{"id":"https://openalex.org/W2331713005","doi":"https://doi.org/10.2307/1936799","title":"Foraging Strategies and the Avoidance of Predation by an Aquatic Insect, Notonecta Hoffmanni","display_name":"Foraging Strategies and the Avoidance of Predation by an Aquatic Insect, Notonecta Hoffmanni","publication_year":1982,"publication_date":"1982-06-01","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W2331713005","doi":"https://doi.org/10.2307/1936799","mag":"2331713005"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.2307/1936799","doi":"https://doi.org/10.2307/1936799","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.2307/1936799","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S35917800","display_name":"Ecology","issn_l":"0012-9658","issn":["0012-9658","1939-9170"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"listed_in":["abdc-a","cwts-core","dongbi-b","jufo-3","ki-jl-1","medline","norway-2","poland-200","russia-white-list-1","vabb-shw"],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310320595","host_organization_name":"Wiley","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310320595"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Wiley"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Ecology","raw_type":"journal-article"},"parent_works":[],"lineage":["https://openalex.org/W2331713005"],"child_works_count":0,"type":"article","is_traditional":true,"indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":false,"oa_status":"closed","oa_url":null,"any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5019799032","display_name":"Andrew Sih","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6161-1663","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6161-1663"]},"institutions":[],"countries":[],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Andrew Sih","raw_affiliation_strings":[],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":0,"institutions_distinct_count":0,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5019799032"],"corresponding_institution_ids":[],"apc_list":{"value":3970,"currency":"USD","value_usd":3970},"apc_paid":null,"fwci":15.3581,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":456,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.99728857,"is_in_top_1_percent":true,"is_in_top_10_percent":true},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":95,"max":100},"biblio":{"volume":"63","issue":"3","first_page":"786","last_page":"796"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10669","display_name":"Freshwater macroinvertebrate diversity and ecology","score":0.8593999743461609,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2303","display_name":"Ecology"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/23","display_name":"Environmental Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10669","display_name":"Freshwater macroinvertebrate diversity and ecology","score":0.8593999743461609,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2303","display_name":"Ecology"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/23","display_name":"Environmental Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10135","display_name":"Insect-Plant Interactions and Control","score":0.05040000006556511,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1109","display_name":"Insect Science"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/11","display_name":"Agricultural and Biological Sciences"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/1","display_name":"Life Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10174","display_name":"Animal Behavior and Reproduction","score":0.04100000113248825,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1105","display_name":"Ecology, Evolution, Behavior and Systematics"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/11","display_name":"Agricultural and Biological Sciences"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/1","display_name":"Life Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/predator-avoidance","display_name":"predator avoidance","score":0.8510000109672546},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/predation-risk","display_name":"predation risk","score":0.8500000238418579},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/foraging-behavior","display_name":"foraging behavior","score":0.6620000004768372},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/optimal-foraging-theory","display_name":"optimal foraging theory","score":0.9210000038146973},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/space-use","display_name":"space use","score":0.492000013589859},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/feeding-rate","display_name":"feeding rate","score":0.675000011920929},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/juvenile-instars","display_name":"juvenile instars","score":0.5199999809265137},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/intraguild-predation","display_name":"intraguild