{"id":"https://openalex.org/W2335173387","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1097/00006842-197403000-00003","title":"A Simple Psychophysiologic Technique Which Elicits the Hypometabolic Changes of the Relaxation Response","display_name":"A Simple Psychophysiologic Technique Which Elicits the Hypometabolic Changes of the Relaxation Response","publication_year":1974,"publication_date":"1974-03-01","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W2335173387","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1097/00006842-197403000-00003","mag":"2335173387","pmid":"https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/4814665"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1097/00006842-197403000-00003","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1097/00006842-197403000-00003","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1097/00006842-197403000-00003","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S78750095","display_name":"Psychosomatic Medicine","issn_l":"0033-3174","issn":["0033-3174","1534-7796","2998-8748","2998-8756"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"listed_in":["cwts-core","dongbi-b","doyens","jufo-2","ki-jl-2","medline","norway-2","poland-100","russia-white-list-1","vabb-shw"],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310315671","host_organization_name":"Lippincott Williams & Wilkins","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310315671","https://openalex.org/P4310318547"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Lippincott Williams & Wilkins","Wolters Kluwer"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Psychosomatic Medicine","raw_type":"journal-article"},"volume":null,"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref","pubmed"],"open_access":{"is_oa":false,"oa_status":"closed","oa_url":null,"any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5077078663","display_name":"John F. Beary","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I136199984","display_name":"Harvard University","ror":"https://ror.org/03vek6s52","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I136199984"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"John F. Beary","raw_affiliation_strings":["Thorndike Memorial and Channing Laboratories, Harvard Medical Unit, Boston City Hospital, 818 Harrison Avenue, Boston, Massachusetts, 02118 Department of Medicine, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts, 02115"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Thorndike Memorial and Channing Laboratories, Harvard Medical Unit, Boston City Hospital, 818 Harrison Avenue, Boston, Massachusetts, 02118 Department of Medicine, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts, 02115","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I136199984"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5110404171","display_name":"Herbert Benson","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I136199984","display_name":"Harvard University","ror":"https://ror.org/03vek6s52","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I136199984"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Herbert Benson","raw_affiliation_strings":["Address for reprint requests: Herbert Benson, MD, Thorndike Memorial Laboratory, Boston City Hospital, 818 Harrison Avenue, Boston, Massachusetts 02118","Thorndike Memorial and Channing Laboratories, Harvard Medical Unit, Boston City Hospital, 818 Harrison Avenue, Boston, Massachusetts, 02118 Department of Medicine, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts, 02115"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Address for reprint requests: Herbert Benson, MD, Thorndike Memorial Laboratory, Boston City Hospital, 818 Harrison Avenue, Boston, Massachusetts 02118","institution_ids":[]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Thorndike Memorial and Channing Laboratories, Harvard Medical Unit, Boston City Hospital, 818 Harrison Avenue, Boston, Massachusetts, 02118 Department of Medicine, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts, 02115","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I136199984"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5005023308","display_name":"Helen P. Klemchuk","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I136199984","display_name":"Harvard University","ror":"https://ror.org/03vek6s52","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I136199984"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Helen P. Klemchuk","raw_affiliation_strings":["Thorndike Memorial and Channing Laboratories, Harvard Medical Unit, Boston City Hospital, 818 Harrison Avenue, Boston, Massachusetts, 02118 Department of Medicine, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts, 02115"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Thorndike Memorial and Channing Laboratories, Harvard Medical Unit, Boston City Hospital, 818 Harrison Avenue, Boston, Massachusetts, 02118 Department of Medicine, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts, 02115","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I136199984"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":1,"corresponding_author_ids":[],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I136199984"],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":33.8362,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":253,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.99867615,"is_in_top_1_percent":true,"is_in_top_10_percent":true},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":88,"max":100},"biblio":{"volume":"36","issue":"2","first_page":"115","last_page":"120"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10708","display_name":"Mindfulness and Compassion Interventions","score":0.8285999894142151,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3203","display_name":"Clinical Psychology"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/32","display_name":"Psychology"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10708","display_name":"Mindfulness and Compassion Interventions","score":0.8285999894142151,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3203","display_name":"Clinical Psychology"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/32","display_name":"Psychology"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11334","display_name":"Psychosomatic Disorders and Their Treatments","score":0.0471000000834465,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2738","display_name":"Psychiatry and Mental health"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/27","display_name":"Medicine"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/4","display_name":"Health Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T12035","display_name":"Pain Management and Placebo Effect","score":0.03929999843239784,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2805","display_name":"Cognitive Neuroscience"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/28","display_name":"Neuroscience"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/1","display_name":"Life Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/relaxation-response","display_name":"relaxation response","score":0.9990000128746033},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/hypometabolism","display_name":"hypometabolism","score":0.8669999837875366},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/oxygen-consumption","display_name":"oxygen consumption","score":0.9430000185966492},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/co2-emissions","display_name":"CO2 emissions","score":0.996999979019165},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/respiratory-rate","display_name":"respiratory rate","score":0.996999979019165},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/relaxation-techniques","display_name":"relaxation techniques","score":0.703000009059906},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/muscle-tone","display_name":"muscle