{"id":"https://openalex.org/W2332847148","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1056/nejm198711263172204","title":"Nosocomial Pneumonia in Intubated Patients Given Sucralfate as Compared with Antacids or Histamine Type 2 Blockers","display_name":"Nosocomial Pneumonia in Intubated Patients Given Sucralfate as Compared with Antacids or Histamine Type 2 Blockers","publication_year":1987,"publication_date":"1987-11-26","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W2332847148","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1056/nejm198711263172204","mag":"2332847148","pmid":"https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/2891032"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1056/nejm198711263172204","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1056/nejm198711263172204","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1056/nejm198711263172204","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S62468778","display_name":"New England Journal of Medicine","issn_l":"0028-4793","issn":["0028-4793","0096-6762","1533-4406","2331-4710"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"listed_in":["anvur-class-a","anvur-scientific","cwts-core","dongbi-a","doyens","jufo-3","ki-jl-3","medline","norway-2","poland-200","russia-white-list-1","vabb-shw"],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310320239","host_organization_name":"Massachusetts Medical Society","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310320239"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Massachusetts Medical Society"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"New England Journal of Medicine","raw_type":"journal-article"},"volume":null,"type":"article","is_traditional":true,"indexed_in":["crossref","pubmed"],"open_access":{"is_oa":false,"oa_status":"closed","oa_url":null,"any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5035173196","display_name":"Michael R. Driks","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I111088046","display_name":"Boston University","ror":"https://ror.org/05qwgg493","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I111088046"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Michael R. Driks","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Medicine, Boston University School of Medicine, MA"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Medicine, Boston University School of Medicine, MA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I111088046"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5108220781","display_name":"Donald Edward Craven","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[],"countries":[],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Donald E. Craven","raw_affiliation_strings":[],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5008555938","display_name":"Bartolom\u00e9 R. Celli","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7266-8371","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7266-8371"]},"institutions":[],"countries":[],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Bartolome R. Celli","raw_affiliation_strings":[],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":null,"display_name":"Marie Manning","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[],"countries":[],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Marie Manning","raw_affiliation_strings":[],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":null,"display_name":"Robert A. Burke","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[],"countries":[],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Robert A. Burke","raw_affiliation_strings":[],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5065493370","display_name":"Gail M. Garvin","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[],"countries":[],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Gail M. Garvin","raw_affiliation_strings":[],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5012467605","display_name":"Laureen M. Kunches","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[],"countries":[],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Laureen M. Kunches","raw_affiliation_strings":[],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5032869220","display_name":"Harrison W. Farber","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0297-7902","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0297-7902"]},"institutions":[],"countries":[],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Harrison W. Farber","raw_affiliation_strings":[],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5040861030","display_name":"Suzanne K. Wedel","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[],"countries":[],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Suzanne A. Wedel","raw_affiliation_strings":[],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5030847103","display_name":"William R. McCabe","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[],"countries":[],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"William R. McCabe","raw_affiliation_strings":[],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":1,"corresponding_author_ids":[],"corresponding_institution_ids":[],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":64.5477,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":742,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.99955595,"is_in_top_1_percent":true,"is_in_top_10_percent":true},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":87,"max":99},"biblio":{"volume":"317","issue":"22","first_page":"1376","last_page":"1382"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11681","display_name":"Nosocomial