{"id":"https://openalex.org/W2329613207","doi":"https://doi.org/10.2307/2600700","title":"Relative Decline and the Overconsumption-Underinvestment Hypothesis","display_name":"Relative Decline and the Overconsumption-Underinvestment Hypothesis","publication_year":1991,"publication_date":"1991-09-01","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W2329613207","doi":"https://doi.org/10.2307/2600700","mag":"2329613207"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.2307/2600700","doi":"https://doi.org/10.2307/2600700","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.2307/2600700","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S91639875","display_name":"International Studies Quarterly","issn_l":"0020-8833","issn":["0020-8833","1468-2478"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"listed_in":["abdc-a","anvur-class-a","anvur-scientific","cwts-core","erih-plus","jufo-3","norway-2","poland-200","russia-white-list-1","vabb-shw"],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310311648","host_organization_name":"Oxford University Press","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310311648","https://openalex.org/P4310311647"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Oxford University Press","University of Oxford"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"International Studies Quarterly","raw_type":"journal-article"},"volume":null,"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":false,"oa_status":"closed","oa_url":null,"any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5065996503","display_name":"Karen Rasler","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I592451","display_name":"Indiana University","ror":"https://ror.org/01kg8sb98","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I592451"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Karen Rasler","raw_affiliation_strings":["Indiana University"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Indiana University","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I592451"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5009662300","display_name":"William R. Thompson","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5684-4593","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5684-4593"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I592451","display_name":"Indiana University","ror":"https://ror.org/01kg8sb98","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I592451"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"William R. Thompson","raw_affiliation_strings":["Indiana University"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Indiana University","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I592451"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":1,"corresponding_author_ids":[],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I592451"],"apc_list":{"value":4320,"currency":"USD","value_usd":4320},"apc_paid":null,"fwci":2.5358,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":5,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.9220202,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":true},"cited_by_percentile_year":null,"biblio":{"volume":"35","issue":"3","first_page":"273","last_page":"273"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11742","display_name":"Economic Theory and Policy","score":0.4140999913215637,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2000","display_name":"General Economics, Econometrics and Finance"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/20","display_name":"Economics, Econometrics and Finance"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11742","display_name":"Economic Theory and Policy","score":0.4140999913215637,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2000","display_name":"General Economics, Econometrics and Finance"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/20","display_name":"Economics, Econometrics and Finance"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10393","display_name":"Economic Growth and Productivity","score":0.1784999966621399,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2002","display_name":"Economics and Econometrics"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/20","display_name":"Economics, Econometrics and Finance"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10605","display_name":"Historical Economic and Social Studies","score":0.1679999977350235,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2002","display_name":"Economics and Econometrics"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/20","display_name":"Economics, Econometrics and Finance"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/relative-decline","display_name":"relative decline","score":0.8730000257492065},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/economic-decline","display_name":"economic decline","score":0.40299999713897705},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/consumption-and-investment","display_name":"consumption and investment","score":0.6299999952316284},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/public-deficit","display_name":"public deficit","score":0.6859999895095825},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/defense-spending","display_name":"defense spending","score":0.8159999847412109},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/budget-deficit","display_name":"budget deficit","score":0.6859999895095825},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/household-consumption","display_name":"household consumption","score":0.7350000143051147},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/economic-growth","display_name":"economic growth","score":0.6909999847412109},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/productivity","display_name":"productivity","score":0.7459999918937683},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/british-economic-history","display_name":"British economic history","score":0.6019999980926514},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/american-economic-history","display_name":"American economic history","score":0.9010000228881836},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/ibn-khaldun","display_name":"Ibn Khaldun","score":0.7870000004768372},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/political-economy-of-empire","display_name":"political economy of empire","score":0.5960000157356262},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/granger-causality","display_name":"Granger causality","score":0.7379999756813049}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C20533482","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3174091","display_name":"Overconsumption","level":3,"score":0.9130934476852417},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C162324750","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q8134","display_name":"Economics","level":0,"score":0.7148700952529907},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C30772137","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5164762","display_name":"Consumption (sociology)","level":2,"score":0.6582849025726318},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C27548731","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q88272","display_name":"Investment (military)","level":3,"score":0.5597765445709229},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C94625758","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7163","display_name":"Politics","level":2,"score":0.5034775137901306},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C204983608","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2111958","display_name":"Productivity","level":2,"score":0.4200681746006012},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C47768531","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1127188","display_name":"Development economics","level":1,"score":0.3590693473815918},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C133425853","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q60571","display_name":"Neoclassical economics","level":1,"score":0.32610082626342773},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C136264566","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q159810","display_name":"Economy","level":1,"score":0.3221237361431122},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C139719470","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q39680","display_name":"Macroeconomics","level":1,"score":0.24324864149093628},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C17744445","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q36442","display_name":"Political science","level":0,"score":0.2228720784187317},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C144024400","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21201","display_name":"Sociology","level":0,"score":0.14657315611839294},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C36289849","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q34749","display_name":"Social science","level":1,"score":0.12008434534072876},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C199539241","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7748","display_name":"Law","level":1,"score":0.11245310306549072},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2778348673","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q739302","display_name":"Production (economics)","level":2,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":1,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.2307/2600700","doi":"https://doi.org/10.2307/2600700","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.2307/2600700","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S91639875","display_name":"International Studies Quarterly","issn_l":"0020-8833","issn":["0020-8833","1468-2478"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"listed_in":["abdc-a","anvur-class-a","anvur-scientific","cwts-core","erih-plus","jufo-3","norway-2","poland-200","russia-white-list-1","vabb-shw"],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310311648","host_organization_name":"Oxford University Press","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310311648","https://openalex.org/P4310311647"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Oxford University Press","University of Oxford"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"International Studies Quarterly","raw_type":"journal-article"}],"best_oa_location":null,"sustainable_development_goals":[],"study_designs":[],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"pdf":false,"grobid_xml":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":30,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W434343112","https://openalex.org/W584595989","https://openalex.org/W1479955984","https://openalex.org/W1543037062","https://openalex.org/W1562267932","https://openalex.org/W1604667456","https://openalex.org/W1605405686","https://openalex.org/W1971131556","https://openalex.org/W1974340447","https://openalex.org/W2003694399","https://openalex.org/W2019459021","https://openalex.org/W2024195762","https://openalex.org/W2029063768","https://openalex.org/W2044368669","https://openalex.org/W2066365346","https://openalex.org/W2071990662","https://openalex.org/W2073271359","https://openalex.org/W2081845494","https://openalex.org/W2083805952","https://openalex.org/W2101451179","https://openalex.org/W2101567517","https://openalex.org/W2134971058","https://openalex.org/W2150515448","https://openalex.org/W2227839193","https://openalex.org/W2260022137","https://openalex.org/W2318663654","https://openalex.org/W2318680526","https://openalex.org/W2547816416","https://openalex.org/W2796977973","https://openalex.org/W3022147483"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W3165375529","https://openalex.org/W3164318650","https://openalex.org/W2016181396","https://openalex.org/W2906347265","https://openalex.org/W2147548292","https://openalex.org/W2102838379","https://openalex.org/W2042909827","https://openalex.org/W7096141774","https://openalex.org/W1586291825","https://openalex.org/W1987536905"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"Eventually,":[0],"the":[1,11,27,37,49,52,61,70,95,112,138,151,156,160,166,186,190,203],"economies":[2],"of":[3,14,19,23,26,55,63,79,119,149,162,189,206],"preeminent":[4],"states":[5],"tend":[6],"to":[7,10,31,76,104,170,185],"decline":[8,188],"relative":[9,187,207],"capability":[12],"positions":[13],"rivals":[15],"and":[16,41,73,121,128,131,134,141,176,201],"in":[17,48,137,165],"terms":[18],"their":[20,56],"own":[21,57],"history":[22],"growth.":[24],"One":[25],"explanations":[28],"put":[29],"forward":[30],"account":[32],"for":[33],"this":[34,64],"phenomenon":[35],"is":[36,154],"idea":[38],"that":[39,155,181],"rich":[40],"powerful":[42],"societies":[43],"spend":[44],"too":[45],"much":[46],"and,":[47],"process,":[50],"undercut":[51],"material":[53],"foundations":[54],"success.":[58],"We":[59,179],"trace":[60],"development":[62],"theme":[65],"from":[66],"ancient":[67],"Greece":[68],"through":[69],"14th":[71],"century":[72],"Ibn":[74],"Khaldun":[75],"contemporary":[77],"theories":[78],"political":[80],"economy.":[81],"After":[82],"suggesting":[83],"several":[84],"reasons":[85],"why":[86],"modern":[87,191],"system":[88,192],"leaders":[89],"(such":[90],"as":[91],"nineteenth-century":[92],"Britain":[93],"or":[94],"United":[96,143],"States":[97,144],"after":[98],"1945)":[99],"should":[100],"be":[101],"less":[102],"prone":[103],"overconsumption":[105,182],"problems":[106],"than":[107],"traditional":[108],"empires,":[109],"we":[110],"analyze":[111],"empirical":[113],"relationships":[114],"between":[115],"five":[116],"major":[117],"forms":[118],"consumption":[120,157,164],"spending":[122],"(total,":[123],"private,":[124],"nonmilitary":[125],"public,":[126],"military,":[127],"governmental":[129],"deficits)":[130],"investment,":[132],"productivity,":[133],"economic":[135,177],"growth":[136],"1831\u20131913":[139],"British":[140],"1950\u20131986":[142],"cases.":[145],"Employing":[146],"Granger":[147],"tests":[148],"antecedence,":[150],"primary":[152],"finding":[153],"variables,":[158],"with":[159],"exception":[161],"private":[163],"American":[167],"case,":[168],"appear":[169],"have":[171],"little":[172],"impact":[173],"on":[174,198],"investment":[175],"performance.":[178],"conclude":[180],"arguments":[183],"pertaining":[184],"leaders,":[193],"at":[194],"best,":[195],"are":[196],"focusing":[197],"derivative":[199],"effects":[200],"not":[202],"root":[204],"causes":[205],"decline.":[208]},"counts_by_year":[],"updated_date":"2026-10-16T09:59:22.235173","created_date":"2016-06-24T00:00:00"}
