{"id":"https://openalex.org/W2333830880","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1093/jahist/jau595","title":"Becoming New York's Finest: Race, Gender, and the Integration of the NYPD, 1935-1980","display_name":"Becoming New York's Finest: Race, Gender, and the Integration of the NYPD, 1935-1980","publication_year":2014,"publication_date":"2014-12-01","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W2333830880","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1093/jahist/jau595","mag":"2333830880"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1093/jahist/jau595","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1093/jahist/jau595","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1093/jahist/jau595","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S95667342","display_name":"Journal of American History","issn_l":"0021-8723","issn":["0021-8723","0161-391X","1945-2314","2326-2028"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":["anvur-class-a","anvur-scientific","erih-plus","jufo-3","norway-2","poland-140","russia-white-list-1"],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310311648","host_organization_name":"Oxford University Press","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310311648","https://openalex.org/P4310311647"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Oxford University Press","University of Oxford"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Journal of American History","raw_type":"journal-article"},"volume":null,"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":false,"oa_status":"closed","oa_url":null,"any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5068170595","display_name":"Martenzie Johnson","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[],"countries":[],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"M. S. Johnson","raw_affiliation_strings":[],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":0,"institutions_distinct_count":0,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5068170595"],"corresponding_institution_ids":[],"apc_list":{"value":4600,"currency":"USD","value_usd":4600},"apc_paid":null,"fwci":0.0,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":1,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.3611423,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":89,"max":93},"biblio":{"volume":"101","issue":"3","first_page":"995","last_page":"996"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T12765","display_name":"Race, History, and American Society","score":0.9970999956130981,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3312","display_name":"Sociology and Political Science"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/33","display_name":"Social Sciences"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T12765","display_name":"Race, History, and American Society","score":0.9970999956130981,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3312","display_name":"Sociology and Political Science"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/33","display_name":"Social Sciences"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11076","display_name":"Policing Practices and Perceptions","score":0.0017000000225380063,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3320","display_name":"Political Science and International Relations"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/33","display_name":"Social Sciences"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T14190","display_name":"Military history and social perspectives","score":0.00039999998989515007,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3316","display_name":"Cultural Studies"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/33","display_name":"Social Sciences"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/new-york-city-police-department","display_name":"New York City Police Department","score":0.8769999742507935},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/police-integration","display_name":"police integration","score":0.8999999761581421},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/race","display_name":"race","score":0.527999997138977},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/gender","display_name":"gender","score":0.9959999918937683},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/african-american-police-officers","display_name":"African American police officers","score":0.7239999771118164},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/women-in-policing","display_name":"women in policing","score":0.6819999814033508},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/police-reform","display_name":"police reform","score":0.460999995470047},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/civil-rights-movement","display_name":"civil rights movement","score":0.5260000228881836},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/racial-desegregation","display_name":"racial desegregation","score":0.5040000081062317},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/new-york-city","display_name":"New York City","score":0.6069999933242798}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C76509639","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q918036","display_name":"Race (biology)","level":2,"score":0.7947157621383667},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C95457728","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q309","display_name":"History","level":0,"score":0.4455201029777527},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C144024400","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21201","display_name":"Sociology","level":0,"score":0.3450673520565033},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C17744445","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q36442","display_name":"Political science","level":0,"score":0.33401980996131897},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C107993555","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1662673","display_name":"Gender studies","level":1,"score":0.2182084619998932}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":1,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1093/jahist/jau595","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1093/jahist/jau595","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1093/jahist/jau595","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S95667342","display_name":"Journal of American History","issn_l":"0021-8723","issn":["0021-8723","0161-391X","1945-2314","2326-2028"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":["anvur-class-a","anvur-scientific","erih-plus","jufo-3","norway-2","poland-140","russia-white-list-1"],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310311648","host_organization_name":"Oxford University Press","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310311648","https://openalex.org/P4310311647"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Oxford University Press","University of Oxford"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Journal of American History","raw_type":"journal-article"}],"best_oa_location":null,"sustainable_development_goals":[{"score":0.7578999996185303,"id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/10","display_name":"Reduced inequalities"},{"score":0.6025999784469604,"id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/5","display_name":"Gender equality"}],"study_designs":[],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"pdf":false,"grobid_xml":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":0,"referenced_works":[],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W2054544632","https://openalex.org/W4245495616","https://openalex.org/W2339392297","https://openalex.org/W3118193371","https://openalex.org/W2062068282","https://openalex.org/W2944714580","https://openalex.org/W7135184676","https://openalex.org/W566143029","https://openalex.org/W1996840983","https://openalex.org/W4244279678"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"Journal":[0,29],"Article":[1],"Becoming":[2],"New":[3],"York's":[4],"Finest:":[5],"Race,":[6],"Gender,":[7],"and":[8],"the":[9,12],"Integration":[10],"of":[11,30],"nypd,":[13],"1935\u20131980":[14],"Get":[15],"access":[16],"Andrew":[17],"T.":[18],"Darien.":[19],"(New":[20],"York:":[21],"Palgrave":[22],"Macmillan,":[23],"2013.":[24],"xx,":[25],"279":[26],"pp.":[27],"$85.00.)":[28],"American":[31],"History,":[32],"Volume":[33],"101,":[34],"Issue":[35],"3,":[36],"December":[37,44],"2014,":[38],"Pages":[39],"995\u2013996,":[40],"https://doi.org/10.1093/jahist/jau595":[41],"Published:":[42],"01":[43],"2014":[45]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2022,"cited_by_count":1}],"updated_date":"2026-08-21T09:56:20.448147","created_date":"2016-06-24T00:00:00"}
