{"id":"https://openalex.org/W2328754331","doi":"https://doi.org/10.4097/kjae.2002.43.6.698","title":"Does Bispectral Index Monitoring Detect the Sedative Effect of Epidural Anesthesia?","display_name":"Does Bispectral Index Monitoring Detect the Sedative Effect of Epidural Anesthesia?","publication_year":2002,"publication_date":"2002-01-01","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W2328754331","doi":"https://doi.org/10.4097/kjae.2002.43.6.698","mag":"2328754331"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.4097/kjae.2002.43.6.698","doi":"https://doi.org/10.4097/kjae.2002.43.6.698","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.4097/kjae.2002.43.6.698","pdf_url":"https://ekja.org/upload/pdf/kjae-43-698.pdf","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4210221379","display_name":"Korean Journal of Anesthesiology","issn_l":"0302-5780","issn":["0302-5780","2005-6419","2005-7563"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":false,"listed_in":["doaj","dongbi-c","jufo-1","kci-registered","medline","oarl","poland-40","russia-white-list-1"],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319500","host_organization_name":"Korean Society of Anesthesiologists","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319500"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Korean Society of Anesthesiologists"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by-nc","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by-nc","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Korean Journal of Anesthesiology","raw_type":"journal-article"},"volume":null,"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref","doaj"],"open_access":{"is_oa":true,"oa_status":"diamond","oa_url":"https://ekja.org/upload/pdf/kjae-43-698.pdf","any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5103611766","display_name":"Byung Cheul Shin","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I197347611","display_name":"Korea University","ror":"https://ror.org/047dqcg40","country_code":"KR","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I197347611"]}],"countries":["KR"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Byung Cheul Shin","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Anesthesiology and Pain Medicine, College of Medicine, Korea University, Seoul, Korea"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Anesthesiology and Pain Medicine, College of Medicine, Korea University, Seoul, Korea","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I197347611"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5100766113","display_name":"Hye Won Lee","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6125-187X","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6125-187X"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I197347611","display_name":"Korea University","ror":"https://ror.org/047dqcg40","country_code":"KR","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I197347611"]}],"countries":["KR"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Hye Won Lee","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Anesthesiology and Pain Medicine, College of Medicine, Korea University, Seoul, Korea"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Anesthesiology and Pain Medicine, College of Medicine, Korea University, Seoul, Korea","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I197347611"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5101579406","display_name":"Hye Won Shin","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3770-6675","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3770-6675"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I197347611","display_name":"Korea University","ror":"https://ror.org/047dqcg40","country_code":"KR","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I197347611"]}],"countries":["KR"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Hye Won Shin","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Anesthesiology and Pain Medicine, College of Medicine, Korea University, Seoul, Korea"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Anesthesiology and Pain Medicine, College of Medicine, Korea University, Seoul, Korea","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I197347611"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5064098424","display_name":"Hun Cho","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I197347611","display_name":"Korea University","ror":"https://ror.org/047dqcg40","country_code":"KR","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I197347611"]}],"countries":["KR"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Hun Cho","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Anesthesiology and Pain Medicine, College of Medicine, Korea University, Seoul, Korea"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Anesthesiology and Pain Medicine, College of Medicine, Korea University, Seoul, Korea","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I197347611"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5110390107","display_name":"Hae Ja Lim","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I197347611","display_name":"Korea University","ror":"https://ror.org/047dqcg40","country_code":"KR","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I197347611"]}],"countries":["KR"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Hae Ja Lim","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Anesthesiology and Pain Medicine, College of Medicine, Korea University, Seoul, Korea"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Anesthesiology and Pain Medicine, College of Medicine, Korea University, Seoul, Korea","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I197347611"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5100840484","display_name":"Suk Min Yoon","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I197347611","display_name":"Korea University","ror":"https://ror.org/047dqcg40","country_code":"KR","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I197347611"]}],"countries":["KR"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Suk Min Yoon","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Anesthesiology and Pain Medicine, College of Medicine, Korea University, Seoul, Korea"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Anesthesiology and Pain Medicine, College of Medicine, Korea