{"id":"https://openalex.org/W2333094697","doi":"https://doi.org/10.2307/421986","title":"Social Democracy Going Down or Down Under: Institutions, Internationalized Capital, and Indebted States","display_name":"Social Democracy Going Down or Down Under: Institutions, Internationalized Capital, and Indebted States","publication_year":1998,"publication_date":"1998-04-01","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W2333094697","doi":"https://doi.org/10.2307/421986","mag":"2333094697"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.2307/421986","doi":"https://doi.org/10.2307/421986","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.2307/421986","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S2764871768","display_name":"Comparative Politics","issn_l":"0010-4159","issn":["0010-4159","2151-6227"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"listed_in":["abdc-a","anvur-class-a","anvur-scientific","cwts-core","erih-plus","jufo-2","norway-2","poland-200","russia-white-list-1"],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4365331599","host_organization_name":"City University of New York","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4365331599"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["City University of New York"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Comparative Politics","raw_type":"journal-article"},"volume":null,"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":false,"oa_status":"closed","oa_url":null,"any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5063638819","display_name":"Herman Mark Schwartz","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5571-3644","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5571-3644"]},"institutions":[],"countries":[],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Herman Schwartz","raw_affiliation_strings":[],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":0,"institutions_distinct_count":0,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5063638819"],"corresponding_institution_ids":[],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":51.3968,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":63,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.99686131,"is_in_top_1_percent":true,"is_in_top_10_percent":true},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":89,"max":99},"biblio":{"volume":"30","issue":"3","first_page":"253","last_page":"253"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10443","display_name":"Social Policy and Reform Studies","score":0.9951000213623047,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3320","display_name":"Political Science and International Relations"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/33","display_name":"Social Sciences"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10443","display_name":"Social Policy and Reform Studies","score":0.9951000213623047,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3320","display_name":"Political Science and International Relations"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/33","display_name":"Social Sciences"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11743","display_name":"Political Economy and Marxism","score":0.0017000000225380063,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3312","display_name":"Sociology and Political Science"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/33","display_name":"Social Sciences"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T13995","display_name":"Globalization and political ideologies","score":0.0010000000474974513,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3320","display_name":"Political Science and International Relations"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/33","display_name":"Social Sciences"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/social-democracy","display_name":"social democracy","score":0.996999979019165},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/internationalization-of-capital","display_name":"internationalization of capital","score":0.7910000085830688},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/foreign-direct-investment","display_name":"foreign direct investment","score":0.9039999842643738},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/public-debt","display_name":"public debt","score":0.8500000238418579},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/budget-deficit","display_name":"budget deficit","score":0.8849999904632568},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/welfare-state","display_name":"welfare state","score":0.515999972820282},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/social-wage","display_name":"social wage","score":0.6850000023841858},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/european-social-democracy","display_name":"European social democracy","score":0.6549999713897705},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/convergence-conditions","display_name":"convergence conditions","score":0.8009999990463257},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/neo-institutionalism","display_name":"new institutionalism","score":0.6570000052452087},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/internal-market","display_name":"internal market","score":0.4399999976158142}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C555826173","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7174","display_name":"Democracy","level":3,"score":0.68263179063797},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C68062652","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q214693","display_name":"Social capital","level":2,"score":0.6574301719665527},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C17744445","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q36442","display_name":"Political science","level":0,"score":0.5401270985603333},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2994507839","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q121254","display_name":"Social democracy","level":3,"score":0.4789469838142395},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C83646750","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q193893","display_name":"Capital (architecture)","level":2,"score":0.4710024893283844},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C138921699","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q47555","display_name":"Political economy","level":1,"score":0.3631356954574585},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C162324750","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q8134","display_name":"Economics","level":0,"score":0.22767791152000427},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C199539241","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7748","display_name":"Law","level":1,"score":0.16549468040466309},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C94625758","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7163","display_name":"Politics","level":2,"score":0.11860084533691406},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C95457728","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q309","display_name":"History","level":0,"score":0.08645129203796387},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C195244886","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q41493","display_name":"Ancient history","level":1,"score":0.07597002387046814}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":1,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.2307/421986","doi":"https://doi.org/10.2307/421986","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.2307/421986","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S2764871768","display_name":"Comparative Politics","issn_l":"0010-4159","issn":["0010-4159","2151-6227"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"listed_in":["abdc-a","anvur-class-a","anvur-scientific","cwts-core","erih-plus","jufo-2","norway-2","poland-200","russia-white-list-1"],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4365331599","host_organization_name":"City University of New York","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4365331599"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["City University of New York"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Comparative Politics","raw_type":"journal-article"}],"best_oa_location":null,"sustainable_development_goals":[{"display_name":"Peace, justice, and strong institutions","id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/16","score":0.46149998903274536}],"study_designs":[],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"grobid_xml":false,"pdf":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":4,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W588185747","https://openalex.org/W1986237746","https://openalex.org/W2017216029","https://openalex.org/W2055383114"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W2337219606","https://openalex.org/W1976969716","https://openalex.org/W1994868391","https://openalex.org/W4243971807","https://openalex.org/W2282078130","https://openalex.org/W1160228497","https://openalex.org/W2481034322","https://openalex.org/W2487976988","https://openalex.org/W7205001802","https://openalex.org/W4237621188"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"political":[0],"power":[1],"after":[2],"World":[3],"War":[4],"II:":[5],"internationally":[6],"immobile":[7],"capital":[8,57],"in":[9,60,76,92,101,224],"the":[10,15,31,61,70,93,102,108,118,145,148,164,175,186,189,208,213],"goods":[11],"producing":[12],"sector":[13,137],"of":[14,38,47,188,192,207,212],"economy":[16],"and":[17,33,44,46,49,55,63,72,96,130,143,179,227],"a":[18,26],"state":[19],"with":[20],"sufficient":[21],"revenue":[22],"flows":[23,83,100,105],"to":[24,127,139,173,202,221],"provide":[25],"high":[27],"social":[28,40,111,193,198],"wage.":[29],"In":[30],"1970s":[32,62],"1980s":[34,71,95,150],"both":[35],"these":[36,151],"preconditions":[37,187],"successful":[39],"compacts":[41],"over":[42,69],"wages":[43],"investment":[45,82],"welfare":[48],"incomes":[50],"policy":[51,200],"eroded.":[52],"Both":[53],"financial":[54],"productive":[56],"internationalized":[58],"rapidly":[59],"1980s.":[64],"International":[65],"bond":[66],"placements":[67],"tripled":[68],"reached":[73],"$1.6":[74],"trillion":[75],"1996.":[77],"By":[78,147],"1988":[79],"foreign":[80,168],"direct":[81],"were":[84],"running":[85],"at":[86],"three":[87],"times":[88,98],"their":[89,225],"average":[90,99],"level":[91],"early":[94,149],"six":[97],"1970s.":[103],"These":[104],"disproportionately":[106],"affected":[107],"small":[109],"European":[110,121,124],"democracies":[112],"as":[113],"firms":[114],"positioned":[115],"themselves":[116],"for":[117,233],"emerging":[119],"Single":[120],"Market.'":[122],"Many":[123],"states":[125],"responded":[126],"more":[128,131],"trade,":[129,133],"volatile":[132],"by":[134],"expanding":[135],"public":[136,160,169],"spending":[138],"boost":[140],"domestic":[141],"demand":[142],"shelter":[144],"economy.":[146],"policies":[152],"created":[153],"fiscal":[154],"deficits":[155,178],"that":[156,218],"cumulated":[157],"into":[158],"substantial":[159,167],"debts":[161],"and,":[162],"among":[163],"weaker":[165],"economies,":[166],"debts.":[170],"Despite":[171],"efforts":[172],"meet":[174],"Maastricht":[176],"criteria,":[177],"debt":[180],"levels":[181],"remain":[182],"quite":[183],"high.2":[184],"If":[185],"institutional":[190],"underpinnings":[191],"democracy":[194],"are":[195],"gone,":[196],"has":[197],"democratic":[199],"come":[201],"an":[203],"end":[204],"everywhere?":[205],"One":[206],"most":[209],"important":[210],"insights":[211],"new":[214],"institutionalist":[215],"literature":[216],"is":[217],"institutions":[219],"need":[220],"be":[222],"considered":[223],"historical":[226],"environmental":[228],"contexts.":[229],"Institutions":[230],"well":[231],"suited":[232]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2022,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2020,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2019,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2018,"cited_by_count":12},{"year":2017,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2015,"cited_by_count":2}],"updated_date":"2026-09-22T06:50:58.402377","created_date":"2016-06-24T00:00:00"}