Infections in ICU","score":0.9994999766349792,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2706","display_name":"Critical Care and Intensive Care Medicine"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/27","display_name":"Medicine"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/4","display_name":"Health Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11681","display_name":"Nosocomial Infections in ICU","score":0.9994999766349792,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2706","display_name":"Critical Care and Intensive Care Medicine"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/27","display_name":"Medicine"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/4","display_name":"Health Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10867","display_name":"Intensive Care Unit Cognitive Disorders","score":0.0,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2706","display_name":"Critical Care and Intensive Care Medicine"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/27","display_name":"Medicine"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/4","display_name":"Health Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10322","display_name":"Respiratory Support and Mechanisms","score":0.0,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2740","display_name":"Pulmonary and Respiratory Medicine"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/27","display_name":"Medicine"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/4","display_name":"Health Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/hospital-acquired-pneumonia","display_name":"nosocomial pneumonia","score":0.9990000128746033},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/mechanical-ventilation","display_name":"mechanical ventilation","score":0.7379999756813049},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/sucralfate","display_name":"sucralfate","score":0.9490000009536743},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/antacids","display_name":"antacids","score":0.8809999823570251},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/h2-receptor-antagonists","display_name":"H2 receptor antagonists","score":0.8029999732971191},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/stress-ulcer-prophylaxis","display_name":"stress ulcer prophylaxis","score":0.9750000238418579},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/intragastric-ph","display_name":"gastric pH","score":0.7820000052452087},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/gram-negative-bacilli","display_name":"Gram-negative bacilli","score":0.800000011920929},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/gastric-colonization","display_name":"gastric colonization","score":0.8700000047683716},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/intensive-care-unit-patients","display_name":"intensive care unit patients","score":0.7070000171661377},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/mortality","display_name":"mortality","score":0.6060000061988831}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C71924100","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11190","display_name":"Medicine","level":0,"score":0.9512730836868286},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2776246392","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q420394","display_name":"Sucralfate","level":2,"score":0.8800990581512451},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2777914695","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q12192","display_name":"Pneumonia","level":2,"score":0.7033230662345886},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C1122143","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q61233","display_name":"Histamine","level":2,"score":0.5637328624725342},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2781338923","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q677449","display_name":"Aspiration pneumonia","level":3,"score":0.532254159450531},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C177713679","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q679690","display_name":"Intensive care medicine","level":1,"score":0.46611765027046204},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C42219234","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q131130","display_name":"Anesthesia","level":1,"score":0.4347045421600342},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C126322002","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11180","display_name":"Internal medicine","level":1,"score":0.37175053358078003},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C90924648","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q120569","display_name":"Gastroenterology","level":1,"score":0.3380412757396698}],"mesh":[{"descriptor_ui":"D000863","descriptor_name":"Antacids","qualifier_ui":"Q000494","qualifier_name":"pharmacology","is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D000863","descriptor_name":"Antacids","qualifier_ui":"Q000627","qualifier_name":"therapeutic use","is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D001424","descriptor_name":"Bacterial