University, Seoul, Korea","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I197347611"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5108415352","display_name":"Seong Ho Chang","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I197347611","display_name":"Korea University","ror":"https://ror.org/047dqcg40","country_code":"KR","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I197347611"]}],"countries":["KR"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Seong Ho Chang","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Anesthesiology and Pain Medicine, College of Medicine, Korea University, Seoul, Korea"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Anesthesiology and Pain Medicine, College of Medicine, Korea University, Seoul, Korea","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I197347611"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":1,"corresponding_author_ids":[],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I197347611"],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":0.0,"has_fulltext":true,"cited_by_count":4,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.28079179,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":89,"max":94},"biblio":{"volume":"43","issue":"6","first_page":"698","last_page":"698"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10436","display_name":"Anesthesia and Sedative Agents","score":0.9951000213623047,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2703","display_name":"Anesthesiology and Pain Medicine"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/27","display_name":"Medicine"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/4","display_name":"Health Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10436","display_name":"Anesthesia and Sedative Agents","score":0.9951000213623047,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2703","display_name":"Anesthesiology and Pain Medicine"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/27","display_name":"Medicine"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/4","display_name":"Health Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10189","display_name":"Anesthesia and Pain Management","score":0.004100000020116568,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2746","display_name":"Surgery"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/27","display_name":"Medicine"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/4","display_name":"Health Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11905","display_name":"Veterinary Pharmacology and Anesthesia","score":0.0003000000142492354,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3404","display_name":"Small Animals"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/34","display_name":"Veterinary"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/4","display_name":"Health Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/bispectral-index","display_name":"bispectral index","score":0.7900000214576721},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/epidural-anesthesia","display_name":"epidural anesthesia","score":0.972000002861023},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/propofol-induction","display_name":"propofol induction","score":0.7799999713897705},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/sedation-monitoring","display_name":"sedation monitoring","score":0.7720000147819519},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/depth-of-anesthesia","display_name":"depth of anesthesia","score":0.6110000014305115},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/loss-of-consciousness","display_name":"loss of consciousness","score":0.7310000061988831}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2781097354","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q4918396","display_name":"Bispectral index","level":3,"score":0.9119961261749268},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2776277131","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q422740","display_name":"Propofol","level":2,"score":0.9041043519973755},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C42219234","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q131130","display_name":"Anesthesia","level":1,"score":0.8587329387664795},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2780149897","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q216935","display_name":"Lidocaine","level":2,"score":0.7581382989883423},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C71924100","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11190","display_name":"Medicine","level":0,"score":0.7224132418632507},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2780930544","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q62962","display_name":"Hypnotic","level":2,"score":0.7141801118850708},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2776814716","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q574801","display_name":"Sedation","level":2,"score":0.6777033805847168},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2777602617","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q847705","display_name":"Sedative","level":2,"score":0.551123857498169},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C514803892","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q8609","display_name":"Hypnosis","level":3,"score":0.5111790299415588},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2910067630","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q62962","display_name":"Sedative/hypnotic","level":3,"score":0.49714043736457825},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2778891214","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q417902","display_name":"Remifentanil","level":3,"score":0.4136790931224823},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C204787440","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q188504","display_name":"Alternative medicine","level":2,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C142724271","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7208","display_name":"Pathology","level":1,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":1,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.4097/kjae.2002.43.6.698","doi":"https://doi.org/10.4097/kjae.2002.43.6.698","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.4097/kjae.2002.43.6.698","pdf_url":"https://ekja.org/upload/pdf/kjae-43-698.pdf","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4210221379","display_name":"Korean