predation","score":0.6460000276565552},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/aquatic-insects","display_name":"aquatic insects","score":0.703000009059906},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/risk-sensitive-foraging","display_name":"risk-sensitive foraging","score":0.8140000104904175}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C188382862","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q170430","display_name":"Predation","level":2,"score":0.9063256978988647},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C165287380","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2916569","display_name":"Foraging","level":2,"score":0.8342766165733337},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C32476901","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2179631","display_name":"Instar","level":3,"score":0.8228545784950256},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C115961737","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1516282","display_name":"Juvenile","level":2,"score":0.7581002116203308},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C86803240","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q420","display_name":"Biology","level":0,"score":0.651920735836029},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C96857902","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2138108","display_name":"Predator","level":3,"score":0.6496556997299194},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C18903297","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7150","display_name":"Ecology","level":1,"score":0.5618074536323547},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2992008213","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q277614","display_name":"Predator avoidance","level":4,"score":0.5432850122451782},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C90856448","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q431","display_name":"Zoology","level":1,"score":0.46639320254325867},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C173758957","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q129270","display_name":"Larva","level":2,"score":0.06136932969093323}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":1,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.2307/1936799","doi":"https://doi.org/10.2307/1936799","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.2307/1936799","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S35917800","display_name":"Ecology","issn_l":"0012-9658","issn":["0012-9658","1939-9170"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"listed_in":["abdc-a","cwts-core","dongbi-b","jufo-3","ki-jl-1","medline","norway-2","poland-200","russia-white-list-1","vabb-shw"],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310320595","host_organization_name":"Wiley","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310320595"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Wiley"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Ecology","raw_type":"journal-article"}],"best_oa_location":null,"sustainable_development_goals":[],"study_designs":[],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"grobid_xml":false,"pdf":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":39,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W1514623197","https://openalex.org/W1963636068","https://openalex.org/W1969852106","https://openalex.org/W1974677091","https://openalex.org/W1982295152","https://openalex.org/W1983096747","https://openalex.org/W1994270476","https://openalex.org/W1997692492","https://openalex.org/W2005973598","https://openalex.org/W2006563009","https://openalex.org/W2016759894","https://openalex.org/W2017450701","https://openalex.org/W2020291263","https://openalex.org/W2024142792","https://openalex.org/W2027650391","https://openalex.org/W2031813233","https://openalex.org/W2032645635","https://openalex.org/W2039764706","https://openalex.org/W2048693775","https://openalex.org/W2051391503","https://openalex.org/W2055083843","https://openalex.org/W2061144016","https://openalex.org/W2063050219","https://openalex.org/W2066158981","https://openalex.org/W2074297227","https://openalex.org/W2079548395","https://openalex.org/W2087369095","https://openalex.org/W2104437410","https://openalex.org/W2118509126","https://openalex.org/W2131048885","https://openalex.org/W2148719103","https://openalex.org/W2154924840","https://openalex.org/W2177478322","https://openalex.org/W2312640569","https://openalex.org/W2313244161","https://openalex.org/W2316594722","https://openalex.org/W2325233026","https://openalex.org/W2330680244","https://openalex.org/W4285719527"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W2069319603","https://openalex.org/W2316594722","https://openalex.org/W2151525649","https://openalex.org/W2041579303","https://openalex.org/W2033873908","https://openalex