Infections","qualifier_ui":"Q000209","qualifier_name":"etiology","is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D001424","descriptor_name":"Bacterial Infections","qualifier_ui":"Q000382","qualifier_name":"microbiology","is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D003428","descriptor_name":"Cross Infection","qualifier_ui":"Q000209","qualifier_name":"etiology","is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D003428","descriptor_name":"Cross Infection","qualifier_ui":"Q000382","qualifier_name":"microbiology","is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D005260","descriptor_name":"Female","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D005745","descriptor_name":"Gastric Acidity Determination","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D006090","descriptor_name":"Gram-Negative Bacteria","qualifier_ui":"Q000302","qualifier_name":"isolation & purification","is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D006635","descriptor_name":"Histamine H2 Antagonists","qualifier_ui":"Q000494","qualifier_name":"pharmacology","is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D006635","descriptor_name":"Histamine H2 Antagonists","qualifier_ui":"Q000627","qualifier_name":"therapeutic use","is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D006801","descriptor_name":"Humans","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D008297","descriptor_name":"Male","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D008875","descriptor_name":"Middle Aged","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D010437","descriptor_name":"Peptic Ulcer","qualifier_ui":"Q000517","qualifier_name":"prevention & control","is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D010438","descriptor_name":"Peptic Ulcer Hemorrhage","qualifier_ui":"Q000209","qualifier_name":"etiology","is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D010438","descriptor_name":"Peptic Ulcer Hemorrhage","qualifier_ui":"Q000517","qualifier_name":"prevention & control","is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D010614","descriptor_name":"Pharynx","qualifier_ui":"Q000382","qualifier_name":"microbiology","is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D011014","descriptor_name":"Pneumonia","qualifier_ui":"Q000209","qualifier_name":"etiology","is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D011014","descriptor_name":"Pneumonia","qualifier_ui":"Q000382","qualifier_name":"microbiology","is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D011897","descriptor_name":"Random Allocation","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D012121","descriptor_name":"Respiration, Artificial","qualifier_ui":"Q000009","qualifier_name":"adverse effects","is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D013270","descriptor_name":"Stomach","qualifier_ui":"Q000382","qualifier_name":"microbiology","is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D013392","descriptor_name":"Sucralfate","qualifier_ui":"Q000494","qualifier_name":"pharmacology","is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D013392","descriptor_name":"Sucralfate","qualifier_ui":"Q000627","qualifier_name":"therapeutic use","is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D014132","descriptor_name":"Trachea","qualifier_ui":"Q000382","qualifier_name":"microbiology","is_major_topic":false}],"locations_count":2,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1056/nejm198711263172204","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1056/nejm198711263172204","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1056/nejm198711263172204","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S62468778","display_name":"New England Journal of Medicine","issn_l":"0028-4793","issn":["0028-4793","0096-6762","1533-4406","2331-4710"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"listed_in":["anvur-class-a","anvur-scientific","cwts-core","dongbi-a","doyens","jufo-3","ki-jl-3","medline","norway-2","poland-200","russia-white-list-1","vabb-shw"],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310320239","host_organization_name":"Massachusetts Medical Society","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310320239"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Massachusetts Medical Society"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"New England Journal of Medicine","raw_type":"journal-article"},{"id":"pmid:2891032","doi":null,"is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/2891032","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306525036","display_name":"PubMed","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I1299303238","host_organization_name":"National Institutes of Health","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1299303238"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"The New England journal of medicine","raw_type":"Clinical Trial"}],"best_oa_location":null,"sustainable_development_goals":[{"id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/3","score":1.0,"display_name":"Good health and well-being"}],"study_designs":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/study-designs/randomized-controlled-trial","display_name":"Randomized Controlled Trial"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/study-designs/clinical-trial","display_name":"Clinical