{"id":"https://openalex.org/W2334900232","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1061/40569(2001)397","title":"Optimal Monitoring Sites Based on Water Quality and Quantity in Water Distribution Systems","display_name":"Optimal Monitoring Sites Based on Water Quality and Quantity in Water Distribution Systems","publication_year":2001,"publication_date":"2001-05-15","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W2334900232","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1061/40569(2001)397","mag":"2334900232"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1061/40569(2001)397","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1061/40569(2001)397","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1061/40569(2001)397","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306504945","display_name":"Bridging the Gap: Meeting the World's Water and Environmental Resources Challenges","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":null,"host_organization_name":null,"host_organization_lineage":[],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"conference"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Bridging the Gap","raw_type":"proceedings-article"},"volume":null,"type":"conference-paper","is_traditional":true,"indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":false,"oa_status":"closed","oa_url":null,"any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5039697637","display_name":"Hyoungmin Woo","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2356-9668","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2356-9668"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4405260881","display_name":"Korea Water Resources Corporation (South Korea)","ror":"https://ror.org/04dtgat87","country_code":"KR","type":"company","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210154521","https://openalex.org/I4405260881"]}],"countries":["KR"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Hyoung-Min Woo","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Water Treatment and Supply, Water Resources Research Institute, Korea Water Resources Corporation, 462-1 Junmin-Dong, Yuseong-Gu, Daejon City, Republic of KOREA"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Water Treatment and Supply, Water Resources Research Institute, Korea Water Resources Corporation, 462-1 Junmin-Dong, Yuseong-Gu, Daejon City, Republic of KOREA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4405260881"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5081892717","display_name":"Jae-Heung Yoon","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4405260881","display_name":"Korea Water Resources Corporation (South Korea)","ror":"https://ror.org/04dtgat87","country_code":"KR","type":"company","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210154521","https://openalex.org/I4405260881"]}],"countries":["KR"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Jae-Heung Yoon","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Water Treatment and Supply, Water Resources Research Institute, Korea Water Resources Corporation, 462-1 Junmin-Dong, Yuseong-Gu, Daejon City, Republic of KOREA"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Water Treatment and Supply, Water Resources Research Institute, Korea Water Resources Corporation, 462-1 Junmin-Dong, Yuseong-Gu, Daejon City, Republic of KOREA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4405260881"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5027287742","display_name":"Doo Yong Choi","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0813-8739","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0813-8739"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4405260881","display_name":"Korea Water Resources Corporation (South Korea)","ror":"https://ror.org/04dtgat87","country_code":"KR","type":"company","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210154521","https://openalex.org/I4405260881"]}],"countries":["KR"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Doo-Yong Choi","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Water Treatment and Supply, Water Resources Research Institute, Korea Water Resources Corporation, 462-1 Junmin-Dong, Yuseong-Gu, Daejon City, Republic of KOREA"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Water Treatment and Supply, Water Resources Research Institute, Korea Water Resources Corporation, 462-1 Junmin-Dong, Yuseong-Gu, Daejon City, Republic of KOREA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4405260881"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":1,"corresponding_author_ids":[],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4405260881"],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":2.5736,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":46,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.89202009,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":88,"max":98},"biblio":{"volume":null,"issue":null,"first_page":"1","last_page":"9"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11220","display_name":"Water Systems and Optimization","score":1.0,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2205","display_name":"Civil and Structural Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11220","display_name":"Water Systems and Optimization","score":1.0,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2205","display_name":"Civil and Structural Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10969","display_name":"Water resources management and optimization","score":0.0,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2312","display_name":"Water Science and Technology"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/23","display_name":"Environmental Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T14427","display_name":"Environmental Monitoring and Data Management","score":0.0,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2308","display_name":"Management, Monitoring, Policy and Law"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/23","display_name":"Environmental Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/water-distribution-networks","display_name":"water distribution systems","score":0.9509999752044678},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/water-quality","display_name":"water quality","score":0.7960000038146973},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/water-quantity","display_name":"water quantity","score":0.9139999747276306},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/epanet","display_name":"EPANET","score":0.8140000104904175},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/integer-programming","display_name":"integer programming","score":0.8420000076293945},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/extended-period-simulation","display_name":"extended period simulation","score":0.8379999995231628},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/steady-state-simulation","display_name":"steady-state simulation","score":0.7440000176429749},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/flow-paths","display_name":"flow paths","score":0.4650000035762787}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2780797713","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q625376","display_name":"Water quality","level":2,"score":0.711373507976532},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.5698032975196838},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2777735758","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q817765","display_name":"Path (computing)","level":2,"score":0.5597088932991028},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C126255220","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q141495","display_name":"Mathematical optimization","level":1,"score":0.541199266910553},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C177264268","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1514741","display_name":"Set (abstract data type)","level":2,"score":0.5322926640510559},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2779530757","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1207505","display_name":"Quality (philosophy)","level":2,"score":0.5173634886741638},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C140779682","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q210868","display_name":"Sampling (signal processing)","level":3,"score":0.502173900604248},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C106487976","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q685816","display_name":"Matrix (chemical analysis)","level":2,"score":0.46165594458580017},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C110121322","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q865811","display_name":"Distribution (mathematics)","level":2,"score":0.4448928236961365},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C115527620","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q769909","display_name":"Nonlinear programming","level":3,"score":0.4407278299331665},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41045048","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q202843","display_name":"Linear programming","level":2,"score":0.4387030005455017},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C158622935","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q660848","display_name":"Nonlinear system","level":2,"score":0.42867782711982727},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C156340839","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2704791","display_name":"Enumeration","level":2,"score":0.4283275008201599},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C97053079","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1061108","display_name":"Water supply","level":2,"score":0.4203760623931885},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C11413529","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q8366","display_name":"Algorithm","level":1,"score":0.3329372704029083},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C39432304","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q188847","display_name":"Environmental science","level":0,"score":0.2644459307193756},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C33923547","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q395","display_name":"Mathematics","level":0,"score":0.20156431198120117},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C87717796","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q146326","display_name":"Environmental engineering","level":1,"score":0.17031344771385193},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C185592680","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2329","display_name":"Chemistry","level":0,"score":0.08574306964874268},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C43617362","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q170050","display_name":"Chromatography","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C138885662","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5891","display_name":"Philosophy","level":0,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C111472728","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q9471","display_name":"Epistemology","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C62520636","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q944","display_name":"Quantum mechanics","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C31972630","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q844240","display_name":"Computer vision","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C18903297","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7150","display_name":"Ecology","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C106131492","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3072260","display_name":"Filter (signal processing)","level":2,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C134306372","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7754","display_name":"Mathematical analysis","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C86803240","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q420","display_name":"Biology","level":0,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C114614502","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q76592","display_name":"Combinatorics","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C121332964","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q413","display_name":"Physics","level":0,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C199360897","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q9143","display_name":"Programming language","level":1,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":1,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1061/40569(2001)397","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1061/40569(2001)397","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1061/40569(2001)397","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306504945","display_name":"Bridging the Gap: Meeting the World's Water and Environmental Resources Challenges","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":null,"host_organization_name":null,"host_organization_lineage":[],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"conference"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Bridging the Gap","raw_type":"proceedings-article"}],"best_oa_location":null,"sustainable_development_goals":[{"score":1.0,"id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/6","display_name":"Clean water and sanitation"}],"study_designs":[],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"grobid_xml":false,"pdf":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":0,"referenced_works":[],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W2058052051","https://openalex.org/W2498946364","https://openalex.org/W2374357234","https://openalex.org/W2410818495","https://openalex.org/W2352937679","https://openalex.org/W2378489109","https://openalex.org/W4361215746","https://openalex.org/W2001285468","https://openalex.org/W2071707222","https://openalex.org/W4387385311"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"The":[0,142,176],"optimal":[1,95,203],"monitoring":[2,37,96,204,211],"sites":[3,212],"of":[4,18,36,80,92,144,178,195,215],"water":[5,11,20,29,42,48,63,77,101,114,125],"quality":[6,43,64,78,102,126],"should":[7],"reflect":[8],"both":[9],"the":[10,19,24,28,41,47,52,56,62,66,70,76,94,100,106,118,122,124,128,155,161,165,184,189,202,216],"quantity":[12,30,49],"and":[13,15,158,174],"quality,":[14],"be":[16],"representatives":[17],"distribution":[21,115,222],"system.":[22],"In":[23,84,121],"previous":[25,119,217],"research,":[26],"only":[27],"was":[31,50,58],"considered":[32],"as":[33,44,46],"a":[34,89,110,134],"factor":[35],"importance.":[38],"Even":[39],"if":[40],"well":[45,74],"considered,":[51],"retention":[53,71,140],"times":[54,72],"in":[55,98],"system":[57,116],"used":[59,199],"to":[60,153,200],"estimate":[61],"at":[65,127],"network":[67],"nodes.":[68],"However":[69],"cannot":[73],"represent":[75],"because":[79],"their":[81],"nonlinear":[82],"relationship.":[83],"this":[85],"paper,":[86],"we":[87],"present":[88],"new":[90],"method":[91,112,143,207],"determining":[93,159],"sites,":[97],"which":[99],"is":[103,130,151,172,181,198],"incorporated":[104],"into":[105],"optimization":[107],"model":[108,136],"with":[109,148],"different":[111],"for":[113,219],"from":[117],"researches.":[120],"method,":[123],"nodes":[129],"determined":[131],"by":[132,183],"using":[133],"simulation":[135,180],"EPANET":[137],"rather":[138],"than":[139,213],"times.":[141],"minimal":[145,193],"path":[146],"enumeration":[147],"list":[149],"processing":[150],"applied":[152],"constructing":[154],"coverage":[156,166],"matrix":[157],"all":[160],"flow":[162],"paths.":[163],"With":[164],"matrix,":[167],"an":[168],"integer":[169],"programming":[170],"problem":[171],"formulated":[173],"solved.":[175],"cases":[177],"steady-state":[179],"analyzed":[182],"newly":[185],"developed":[186],"method.":[187],"For":[188],"extended":[190],"period":[191],"simulation,":[192],"set":[194],"covering":[196],"algorithm":[197],"locate":[201],"sites.":[205],"Our":[206],"provides":[208],"more":[209],"reasonable":[210],"those":[214],"methods":[218],"two":[220],"sample":[221],"networks.":[223]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2024,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2023,"cited_by_count":3},{"year":2022,"cited_by_count":3},{"year":2021,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2020,"cited_by_count":3},{"year":2018,"cited_by_count":3},{"year":2017,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2015,"cited_by_count":5},{"year":2014,"cited_by_count":5},{"year":2013,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2012,"cited_by_count":2}],"updated_date":"2026-10-26T11:51:55.731654","created_date":"2016-06-24T00:00:00"}