robotics","score":0.9994999766349792,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3104","display_name":"Condensed Matter Physics"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/31","display_name":"Physics and Astronomy"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11170","display_name":"Biomimetic flight and propulsion mechanisms","score":9.999999747378752e-05,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2202","display_name":"Aerospace Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11115","display_name":"Topology Optimization in Engineering","score":0.0,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2205","display_name":"Civil and Structural Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/magnetic-microswimmers","display_name":"magnetic microswimmers","score":0.609000027179718},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/shape-optimization","display_name":"shape optimization","score":0.828000009059906},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/microrobots","display_name":"microrobots","score":0.8519999980926514},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/magnetic-actuation","display_name":"magnetic actuation","score":0.7110000252723694},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/swimming-speed","display_name":"swimming speed","score":0.8960000276565552},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/micropropulsion","display_name":"micropropulsion","score":0.625},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/targeted-drug-delivery","display_name":"targeted drug delivery","score":0.7680000066757202}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C179428855","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1069216","display_name":"Microscale chemistry","level":2,"score":0.9116998910903931},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C1034443","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2583685","display_name":"Propulsion","level":2,"score":0.7878898978233337},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C144171764","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q48103","display_name":"Torque","level":2,"score":0.6548680067062378},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C45374587","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q12525525","display_name":"Computation","level":2,"score":0.5932968258857727},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C136525101","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5428139","display_name":"Fabrication","level":3,"score":0.5663825273513794},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C78519656","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q101333","display_name":"Mechanical engineering","level":1,"score":0.5409648418426514},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C16389437","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11421","display_name":"Magnet","level":2,"score":0.5121269226074219},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C171250308","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11468","display_name":"Nanotechnology","level":1,"score":0.5085750818252563},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C146978453","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3798668","display_name":"Aerospace engineering","level":1,"score":0.5029215216636658},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C26517878","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q228039","display_name":"Key (lock)","level":2,"score":0.4649452269077301},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.4514906406402588},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C505695854","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11482290","display_name":"Marine propulsion","level":3,"score":0.4380819797515869},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C192562407","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q228736","display_name":"Materials science","level":0,"score":0.37112218141555786},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C121332964","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q413","display_name":"Physics","level":0,"score":0.28111469745635986},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C127413603","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11023","display_name":"Engineering","level":0,"score":0.2373352348804474},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C145420912","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q853077","display_name":"Mathematics education","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C71924100","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11190","display_name":"Medicine","level":0,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C33923547","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q395","display_name":"Mathematics","level":0,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C38652104","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3510521","display_name":"Computer security","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C204787440","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q188504","display_name":"Alternative medicine","level":2,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C97355855","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11473","display_name":"Thermodynamics","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C11413529","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q8366","display_name":"Algorithm","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C142724271","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7208","display_name":"Pathology","level":1,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[{"descriptor_ui":"D003198","descriptor_name":"Computer Simulation","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D015394","descriptor_name":"Molecular Structure","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D049329","descriptor_name":"Nanostructures","qualifier_ui":"Q000737","qualifier_name":"chemistry","is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D060526","descriptor_name":"Magnetic Fields","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false}],"locations_count":3,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1021/nl3040477","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1021/nl3040477","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1021/nl3040477","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S143846845","display_name":"Nano