{"id":"https://openalex.org/W2334844206","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1080/15435075.2014.966373","title":"Is carbon dioxide emission convergence in the ten largest economies?","display_name":"Is carbon dioxide emission convergence in the ten largest economies?","publication_year":2016,"publication_date":"2016-03-30","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W2334844206","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1080/15435075.2014.966373","mag":"2334844206"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1080/15435075.2014.966373","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1080/15435075.2014.966373","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1080/15435075.2014.966373","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S65809584","display_name":"International Journal of Green Energy","issn_l":"1543-5075","issn":["1543-5075","1543-5083"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"listed_in":["cwts-core","dongbi-d","jufo-1","norway-1","poland-40","russia-white-list-2"],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310320547","host_organization_name":"Taylor & Francis","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310320547","https://openalex.org/P4310320449"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Taylor & Francis","Informa"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"International Journal of Green Energy","raw_type":"journal-article"},"volume":null,"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":false,"oa_status":"closed","oa_url":null,"any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5100663020","display_name":"Jing Sun","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4304-9299","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4304-9299"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I108688024","display_name":"Qingdao University","ror":"https://ror.org/021cj6z65","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I108688024"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Jing Sun","raw_affiliation_strings":["School of Business, Qingdao University, Qingdao, Shandong, China"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"School of Business, Qingdao University, Qingdao, Shandong, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I108688024"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5079462108","display_name":"Chi\u2010Wei Su","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9722-8105","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9722-8105"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I59028903","display_name":"Ocean University of China","ror":"https://ror.org/04rdtx186","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I59028903"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Chi-Wei Su","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Finance, Ocean University of China, Qingdao, Shandong, China"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Finance, Ocean University of China, Qingdao, Shandong, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I59028903"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":null,"display_name":"Gui-lan Shao","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I59028903","display_name":"Ocean University of China","ror":"https://ror.org/04rdtx186","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I59028903"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Gui-lan Shao","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of International Trade, Ocean University of China, Qingdao, Shandong, China"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of International Trade, Ocean University of China, Qingdao, Shandong, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I59028903"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":2,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5079462108"],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I59028903"],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":3.507,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":28,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.93125176,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":true},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":89,"max":99},"biblio":{"volume":"13","issue":"5","first_page":"454","last_page":"461"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10438","display_name":"Energy, Environment, Economic Growth","score":0.989300012588501,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2002","display_name":"Economics and Econometrics"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/20","display_name":"Economics, Econometrics and Finance"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10438","display_name":"Energy, Environment, Economic Growth","score":0.989300012588501,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2002","display_name":"Economics and Econometrics"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/20","display_name":"Economics, Econometrics and Finance"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10471","display_name":"Climate Change Policy and Economics","score":0.007899999618530273,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2002","display_name":"Economics and Econometrics"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/20","display_name":"Economics, Econometrics and Finance"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10393","display_name":"Economic Growth and Productivity","score":0.0005000000237487257,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2002","display_name":"Economics and Econometrics"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/20","display_name":"Economics, Econometrics and Finance"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/co2-emissions","display_name":"CO2 emissions","score":0.9909999966621399},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/convergence","display_name":"convergence","score":0.6299999952316284},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/structural-breaks","display_name":"structural breaks","score":0.7559999823570251},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/carbon-emission-policy","display_name":"carbon emission policy","score":0.6460000276565552},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/climate-policy-evaluation","display_name":"climate policy evaluation","score":0.44200000166893005}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C530467964","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1997","display_name":"Carbon dioxide","level":2,"score":0.7629091143608093},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2777303404","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q759757","display_name":"Convergence (economics)","level":2,"score":0.673499345779419},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C201717286","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q938185","display_name":"Rationality","level":2,"score":0.5124833583831787},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C162324750","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q8134","display_name":"Economics","level":0,"score":0.48285990953445435},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C195048187","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q4468919","display_name":"Carbon dioxide in Earth's