{"id":"https://openalex.org/W2333011007","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1093/chromsci/29.6.227","title":"Comprehensive Two-Dimensional Gas Chromatography using an On-Column Thermal Modulator Interface","display_name":"Comprehensive Two-Dimensional Gas Chromatography using an On-Column Thermal Modulator Interface","publication_year":1991,"publication_date":"1991-06-01","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W2333011007","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1093/chromsci/29.6.227","mag":"2333011007"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1093/chromsci/29.6.227","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1093/chromsci/29.6.227","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1093/chromsci/29.6.227","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S144192255","display_name":"Journal of Chromatographic Science","issn_l":"0021-9665","issn":["0021-9665","1945-239X"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"listed_in":["anvur-scientific","cwts-core","dongbi-b","jufo-1","medline","norway-1","poland-40","russia-white-list-3"],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310311648","host_organization_name":"Oxford University Press","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310311648","https://openalex.org/P4310311647"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Oxford University Press","University of Oxford"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Journal of Chromatographic Science","raw_type":"journal-article"},"volume":null,"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":false,"oa_status":"closed","oa_url":null,"any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5111702397","display_name":"Z. Liu","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I110378019","display_name":"Southern Illinois University Carbondale","ror":"https://ror.org/049kefs16","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I110378019","https://openalex.org/I2801502357"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Z. Liu","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Chemistry & Biochemistry, Southern Illinois University, Carbondale, Illinois 62901"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Chemistry & Biochemistry, Southern Illinois University, Carbondale, Illinois 62901","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I110378019"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":null,"display_name":"J. B. Phillips","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I110378019","display_name":"Southern Illinois University Carbondale","ror":"https://ror.org/049kefs16","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I110378019","https://openalex.org/I2801502357"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"J. B. Phillips","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Chemistry & Biochemistry, Southern Illinois University, Carbondale, Illinois 62901"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Chemistry & Biochemistry, Southern Illinois University, Carbondale, Illinois 62901","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I110378019"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":1,"corresponding_author_ids":[],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I110378019"],"apc_list":{"value":4822,"currency":"USD","value_usd":4822},"apc_paid":null,"fwci":5.2334,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":799,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.9709773,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":true},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":99,"max":100},"biblio":{"volume":"29","issue":"6","first_page":"227","last_page":"231"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10908","display_name":"Analytical Chemistry and Chromatography","score":1.0,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1607","display_name":"Spectroscopy"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/16","display_name":"Chemistry"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10908","display_name":"Analytical Chemistry and Chromatography","score":1.0,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1607","display_name":"Spectroscopy"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/16","display_name":"Chemistry"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T13128","display_name":"Chromatography in Natural Products","score":0.0,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1602","display_name":"Analytical Chemistry"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/16","display_name":"Chemistry"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T13604","display_name":"Adsorption, diffusion, and thermodynamic properties of materials","score":0.0,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1607","display_name":"Spectroscopy"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/16","display_name":"Chemistry"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/comprehensive-two-dimensional-gas-chromatography","display_name":"comprehensive two-dimensional gas chromatography","score":0.9739999771118164},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/open-tubular-columns","display_name":"open tubular columns","score":0.8080000281333923},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/retention-time","display_name":"retention time","score":0.5170000195503235}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C185592680","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2329","display_name":"Chemistry","level":0,"score":0.8800652027130127},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C43617362","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q170050","display_name":"Chromatography","level":1,"score":0.868412971496582},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C137777109","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7858694","display_name":"Two-dimensional chromatography","level":3,"score":0.7384267449378967},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2781059571","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3706001","display_name":"Thermal desorption","level":4,"score":0.7101391553878784},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2780551164","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2306599","display_name":"Column (typography)","level":3,"score":0.627677321434021},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C123460561","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q677065","display_name":"Gas chromatography","level":2,"score":0.6232506036758423},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C198531522","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q485146","display_name":"Sample (material)","level":2,"score":0.5758752226829529},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C113196181","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q485223","display_name":"Analytical Chemistry (journal)","level":2,"score":0.558923065662384},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C72850032","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7858697","display_name":"Two-dimensional gas","level":3,"score":0.5554048418998718},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C204530211","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q752823","display_name":"Thermal","level":2,"score":0.44703027606010437},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C162711632","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q905514","display_name":"Desorption","level":3,"score":0.2592257857322693},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C150394285","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q180254","display_name":"Adsorption","level":2,"score":0.18490073084831238},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C178790620","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11351","display_name":"Organic chemistry","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C121332964","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q413","display_name":"Physics","level":0,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C66938386","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q633538","display_name":"Structural engineering","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C127413603","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11023","display_name":"Engineering","level":0,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C153294291","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q25261","display_name":"Meteorology","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C13355873","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2920850","display_name":"Connection (principal bundle)","level":2,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":1,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1093/chromsci/29.6.227","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1093/chromsci/29.6.227","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1093/chromsci/29.6.227","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S144192255","display_name":"Journal of Chromatographic Science","issn_l":"0021-9665","issn":["0021-9665","1945-239X"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"listed_in":["anvur-scientific","cwts-core","dongbi-b","jufo-1","medline","norway-1","poland-40","russia-white-list-3"],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310311648","host_organization_name":"Oxford University Press","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310311648","https://openalex.org/P4310311647"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Oxford University Press","University of Oxford"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Journal of Chromatographic Science","raw_type":"journal-article"}],"best_oa_location":null,"sustainable_development_goals":[],"study_designs":[],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"grobid_xml":false,"pdf":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":0,"referenced_works":[],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W1992727556","https://openalex.org/W6959314002","https://openalex.org/W2560503890","https://openalex.org/W802706855","https://openalex.org/W7098045873","https://openalex.org/W2136500467","https://openalex.org/W2093721681","https://openalex.org/W2984627736","https://openalex.org/W2108840456","https://openalex.org/W2097061766"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"A":[0,88],"thermal":[1,48],"desorption":[2],"modulator":[3,49],"prepared":[4],"on":[5,127],"an":[6,73,101],"open-tubular":[7],"gas":[8,37,86],"chromatographic":[9,25,38],"column":[10,26,39,45,94],"continuously":[11],"generates":[12,51],"fast":[13],"chromatograms":[14,81],"sampled":[15],"from":[16,22,35],"a":[17,23,28,43,47,52,83,97,125,132],"flowing":[18],"stream.":[19,31],"The":[20],"output":[21,34],"slower":[24],"is":[27,61,95],"suitable":[29],"sample":[30,89,108,120],"Taking":[32],"the":[33,67,107,128,136,139,142],"one":[36,93],"as":[40],"input":[41],"to":[42],"second":[44,98],"through":[46,111],"then":[50],"set":[53,78],"of":[54,79,138],"high-speed":[55,80],"chromatograms.":[56],"One":[57],"such":[58],"secondary":[59],"chromatogram":[60],"generated":[62],"at":[63,131],"each":[64,119],"point":[65],"in":[66,72,106],"primary":[68],"chromatogram.":[69,87],"When":[70],"plotted":[71],"appropriate":[74],"two-dimensional":[75,85,129],"form,":[76],"this":[77],"becomes":[82],"comprehensive":[84],"first":[90],"separated":[91,96],"by":[92,100,135],"time":[99,116],"independent":[102],"column.":[103],"All":[104],"substances":[105],"mixture":[109],"pass":[110],"both":[112],"columns.":[113],"Two":[114],"retention":[115],"measures":[117],"characterize":[118],"substance.":[121],"Each":[122],"substance":[123,140],"forms":[124],"peak":[126],"plane":[130],"location":[133],"determined":[134],"interaction":[137],"with":[141],"two":[143],"different":[144],"stationary":[145],"phases.":[146]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2026,"cited_by_count":11},{"year":2025,"cited_by_count":17},{"year":2024,"cited_by_count":23},{"year":2023,"cited_by_count":34},{"year":2022,"cited_by_count":46},{"year":2021,"cited_by_count":31},{"year":2020,"cited_by_count":48},{"year":2019,"cited_by_count":34},{"year":2018,"cited_by_count":34},{"year":2017,"cited_by_count":34},{"year":2016,"cited_by_count":41},{"year":2015,"cited_by_count":34},{"year":2014,"cited_by_count":37},{"year":2013,"cited_by_count":39},{"year":2012,"cited_by_count":39}],"updated_date":"2026-11-03T10:50:19.383937","created_date":"2016-06-24T00:00:00"}