Journal of Anesthesiology","issn_l":"0302-5780","issn":["0302-5780","2005-6419","2005-7563"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":false,"listed_in":["doaj","dongbi-c","jufo-1","kci-registered","medline","oarl","poland-40","russia-white-list-1"],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319500","host_organization_name":"Korean Society of Anesthesiologists","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319500"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Korean Society of Anesthesiologists"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by-nc","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by-nc","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Korean Journal of Anesthesiology","raw_type":"journal-article"}],"best_oa_location":{"id":"doi:10.4097/kjae.2002.43.6.698","doi":"https://doi.org/10.4097/kjae.2002.43.6.698","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.4097/kjae.2002.43.6.698","pdf_url":"https://ekja.org/upload/pdf/kjae-43-698.pdf","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4210221379","display_name":"Korean Journal of Anesthesiology","issn_l":"0302-5780","issn":["0302-5780","2005-6419","2005-7563"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":false,"listed_in":["doaj","dongbi-c","jufo-1","kci-registered","medline","oarl","poland-40","russia-white-list-1"],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319500","host_organization_name":"Korean Society of Anesthesiologists","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319500"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Korean Society of Anesthesiologists"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by-nc","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by-nc","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Korean Journal of Anesthesiology","raw_type":"journal-article"},"sustainable_development_goals":[{"score":0.9763000011444092,"display_name":"Good health and well-being","id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/3"}],"study_designs":[],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"grobid_xml":true,"pdf":true},"content_urls":{"pdf":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W2328754331.pdf","grobid_xml":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W2328754331.grobid-xml"},"referenced_works_count":12,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W2007431508","https://openalex.org/W2027693441","https://openalex.org/W2031728051","https://openalex.org/W2045610659","https://openalex.org/W2049289092","https://openalex.org/W2063636051","https://openalex.org/W2107038257","https://openalex.org/W2110514380","https://openalex.org/W2158698128","https://openalex.org/W2159381348","https://openalex.org/W2414227668","https://openalex.org/W4252077156"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W2381436254","https://openalex.org/W2332334031","https://openalex.org/W2060227583","https://openalex.org/W2107038257","https://openalex.org/W2912300990","https://openalex.org/W7055397754","https://openalex.org/W3155726009","https://openalex.org/W2018727929","https://openalex.org/W2134161729","https://openalex.org/W2150641541"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"Background:":[0],"Epidural":[1,149,250],"anesthesia":[2,59,95,215,233,239,251],"has":[3],"been":[4],"shown":[5],"to":[6,13,88,127],"a":[7,28,208,253,257,276],"have":[8],"direct":[9],"sedative":[10,55,254,293],"effect":[11,56,77,143,185,255,294],"and":[12,36,106,145,182,216,262],"markedly":[14],"reduce":[15],"the":[16,32,54,89,101,133,139,153,183,197,202,211,220,260,265,272,292],"amount":[17],"of":[18,31,34,38,57,84,116,122,135,137,156,210,222,224,259,270,274],"hypnotic":[19,154,168,184],"agents":[20],"required":[21],"for":[22,40,66],"sedation.A":[23],"Bispectral":[24],"Index":[25],"(BIS)":[26],"is":[27],"useful":[29],"monitor":[30],"level":[33],"sedation":[35],"loss":[37,121],"consciousness":[39],"several":[41],"anesthetics":[42],"including":[43],"propofol.In":[44],"this":[45],"study,":[46],"we":[47],"investigated":[48],"whether":[49],"BIS":[50,107,146,212,217,261,278,287],"monitoring":[51,288],"could":[52,289],"detect":[53,291],"epidural":[58,94,113,200,214,232,238,282,297],"during":[60],"propofol":[61,85,117,157],"induction.Methods:":[62],"Twenty":[63],"patients":[64,90,198,230,236],"scheduled":[65],"elective":[67],"lower":[68],"abdominal":[69],"surgery":[70],"were":[71,108,118,147],"included.A":[72],"Target":[73],"controlled":[74],"infusion":[75],"(target":[76],"concentration":[78,144,170,186],"5\u03bcg/ml,":[79],"induction":[80,136,223],"time":[81,134,221,273],"3":[82],"min)":[83],"was":[86,205,226,279],"administered":[87],"with":[91,199,231,267,281,296],"or":[92],"without":[93,207,237,256],"(2%":[96],"lidocaine":[97,150],"15":[98],"ml)":[99],"at":[100,219],"L2-3":[102],"level.The":[103],"OAA/S":[104,203],"scale":[105,204],"evaluated":[109],"20":[110],"min":[111],"after":[112,213],"injection.Hypnotic":[114],"requirements":[115],"determined":[119],"using":[120],"eye":[123],"opening":[124],"in":[125,229,235],"response":[126],"verbal":[128],"command":[129],"as":[130],"an":[131],"endpoint.At":[132],"hypnosis,":[138,275],"target":[140,142],"concentration,":[141],"recorded.Results:":[148],"significantly":[151],"decreased":[152,206],"dose":[155,269],"(1.0":[158],"\u00b1":[159,163,172,176,188,192,241,245],"0.2\u03bcg/ml":[160],"vs.":[161,174,190,243],"1.3":[162],"0.1\u03bcg/ml;":[164,193],"P":[165,179,194,247],"=":[166,180,195,248],"0.0008),":[167],"calculated":[169],"(3.3":[171],"0.6\u03bcg/ml":[173],"4.1":[175],"0.3":[177],"\u03bcg/ml;":[178],"0.0007),":[181],"(0.7":[187],"0.3\u03bcg/ml":[189],"1.1":[191],"0.0007).In":[196],"anesthesia,":[201],"change":[209,258],"recorded":[218],"hypnosis":[225,266],"much":[227],"higher":[228,277],"than":[234],"(92.7":[240],"2.2":[242],"85.5":[244],"6.2;":[246],"0.0029)Conclusions:":[249],"induced":[252,264,295],"then":[263],"lesser":[268],"propofol.At":[271],"noticed":[280],"anestheia.These":[283],"results":[284],"concluded":[285],"that":[286],"not":[290],"anesthesia.(Korean":[298],"J":[299],"Anesthesiol":[300],"2002":[301]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2013,"cited_by_count":1}],"updated_date":"2026-10-12T09:40:04.860316","created_date":"2016-06-24T00:00:00"}
