{"id":"https://openalex.org/W2332257545","doi":"https://doi.org/10.5860/choice.33-6488","title":"Rise of the bourgeoisie, demise of empire: Ottoman Westernization and social change","display_name":"Rise of the bourgeoisie, demise of empire: Ottoman Westernization and social change","publication_year":1996,"publication_date":"1996-07-01","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W2332257545","doi":"https://doi.org/10.5860/choice.33-6488","mag":"2332257545"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.5860/choice.33-6488","doi":"https://doi.org/10.5860/choice.33-6488","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.5860/choice.33-6488","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S2764375719","display_name":"Choice Reviews Online","issn_l":"0009-4978","issn":["0009-4978","1523-8253","1943-5975"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"listed_in":["cwts-core"],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310316146","host_organization_name":"Association of College and Research Libraries","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310316146","https://openalex.org/P4310315903"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Association of College and Research Libraries","American Library Association"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Choice Reviews Online","raw_type":"journal-article"},"volume":null,"type":"book-review","indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":false,"oa_status":"closed","oa_url":null,"any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":0,"institutions_distinct_count":0,"corresponding_author_ids":[],"corresponding_institution_ids":[],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":null,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":86,"citation_normalized_percentile":null,"cited_by_percentile_year":null,"biblio":{"volume":"33","issue":"11","first_page":"33","last_page":"6488"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T13210","display_name":"Historical Turkish Studies","score":0.9746000170707703,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3320","display_name":"Political Science and International Relations"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/33","display_name":"Social Sciences"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T13210","display_name":"Historical Turkish Studies","score":0.9746000170707703,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3320","display_name":"Political Science and International Relations"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/33","display_name":"Social Sciences"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T13441","display_name":"Ottoman Empire History and Society","score":0.023099999874830246,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3312","display_name":"Sociology and Political Science"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/33","display_name":"Social Sciences"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10794","display_name":"Islamic Studies and History","score":0.000699999975040555,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3320","display_name":"Political Science and International Relations"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/33","display_name":"Social Sciences"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/ottoman-westernization","display_name":"Ottoman Westernization","score":0.8640000224113464},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/social-change","display_name":"social change","score":0.8709999918937683},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/bourgeoisie","display_name":"bourgeoisie","score":0.9610000252723694},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/ottoman-empire","display_name":"Ottoman Empire","score":0.8899999856948853},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/18th-century","display_name":"18th century","score":0.9509999752044678},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/19th-century","display_name":"19th century","score":1.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/decline-of-empires","display_name":"decline of empires","score":0.44200000166893005},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/ottoman-social-history","display_name":"Ottoman social history","score":0.42399999499320984}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C130838757","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q6498273","display_name":"Westernization","level":3,"score":0.993701159954071},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2777720223","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5255430","display_name":"Demise","level":2,"score":0.8372941017150879},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C206836424","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1510761","display_name":"Social change","level":2,"score":0.6217369437217712},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C527412718","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q855395","display_name":"Interpretation (philosophy)","level":2,"score":0.5973062515258789},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C184386139","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q52090","display_name":"Bourgeoisie","level":3,"score":0.5638576149940491},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2778495208","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q48349","display_name":"Empire","level":2,"score":0.488605797290802},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C95457728","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q309","display_name":"History","level":0,"score":0.42932984232902527},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C17744445","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q36442","display_name":"Political science","level":0,"score":0.38507676124572754},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C36289849","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q34749","display_name":"Social science","level":1,"score":0.33894413709640503},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C195244886","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q41493","display_name":"Ancient history","level":1,"score":0.32263249158859253},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C144024400","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21201","display_name":"Sociology","level":0,"score":0.272970974445343},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C53844881","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q856122","display_name":"Modernization theory","level":2,"score":0.20279201865196228},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C199539241","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7748","display_name":"Law","level":1,"score":0.14015182852745056},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C138885662","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5891","display_name":"Philosophy","level":0,"score":0.07543578743934631},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C94625758","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7163","display_name":"Politics","level":2,"score":0.06863933801651001},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41895202","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q8162","display_name":"Linguistics","level":1,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":1,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.5860/choice.33-6488","doi":"https://doi.org/10.5860/choice.33-6488","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.5860/choice.33-6488","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S2764375719","display_name":"Choice Reviews Online","issn_l":"0009-4978","issn":["0009-4978","1523-8253","1943-5975"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"listed_in":["cwts-core"],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310316146","host_organization_name":"Association of College and Research Libraries","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310316146","https://openalex.org/P4310315903"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Association of College and Research Libraries","American Library Association"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Choice Reviews Online","raw_type":"journal-article"}],"best_oa_location":null,"sustainable_development_goals":[],"study_designs":[],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"pdf":false,"grobid_xml":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":0,"referenced_works":[],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W4251761520","https://openalex.org/W2510092758","https://openalex.org/W644391431","https://openalex.org/W2503593095","https://openalex.org/W3081693285","https://openalex.org/W2143945535","https://openalex.org/W2016174942","https://openalex.org/W7218289011","https://openalex.org/W7033082309","https://openalex.org/W2479169893"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"BLExamines":[0],"the":[1,9,15,29,49],"process":[2,50],"of":[3,21,51],"Westernization":[4,34],"and":[5,11,24,46],"social":[6,37,43],"change":[7,44],"during":[8],"18th":[10],"19th":[12],"centuries":[13],"in":[14],"Ottoman":[16],"Empire":[17],"Using":[18],"empirical":[19],"analysis":[20],"archival":[22],"documents":[23],"historical":[25],"chronicles,":[26],"Gocek":[27],"questions":[28],"prevailing":[30],"scholarly":[31],"interpretation":[32],"that":[33,42],"leads":[35],"to":[36,48],"change.":[38],"Rather,":[39],"she":[40],"argues":[41],"precedes":[45],"contributes":[47],"Westernization.":[52]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2024,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2023,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2021,"cited_by_count":7},{"year":2020,"cited_by_count":6},{"year":2019,"cited_by_count":4},{"year":2018,"cited_by_count":3},{"year":2017,"cited_by_count":6},{"year":2016,"cited_by_count":5},{"year":2015,"cited_by_count":3},{"year":2014,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2013,"cited_by_count":4},{"year":2012,"cited_by_count":6}],"updated_date":"2026-10-12T09:40:04.860316","created_date":"2016-06-24T00:00:00"}