Trial"}],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"grobid_xml":false,"pdf":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":35,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W1480105763","https://openalex.org/W1480420286","https://openalex.org/W1487905400","https://openalex.org/W1493925593","https://openalex.org/W1570369724","https://openalex.org/W1827077720","https://openalex.org/W1974341196","https://openalex.org/W1976387791","https://openalex.org/W2017640701","https://openalex.org/W2024888235","https://openalex.org/W2026788594","https://openalex.org/W2032911395","https://openalex.org/W2039467079","https://openalex.org/W2060186125","https://openalex.org/W2060369105","https://openalex.org/W2062951917","https://openalex.org/W2063516640","https://openalex.org/W2068549699","https://openalex.org/W2069491431","https://openalex.org/W2071637551","https://openalex.org/W2120044678","https://openalex.org/W2127494102","https://openalex.org/W2138628568","https://openalex.org/W2151407484","https://openalex.org/W2211616913","https://openalex.org/W2296999494","https://openalex.org/W2317060210","https://openalex.org/W2326979296","https://openalex.org/W2336676062","https://openalex.org/W2337267487","https://openalex.org/W2402473446","https://openalex.org/W2415928541","https://openalex.org/W4250676399","https://openalex.org/W4293242440","https://openalex.org/W4302356976"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W2151795826","https://openalex.org/W2034332918","https://openalex.org/W2006877363","https://openalex.org/W2016447360","https://openalex.org/W2395545959","https://openalex.org/W1978210068","https://openalex.org/W2000783394","https://openalex.org/W2060369105","https://openalex.org/W1973117803","https://openalex.org/W2052647157"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"Gram-negative":[0,178],"nosocomial":[1,32,254],"pneumonia":[2,33,154,191,255],"may":[3,16,294],"result":[4],"from":[5,11,184],"retrograde":[6],"colonization":[7,263],"of":[8,31,82,97,109,129,153,188,230,253,277],"the":[9,12,21,29,80,86,102,148,160,165,185,206,211,251,275,286],"pharynx":[10],"stomach,":[13],"and":[14,95,125,141,299],"this":[15],"be":[17,295],"more":[18,182],"likely":[19],"when":[20,233],"gastric":[22,62,110,137,248,262,288],"pH":[23,114,249],"is":[24],"relatively":[25],"high.":[26],"We":[27,267],"studied":[28],"rate":[30,152],"among":[34],"130":[35],"patients":[36,146,189,257,271],"given":[37],"mechanical":[38,273],"ventilation":[39,259],"in":[40,91,101,136,147,159,164,205,210,256,270],"an":[41],"intensive":[42],"care":[43],"unit":[44],"who":[45,192],"were":[46,89,180,193,201,235],"receiving":[47,194,258,272],"as":[48,157,163],"prophylaxis":[49],"for":[50],"stress":[51],"ulcer":[52],"either":[53],"sucralfate":[54,103,166,212],"(n":[55,76],"=":[56,77,176,222],"61),":[57],"which":[58],"does":[59],"not":[60],"raise":[61],"pH,":[63],"or":[64,74,117,196],"conventional":[65],"treatment":[66],"with":[67,112,190,264],"antacids,":[68],"histamine":[69],"type":[70],"2":[71],"(H2)":[72],"blockers,":[73],"both":[75],"69).":[78],"At":[79],"time":[81],"randomization":[83],"to":[84,119,173,219,238,240,297],"treatment,":[85],"two":[87],"groups":[88],"similar":[90],"age,":[92],"underlying":[93],"diseases,":[94],"severity":[96],"acute":[98],"illness.":[99],"Patients":[100],"group":[104,162,167,208,213],"had":[105],"a":[106,113,278],"higher":[107,204],"proportion":[108],"aspirates":[111,143,187],"less":[115,122,133],"than":[116,123,134,144,209],"equal":[118],"4":[120],"(P":[121,132],"0.001)":[124],"significantly":[126],"lower":[127],"concentrations":[128],"gram-negative":[130,265],"bacilli":[131,179],"0.05)":[135],"aspirates,":[138],"pharyngeal":[139],"swabs,":[140],"tracheal":[142,186],"did":[145],"antacid-H2-blocker":[149],"group.":[150],"The":[151],"was":[155],"twice":[156],"high":[158],"antacid-H2":[161,207],"(95":[168,214],"percent":[169,215],"confidence":[170,216],"interval,":[171,217],"0.89":[172],"4.58;":[174],"P":[175,221],"0.11).":[177],"isolated":[181],"frequently":[183],"antacids":[195,298],"H2":[197,300],"blockers.":[198,301],"Mortality":[199],"rates":[200],"1.6":[202],"times":[203],"0.99":[218],"2.50;":[220],"0.07).":[223],"Although":[224],"our":[225],"results":[226],"fell":[227],"just":[228],"short":[229],"statistical":[231],"significance":[232],"they":[234,242],"analyzed":[236],"according":[237],"intention":[239],"treat,":[241],"suggest":[243],"that":[244,246,269,284],"agents":[245],"elevate":[247],"increase":[250],"risk":[252],"by":[260],"favoring":[261],"bacilli.":[266],"conclude":[268],"ventilation,":[274],"use":[276],"prophylactic":[279],"agent":[280],"against":[281,291],"stress-ulcer":[282],"bleeding":[283],"preserves":[285],"natural":[287],"acid":[289],"barrier":[290],"bacterial":[292],"overgrowth":[293],"preferable":[296]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2026,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2024,"cited_by_count":3},{"year":2023,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2022,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2021,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2020,"cited_by_count":4},{"year":2019,"cited_by_count":3},{"year":2018,"cited_by_count":6},{"year":2017,"cited_by_count":4},{"year":2016,"cited_by_count":7},{"year":2015,"cited_by_count":3},{"year":2014,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2013,"cited_by_count":9},{"year":2012,"cited_by_count":10}],"updated_date":"2026-11-04T10:54:05.112534","created_date":"2016-06-24T00:00:00"}