tone","score":0.6830000281333923},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/sympathetic-nerve-activity","display_name":"sympathetic activity","score":0.8050000071525574},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/quiet-environment","display_name":"quiet environment","score":0.5619999766349792}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2776029896","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3935810","display_name":"Relaxation (psychology)","level":2,"score":0.7132502198219299},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2776370487","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1144593","display_name":"Sitting","level":2,"score":0.5160210132598877},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C15744967","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q9418","display_name":"Psychology","level":0,"score":0.5056462287902832},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C23677625","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1428943","display_name":"Psychophysiology","level":2,"score":0.4780217409133911},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2992204568","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q127006","display_name":"Muscle relaxation","level":2,"score":0.43072110414505005},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C548259974","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q569965","display_name":"Audiology","level":1,"score":0.40250998735427856},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C169760540","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q207011","display_name":"Neuroscience","level":1,"score":0.3451229929924011},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C42219234","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q131130","display_name":"Anesthesia","level":1,"score":0.30141645669937134},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C71924100","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11190","display_name":"Medicine","level":0,"score":0.26903069019317627},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C142724271","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7208","display_name":"Pathology","level":1,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[{"descriptor_ui":"D000293","descriptor_name":"Adolescent","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D000328","descriptor_name":"Adult","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D005260","descriptor_name":"Female","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D006801","descriptor_name":"Humans","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D007031","descriptor_name":"Hypothalamus","qualifier_ui":"Q000502","qualifier_name":"physiology","is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D008297","descriptor_name":"Male","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D008660","descriptor_name":"Metabolism","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D009129","descriptor_name":"Muscle Tonus","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D010101","descriptor_name":"Oxygen Consumption","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D010684","descriptor_name":"Philosophy","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D011603","descriptor_name":"Psychophysiology","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D012063","descriptor_name":"Relaxation","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D012067","descriptor_name":"Religion","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D012119","descriptor_name":"Respiration","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false}],"locations_count":2,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1097/00006842-197403000-00003","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1097/00006842-197403000-00003","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1097/00006842-197403000-00003","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S78750095","display_name":"Psychosomatic Medicine","issn_l":"0033-3174","issn":["0033-3174","1534-7796","2998-8748","2998-8756"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"listed_in":["cwts-core","dongbi-b","doyens","jufo-2","ki-jl-2","medline","norway-2","poland-100","russia-white-list-1","vabb-shw"],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310315671","host_organization_name":"Lippincott Williams & Wilkins","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310315671","https://openalex.org/P4310318547"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Lippincott Williams & Wilkins","Wolters Kluwer"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Psychosomatic Medicine","raw_type":"journal-article"},{"id":"pmid:4814665","doi":null,"is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/4814665","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306525036","display_name":"PubMed","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I1299303238","host_organization_name":"National Institutes of Health","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1299303238"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Psychosomatic medicine","raw_type":"Journal Article"}],"best_oa_location":null,"sustainable_development_goals":[{"id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/3","display_name":"Good health and well-being","score":0.8048999905586243}],"study_designs":[],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"grobid_xml":false,"pdf":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":0,"referenced_works":[],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W2038374399","https://openalex.org/W218764181","https://openalex.org/W2016831688","https://openalex.org/W19396059","https://openalex.org/W1991796251","https://openalex.org/W1971757668","https://openalex.org/W4233619022","https://openalex.org/W2156824598","https://openalex.org/W1986569833","https://openalex.org/W7099936952"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"Oxygen":[0],"consumption,":[1],"carbon":[2],"dioxide":[3],"production,":[4],"and":[5,39,49],"respiratory":[6],"rate":[7],"are":[8,25,72],"significantly":[9],"decreased":[10,36,82],"during":[11],"the":[12,23,57,66,91],"practice":[13],"of":[14,22,47],"a":[15,26,33,40],"new,":[16],"easily-learned":[17],"relaxation":[18],"technique.":[19],"The":[20],"elements":[21],"technique":[24],"mental":[27],"device":[28],"to":[29,64],"prevent":[30],"distracting":[31],"thoughts,":[32],"passive":[34],"attitude,":[35],"muscle":[37],"tonus,":[38],"quiet":[41],"environment":[42],"which":[43],"is":[44],"as":[45,52],"free":[46],"visual":[48],"auditory":[50],"stimuli":[51],"possible.":[53],"Sitting":[54],"quietly":[55],"with":[56,74],"eyes":[58],"either":[59],"open":[60],"or":[61],"closed":[62],"failed":[63],"produce":[65],"same":[67],"changes.":[68],"These":[69],"physiologic":[70],"changes":[71],"consistent":[73],"an":[75],"integrated":[76],"hypothalamic":[77],"response":[78,86],"resulting":[79],"in":[80],"hypothesized":[81],"sympathetic":[83],"activity.":[84],"This":[85],"has":[87],"recently":[88],"been":[89],"termed":[90],"\u201crelaxation":[92],"response.\u201d":[93]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2026,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2025,"cited_by_count":6},{"year":2024,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2023,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2022,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2021,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2020,"cited_by_count":56},{"year":2019,"cited_by_count":6},{"year":2018,"cited_by_count":7},{"year":2017,"cited_by_count":7},{"year":2016,"cited_by_count":3},{"year":2015,"cited_by_count":4},{"year":2014,"cited_by_count":5},{"year":2013,"cited_by_count":6},{"year":2012,"cited_by_count":3}],"updated_date":"2026-11-04T10:54:05.112534","created_date":"2016-06-24T00:00:00"}