Letters","issn_l":"1530-6984","issn":["1530-6984","1530-6992"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"listed_in":["cwts-core","dongbi-a","jufo-3","ki-jl-2","medline","norway-2","poland-200","russia-white-list-1","vabb-shw"],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310320006","host_organization_name":"American Chemical Society","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310320006"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["American Chemical Society"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Nano Letters","raw_type":"journal-article"},{"id":"pmid:23317170","doi":null,"is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/23317170","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306525036","display_name":"PubMed","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I1299303238","host_organization_name":"National Institutes of Health","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1299303238"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Nano letters","raw_type":"Journal Article"},{"id":"pmh:oai:repository.lsu.edu:mathematics_pubs-2805","doi":null,"is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://repository.lsu.edu/mathematics_pubs/1803","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4210169993","display_name":"Civil War Book Review","issn_l":"1528-6592","issn":["1528-6592"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310315936","host_organization_name":"Louisiana State University","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310315936"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Louisiana State University"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"Faculty Publications","raw_type":"text"}],"best_oa_location":null,"sustainable_development_goals":[],"study_designs":[],"awards":[],"funders":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320306076","display_name":"National Science Foundation","ror":"https://ror.org/021nxhr62"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320306084","display_name":"U.S. Department of Energy","ror":"https://ror.org/01bj3aw27"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320333422","display_name":"Materials Research Science and Engineering Center, Harvard University","ror":"https://ror.org/01qa5ep47"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320337367","display_name":"Division of Materials Research","ror":"https://ror.org/01pc7k308"}],"has_content":{"grobid_xml":false,"pdf":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":40,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W1522153317","https://openalex.org/W1554779959","https://openalex.org/W1580724525","https://openalex.org/W1588974174","https://openalex.org/W1688941484","https://openalex.org/W1969197407","https://openalex.org/W1976703324","https://openalex.org/W1986165900","https://openalex.org/W1990416424","https://openalex.org/W1993440128","https://openalex.org/W1995664116","https://openalex.org/W1997078161","https://openalex.org/W2003691984","https://openalex.org/W2016747963","https://openalex.org/W2018108785","https://openalex.org/W2025562104","https://openalex.org/W2027348461","https://openalex.org/W2031931581","https://openalex.org/W2038953393","https://openalex.org/W2040779745","https://openalex.org/W2045777913","https://openalex.org/W2056370235","https://openalex.org/W2060553638","https://openalex.org/W2069079436","https://openalex.org/W2072327934","https://openalex.org/W2081238353","https://openalex.org/W2083106700","https://openalex.org/W2085810628","https://openalex.org/W2095805867","https://openalex.org/W2122468689","https://openalex.org/W2132820483","https://openalex.org/W2139357879","https://openalex.org/W2141916182","https://openalex.org/W2156477602","https://openalex.org/W2161381314","https://openalex.org/W2168046319","https://openalex.org/W2171506971","https://openalex.org/W2921121641","https://openalex.org/W4239173138","https://openalex.org/W4251786266"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W2510021947","https://openalex.org/W4402659216","https://openalex.org/W2313082750","https://openalex.org/W2567433174","https://openalex.org/W4309211270","https://openalex.org/W3016270439","https://openalex.org/W3135083101","https://openalex.org/W3187196471","https://openalex.org/W2323456326","https://openalex.org/W2799593130"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"Recent":[0],"advances":[1],"in":[2,69,89,115],"micro-":[3],"and":[4,40,52,100],"nanoscale":[5],"fabrication":[6],"techniques":[7],"allow":[8],"for":[9,36],"the":[10,28,32,47,70],"construction":[11],"of":[12,34,49,72,82,121],"rigid,":[13],"helically":[14],"shaped":[15],"microswimmers":[16],"that":[17,66,85,113,118],"can":[18],"be":[19],"actuated":[20],"using":[21],"applied":[22,75],"magnetic":[23,76],"fields.":[24],"These":[25],"swimmers":[26],"represent":[27],"first":[29],"steps":[30],"toward":[31],"development":[33],"microrobots":[35],"targeted":[37],"drug":[38],"delivery":[39],"minimally":[41],"invasive":[42],"surgical":[43],"procedures.":[44],"To":[45],"assess":[46,80],"performance":[48],"these":[50,104],"devices":[51],"improve":[53],"on":[54],"their":[55,122],"design,":[56],"we":[57,106],"perform":[58],"shape":[59],"optimization":[60],"computations":[61],"to":[62,110],"determine":[63],"swimmer":[64,83],"geometries":[65],"maximize":[67],"speed":[68],"direction":[71],"a":[73],"given":[74],"torque.":[77],"We":[78],"directly":[79],"aspects":[81],"shapes":[84],"have":[86],"been":[87],"developed":[88],"previous":[90],"experimental":[91],"studies,":[92],"including":[93],"helical":[94],"propellers":[95],"with":[96],"elongated":[97],"cross":[98],"sections":[99],"attached":[101],"payloads.":[102],"From":[103],"optimizations,":[105],"identify":[107],"key":[108],"improvements":[109],"existing":[111],"designs":[112],"result":[114],"swimming":[116],"speeds":[117],"are":[119],"70-470%":[120],"original":[123],"values.":[124]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2026,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2025,"cited_by_count":6},{"year":2024,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2023,"cited_by_count":3},{"year":2022,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2021,"cited_by_count":9},{"year":2020,"cited_by_count":8},{"year":2019,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2018,"cited_by_count":12},{"year":2017,"cited_by_count":10},{"year":2016,"cited_by_count":11},{"year":2015,"cited_by_count":10},{"year":2014,"cited_by_count":9},{"year":2013,"cited_by_count":10}],"updated_date":"2026-10-31T12:09:11.096373","created_date":"2016-06-24T00:00:00"}