{"id":"https://openalex.org/W2328296012","doi":null,"title":"The Diffusion of a Social Innovation: Executive Stock Options from 1936\u20132005","display_name":"The Diffusion of a Social Innovation: Executive Stock Options from 1936\u20132005","publication_year":2016,"publication_date":"2016-01-25","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W2328296012","mag":"2328296012"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"mag:2328296012","doi":null,"is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://econpapers.repec.org/RePEc:oxf:wpaper:777","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306401271","display_name":"RePEc: Research Papers in Economics","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I77793887","host_organization_name":"Federal Reserve Bank of St. Louis","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I77793887"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"RePEc: Research Papers in Economics","raw_type":null},"volume":null,"type":"preprint","is_traditional":true,"indexed_in":[],"open_access":{"is_oa":false,"oa_status":"closed","oa_url":null,"any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5089887830","display_name":"Harrison Young","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[],"countries":[],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Harrison Young","raw_affiliation_strings":[],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5019646369","display_name":"Lucas Merrill Brown","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[],"countries":[],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Lucas Merrill Brown","raw_affiliation_strings":[],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":0,"institutions_distinct_count":0,"corresponding_author_ids":[],"corresponding_institution_ids":[],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":null,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":1,"citation_normalized_percentile":null,"cited_by_percentile_year":null,"biblio":{"volume":null,"issue":null,"first_page":null,"last_page":null},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10019","display_name":"Corporate Finance and Governance","score":0.8579000234603882,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2003","display_name":"Finance"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/20","display_name":"Economics, Econometrics and Finance"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10019","display_name":"Corporate Finance and Governance","score":0.8579000234603882,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2003","display_name":"Finance"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/20","display_name":"Economics, Econometrics and Finance"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T12659","display_name":"Innovation Diffusion and Forecasting","score":0.03449999913573265,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1803","display_name":"Management Science and Operations Research"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/18","display_name":"Decision Sciences"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T12851","display_name":"Firm Innovation and Growth","score":0.010099999606609344,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2002","display_name":"Economics and Econometrics"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/20","display_name":"Economics, Econometrics and Finance"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/executive-stock-options","display_name":"executive stock options","score":0.9879999756813049},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/diffusion-of-innovations","display_name":"diffusion of innovations","score":0.7770000100135803},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/corporate-compensation","display_name":"corporate compensation","score":0.5440000295639038},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/tax-law-amendments","display_name":"tax law amendments","score":0.6079999804496765},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/conformity","display_name":"conformity","score":0.550000011920929},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/bandwagon-effect","display_name":"bandwagon effect","score":0.875},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/us-firms","display_name":"US firms","score":0.38600000739097595}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C52416528","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q955199","display_name":"Bandwagon effect","level":2,"score":0.9446390867233276},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C142172996","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q221284","display_name":"Conformity","level":2,"score":0.5957096219062805},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C204036174","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q909380","display_name":"Stock (firearms)","level":2,"score":0.5674917101860046},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2780695682","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q4005959","display_name":"Jump","level":2,"score":0.5312799215316772},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C3017619653","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q187860","display_name":"Stock options","level":2,"score":0.4945361316204071},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C125502","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1153279","display_name":"Early adopter","level":2,"score":0.4866712689399719},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2779664328","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q6311158","display_name":"Jump diffusion","level":3,"score":0.4487598240375519},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C162324750","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q8134","display_name":"Economics","level":0,"score":0.4210200905799866},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C144133560","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q4830453","display_name":"Business","level":0,"score":0.393943190574646},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C106159729","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2294553","display_name":"Financial economics","level":1,"score":0.38379693031311035},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C149782125","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q160039","display_name":"Econometrics","level":1,"score":0.33038806915283203},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C162853370","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q39809","display_name":"Marketing","level":1,"score":0.1734175980091095},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C17744445","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q36442","display_name":"Political science","level":0,"score":0.15784737467765808},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C10138342","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q43015","display_name":"Finance","level":1,"score":0.1197754442691803},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C199539241","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7748","display_name":"Law","level":1,"score":0.11269336938858032},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C205649164","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1071","display_name":"Geography","level":0,"score":0.10804244875907898},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C121332964","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q413","display_name":"Physics","level":0,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C62520636","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q944","display_name":"Quantum mechanics","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C166957645","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q23498","display_name":"Archaeology","level":1,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":1,"locations":[{"id":"mag:2328296012","doi":null,"is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://econpapers.repec.org/RePEc:oxf:wpaper:777","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306401271","display_name":"RePEc: Research Papers in Economics","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I77793887","host_organization_name":"Federal Reserve Bank of St. Louis","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I77793887"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"RePEc: Research Papers in Economics","raw_type":null}],"best_oa_location":null,"sustainable_development_goals":[],"study_designs":[],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"pdf":false,"grobid_xml":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":0,"referenced_works":[],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W7046606539","https://openalex.org/W2068094419","https://openalex.org/W7097798539","https://openalex.org/W2277199440","https://openalex.org/W7100499245","https://openalex.org/W638979766","https://openalex.org/W3124835016","https://openalex.org/W7213330012","https://openalex.org/W3180305875","https://openalex.org/W7095515322"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"Abstract:":[0],"We":[1],"study":[2],"the":[3,20,28,48,69,74,87,103,120,127],"increasing":[4],"use":[5],"of":[6,39,58,76,105],"stock":[7],"options":[8,77,111],"to":[9],"compensate":[10],"executives":[11],"in":[12,86,98],"US":[13],"corporations.":[14],"As":[15],"with":[16,64],"many":[17],"technological":[18],"innovations,":[19],"adoption":[21],"curve":[22],"exhibits":[23],"a":[24,37,54,81,84,96],"classic":[25],"S-shaped":[26],"pattern:":[27],"rate":[29],"rises":[30],"slowly":[31],"at":[32],"first,":[33],"then":[34],"there":[35],"is":[36,51,122],"period":[38],"rapid":[40],"acceleration,":[41],"and":[42,60],"finally":[43],"it":[44,92],"tails":[45],"off":[46],"as":[47],"saturation":[49],"level":[50],"approached.":[52],"Using":[53],"longitudinal":[55],"data":[56],"set":[57],"Frydman":[59],"Saks":[61],"(2010)":[62],"supplemented":[63],"financial":[65],"reports":[66],"compiled":[67],"by":[68,83,95,126],"authors,":[70],"we":[71],"argue":[72],"that":[73,110],"diffusion":[75],"was":[78,93],"initially":[79],"given":[80],"jump-start":[82],"change":[85],"tax":[88],"law,":[89],"but":[90],"thereafter":[91],"propelled":[94],"process":[97],"which":[99],"firms":[100],"learned":[101],"from":[102],"experience":[104],"earlier":[106],"adopters.":[107],"The":[108],"notion":[109],"spread":[112],"primarily":[113],"through":[114],"social":[115],"conformity":[116],"or":[117],"\u2018jumping":[118],"on":[119],"bandwagon\u2019":[121],"not":[123],"borne":[124],"out":[125],"data.":[128]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2015,"cited_by_count":1}],"updated_date":"2026-11-08T12:12:28.789561","created_date":"2016-06-24T00:00:00"}