.org/W2172167367","https://openalex.org/W1988843507","https://openalex.org/W2324318529","https://openalex.org/W2332548380","https://openalex.org/W3127685170"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"Field":[0],"and":[1,38,57,96,104,109,143,151,196,202,213,245,256,275,302,328,337,460,478,496],"laboratory":[2,150,195],"experiments":[3,33],"demonstrated":[4],"that":[5,35,93,110,177,366,397,446],"the":[6,25,28,67,111,139,149,152,154,159,168,194,197,214,226,232,252,257,265,271,293,295,298,303,313,315,370,374,410,413,430,437,444,454,465,471,485],"degree":[7,215,431],"to":[8,24,49,176,216,289,436],"which":[9,217,424],"an":[10,19,450],"aquatic":[11],"insects,":[12],"Notonecta":[13],"hoffmanni,":[14],"shows":[15],"avoidance":[16,115,134,433,466],"behavior":[17,160,170,448],"towards":[18],"important":[20],"predator":[21,133],"is":[22,434],"proportional":[23],"magnitude":[26],"of":[27,30,70,114,132,141,156,161,211,229,254,267,305,317,373,377,415,419,432,439,457,467,474,479,487],"risk":[29,69,228,266,304,438],"predation.":[31,230,268],"Laboratory":[32],"showed":[34,365],"I,":[36,94,200,243],"II,":[37,95,201,244],"III":[39,79,97,122,203,246,276,349],"instar":[40],"juvenile":[41,162,320],"N.":[42,53],"hoffmanni":[43,54],"can":[44],"suffer":[45],"significant":[46,390],"mortality":[47,62],"due":[48],"predation":[50,71,306,440,468],"from":[51,63,72],"adult":[52],"whereas":[55,102],"IV":[56,81,103,124],"V":[58,83,105,126],"instars":[59,98,106,204,247,277,285,330,350],"suffered":[60,341,356],"no":[61,85,128,357,404],"adults.":[64],"In":[65,147,231,312],"particular,":[66],"relative":[68,112,227],"adults":[73,101,157,172,181,206,255,279,318,332],"was":[74,222,261,307],"I":[75,91,118,274,327,407,441,483],">":[76,78,80,119,121,123],"II":[77,120,284,329],"=":[82,125],"\u00b0":[84,127],"risk.":[86],"Based":[87],"on":[88,158,319,412,476,481,490],"these":[89],"data":[90],"predicted":[92],"should":[99,107,116],"avoid":[100,426],"not,":[108],"degee":[113],"be":[117],"avoidance.":[129],"Two":[130],"measures":[131],"were":[135,164,173,182,188,220,237,323,382],"documented:":[136],"alterations":[137],"in":[138,145,178,185,192,235,251,259,270,292,300,344,359,369,388,392,400],"use":[140,210,372],"space,":[142,212],"reductions":[144,234,258,489],"movement.":[146],"both":[148,193,470],"field":[153,198,294],"effects":[155,316,411,486],"notonectids":[163,425],"determined":[165],"by":[166,207,280,333,423],"comparing":[167],"juvenile's":[169,371],"when":[171],"experimentally":[174],"removed":[175],"controls":[179],"where":[180],"present.":[183],"Alterations":[184],"spatial":[186,218,336],"patterns":[187,219],"as":[189,239],"predicted,":[190,240],"i.e.,":[191,241,283],"only":[199,242,273],"avoided":[205,278,331],"altering":[208,334],"their":[209,249,335,352,393,401,427],"altered":[221,351],"highly":[223,262],"correlated":[224,263],"with":[225,264],"laborabory,":[233],"movement":[236,250,260,301,338,402],"also":[238,324,442],"reduced":[248,345],"presence":[253],"However,":[269],"field,":[272],"moving":[281],"less;":[282],"did":[286],"not":[287,310],"conform":[288],"expectations.":[290],"Accordingly,":[291],"correlation":[296,363],"between":[297,453],"reduction":[299,358,399],"positive":[308],"but":[309,355,396],"significant.":[311],"laboratory,":[314],"feeding":[321,346,353,360,394,447,458,472],"rates":[322],"documented.":[325],"Because":[326,429],"patterns,":[339],"they":[340],"a":[342,367,389,398],"cost":[343],"rates.":[347],"Unexpectedly,":[348],"behaviors":[354],"rats.":[361],"Partial":[362],"analysis":[364],"decrease":[368,391],"central":[375],"region":[376],"water":[378],"bodies":[379],"(where":[380],"prey":[381],"four":[383],"times":[384],"more":[385],"dense)":[386],"resulted":[387],"rates,":[395],"had":[403],"such":[405,488],"effect.":[406],"then":[408],"discuss":[409,443],"predictions":[414],"optimal":[416],"foraging":[417],"theory":[418],"some":[420],"common":[421],"mechanisms":[422],"predators.":[428,462],"related":[435],"possibility":[445],"represents":[449],"adaptive":[451],"compromise":[452],"conflicting":[455],"demands":[456],"efficiently":[459],"avoiding":[461],"Finally,":[463],"because":[464],"reduces":[469],"rate":[473],"predators":[475],"foragers":[477,480],"prey,":[482],"examine":[484],"population":[491],"interactions":[492],"among":[493],"predators,":[494],"foragers,":[495],"prey.":[497]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2026,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2025,"cited_by_count":5},{"year":2023,"cited_by_count":5},{"year":2022,"cited_by_count":6},{"year":2021,"cited_by_count":4},{"year":2020,"cited_by_count":11},{"year":2019,"cited_by_count":8},{"year":2018,"cited_by_count":15},{"year":2017,"cited_by_count":7},{"year":2016,"cited_by_count":11},{"year":2015,"cited_by_count":10},{"year":2014,"cited_by_count":13},{"year":2013,"cited_by_count":9},{"year":2012,"cited_by_count":14}],"updated_date":"2026-11-12T12:28:57.059296","created_date":"2016-06-24T00:00:00"}