atmosphere","level":3,"score":0.4373672306537628},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C149782125","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q160039","display_name":"Econometrics","level":1,"score":0.4038758873939514},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C33923547","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q395","display_name":"Mathematics","level":0,"score":0.3247929513454437},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C39432304","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q188847","display_name":"Environmental science","level":0,"score":0.32043367624282837},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C185592680","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2329","display_name":"Chemistry","level":0,"score":0.21834760904312134},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C139719470","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q39680","display_name":"Macroeconomics","level":1,"score":0.17854374647140503},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C17744445","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q36442","display_name":"Political science","level":0,"score":0.10735335946083069},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C178790620","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11351","display_name":"Organic chemistry","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C199539241","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7748","display_name":"Law","level":1,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":1,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1080/15435075.2014.966373","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1080/15435075.2014.966373","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1080/15435075.2014.966373","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S65809584","display_name":"International Journal of Green Energy","issn_l":"1543-5075","issn":["1543-5075","1543-5083"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"listed_in":["cwts-core","dongbi-d","jufo-1","norway-1","poland-40","russia-white-list-2"],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310320547","host_organization_name":"Taylor & Francis","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310320547","https://openalex.org/P4310320449"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Taylor & Francis","Informa"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"International Journal of Green Energy","raw_type":"journal-article"}],"best_oa_location":null,"sustainable_development_goals":[{"display_name":"Climate action","id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/13","score":1.0}],"study_designs":[],"awards":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/G3443786587","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"15BJY155","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320306076","funder_display_name":"National Science Foundation"}],"funders":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320306076","display_name":"National Science Foundation","ror":"https://ror.org/021nxhr62"}],"has_content":{"grobid_xml":false,"pdf":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":48,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W83726618","https://openalex.org/W1491711721","https://openalex.org/W1502173616","https://openalex.org/W1581533467","https://openalex.org/W1586989314","https://openalex.org/W1588163064","https://openalex.org/W1915081868","https://openalex.org/W1963794025","https://openalex.org/W1975250765","https://openalex.org/W1980504677","https://openalex.org/W1986800572","https://openalex.org/W1986871165","https://openalex.org/W1989088509","https://openalex.org/W2003093215","https://openalex.org/W2006036700","https://openalex.org/W2012032673","https://openalex.org/W2012903564","https://openalex.org/W2021867640","https://openalex.org/W2022622730","https://openalex.org/W2025876302","https://openalex.org/W2040434996","https://openalex.org/W2041145668","https://openalex.org/W2043931882","https://openalex.org/W2059123959","https://openalex.org/W2069591388","https://openalex.org/W2075560683","https://openalex.org/W2089436992","https://openalex.org/W2095111740","https://openalex.org/W2095364399","https://openalex.org/W2097167228","https://openalex.org/W2097580026","https://openalex.org/W2115479963","https://openalex.org/W2116388354","https://openalex.org/W2117178635","https://openalex.org/W2121226504","https://openalex.org/W2122425317","https://openalex.org/W2126882788","https://openalex.org/W2131940376","https://openalex.org/W2135811495","https://openalex.org/W2142117488","https://openalex.org/W2152618379","https://openalex.org/W2159548882","https://openalex.org/W2169107902","https://openalex.org/W2997777099","https://openalex.org/W3122151903","https://openalex.org/W3124733307","https://openalex.org/W3125428136","https://openalex.org/W4243668324"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W1553050848","https://openalex.org/W2983405473","https://openalex.org/W1980504677","https://openalex.org/W2043630425","https://openalex.org/W4402794981","https://openalex.org/W4226018586","https://openalex.org/W1522359244","https://openalex.org/W2179388280","https://openalex.org/W4406253759","https://openalex.org/W3152418054"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"This":[0],"study":[1],"applies":[2],"stationary":[3,86],"test":[4,29],"with":[5],"a":[6,85],"flexible":[7],"Fourier":[8],"function":[9],"proposed":[10],"by":[11],"Enders":[12],"and":[13,17,25,40,103,136,141],"Lee":[14],"(Enders,":[15],"W.":[16],"J.":[18],"Lee.":[19],"2012.":[20],"Oxford":[21],"Bulletin":[22],"of":[23,32,43,52,77,93,101],"Economics":[24],"Statistics":[26],"74:574\u201399)":[27],"to":[28,36,63],"the":[30,41,44,48,53,68,72,91,98,128,137,148],"validity":[31,92],"carbon":[33,78,94,111,149],"dioxide":[34,79,95,112,150],"emission":[35,80,96,113],"assess":[37],"its":[38],"convergence,":[39],"rationality":[42],"existing":[45,129],"policies":[46,130],"in":[47,83,116,131,146],"10":[49],"largest":[50],"economies":[51],"world.":[54],"We":[55,89],"find":[56],"that":[57,107,110,127],"our":[58],"approximation":[59],"has":[60],"higher":[61],"power":[62],"detect":[64],"smooth":[65],"breaks":[66],"than":[67],"linear":[69],"method,":[70],"as":[71],"true":[73],"data":[74],"generating":[75],"process":[76],"convergence":[81,115],"is":[82,114],"fact":[84],"nonliner":[87],"process.":[88],"examine":[90],"from":[97],"nonlinear":[99],"point":[100],"view":[102],"provide":[104],"robust":[105],"evidence":[106],"clearly":[108],"indicates":[109],"most":[117,132],"countries,":[118],"not":[119],"depending":[120],"on":[121],"their":[122],"development":[123],"pattern.":[124],"It":[125],"implies":[126],"countries":[133],"are":[134],"rational,":[135],"United":[138],"States,":[139],"Japan,":[140],"Germany":[142],"need":[143],"more":[144],"efforts":[145],"reducing":[147],"emission.":[151]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2026,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2025,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2023,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2022,"cited_by_count":9},{"year":2021,"cited_by_count":4},{"year":2020,"cited_by_count":5},{"year":2019,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2018,"cited_by_count":4},{"year":2016,"cited_by_count":1}],"updated_date":"2026-11-04T10:54:05.112534","created_date":"2016-06-24T00:00:00"}
