{"id":"https://openalex.org/W2328214898","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1227/01.neu.0000454759.37496.ba","title":"Bipolar vs Monopolar Stimulation for Cortical Mapping","display_name":"Bipolar vs Monopolar Stimulation for Cortical Mapping","publication_year":2014,"publication_date":"2014-09-19","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W2328214898","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1227/01.neu.0000454759.37496.ba","mag":"2328214898","pmid":"https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/25232788"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1227/01.neu.0000454759.37496.ba","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1227/01.neu.0000454759.37496.ba","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1227/01.neu.0000454759.37496.ba","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S111727011","display_name":"Neurosurgery","issn_l":"0148-396X","issn":["0148-396X","1081-1281","1524-4040"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"listed_in":["anvur-scientific","cwts-core","dongbi-b","doyens","jufo-2","ki-jl-2","medline","norway-2","poland-100","russia-white-list-1","vabb-shw"],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310315671","host_organization_name":"Lippincott Williams & Wilkins","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310315671","https://openalex.org/P4310318547"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Lippincott Williams & Wilkins","Wolters Kluwer"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Neurosurgery","raw_type":"journal-article"},"volume":null,"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref","pubmed"],"open_access":{"is_oa":false,"oa_status":"closed","oa_url":null,"any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5103229670","display_name":"Ishita Basu","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1550-8643","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1550-8643"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I145311948","display_name":"Johns Hopkins University","ror":"https://ror.org/00za53h95","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I145311948"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Ishita Basu","raw_affiliation_strings":["Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, Maryland"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, Maryland","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I145311948"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5043335263","display_name":"William Stanley Anderson","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0958-050X","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0958-050X"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I145311948","display_name":"Johns Hopkins University","ror":"https://ror.org/00za53h95","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I145311948"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"William Anderson","raw_affiliation_strings":["Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, Maryland"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, Maryland","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I145311948"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":1,"corresponding_author_ids":[],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I145311948"],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":0.0,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":3,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.28163315,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":88,"max":94},"biblio":{"volume":"75","issue":"4","first_page":"N16","last_page":"N17"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10094","display_name":"Epilepsy research and treatment","score":0.8788999915122986,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2738","display_name":"Psychiatry and Mental health"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/27","display_name":"Medicine"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/4","display_name":"Health Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10094","display_name":"Epilepsy research and treatment","score":0.8788999915122986,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2738","display_name":"Psychiatry and Mental health"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/27","display_name":"Medicine"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/4","display_name":"Health Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10919","display_name":"Neurological disorders and treatments","score":0.04610000178217888,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2728","display_name":"Neurology"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/27","display_name":"Medicine"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/4","display_name":"Health Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11601","display_name":"Neuroscience and Neural Engineering","score":0.018300000578165054,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2804","display_name":"Cellular and Molecular Neuroscience"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/28","display_name":"Neuroscience"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/1","display_name":"Life Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/bipolar-stimulation","display_name":"bipolar stimulation","score":0.9760000109672546},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/monopolar-stimulation","display_name":"monopolar stimulation","score":1.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/eloquent-cortex-mapping","display_name":"eloquent cortex mapping","score":0.9010000228881836},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/drug-resistant-epilepsy","display_name":"drug-resistant epilepsy","score":0.7250000238418579},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/frontal-lobe-epilepsy","display_name":"frontal lobe epilepsy","score":0.8230000138282776},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/afterdischarge","display_name":"afterdischarge","score":0.8880000114440918},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/motor-cortex-mapping","display_name":"motor cortex mapping","score":0.5809999704360962},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/language-mapping","display_name":"language mapping","score":0.6290000081062317},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/intracranial-monitoring","display_name":"intracranial monitoring","score":0.6359999775886536},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/preoperative-assessment","display_name":"preoperative assessment","score":0.765999972820282},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/stimulation-intensity","display_name":"stimulation intensity","score":0.4959999918937683},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/hand-movement","display_name":"hand movement","score":0.36000001430511475},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/epilepsy-surgery-planning","display_name":"epilepsy surgery planning","score":0.4269999861717224},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/electrocorticography","display_name":"electrocorticography","score":0.40700000524520874}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C71924100","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11190","display_name":"Medicine","level":0,"score":0.7011258602142334},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2776286752","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5272263","display_name":"Precentral gyrus","level":3,"score":0.6489733457565308},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2778186239","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q41571","display_name":"Epilepsy","level":2,"score":0.629906415939331},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2780803581","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1347108","display_name":"Epilepsy surgery","level":3,"score":0.5976952314376831},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2778373776","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q18696","display_name":"Motor cortex","level":3,"score":0.5859736800193787},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2777348757","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2346577","display_name":"Cortex (anatomy)","level":2,"score":0.5583653450012207},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C24998067","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q4114622","display_name":"Stimulation","level":2,"score":0.5234646201133728},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2778811784","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q956517","display_name":"Postcentral gyrus","level":3,"score":0.5101783275604248},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2779369059","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1758383","display_name":"Gyrus","level":2,"score":0.44125890731811523},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C169760540","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q207011","display_name":"Neuroscience","level":1,"score":0.43519020080566406},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2780117969","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3587624","display_name":"Electrocorticography","level":3,"score":0.4285017251968384},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C126838900","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q77604","display_name":"Radiology","level":1,"score":0.1438092589378357},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C126322002","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11180","display_name":"Internal medicine","level":1,"score":0.14321577548980713},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C15744967","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q9418","display_name":"Psychology","level":0,"score":0.12314042448997498},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C143409427","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q161238","display_name":"Magnetic resonance imaging","level":2,"score":0.10341271758079529},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C118552586","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7867","display_name":"Psychiatry","level":1,"score":0.09292078018188477}],"mesh":[{"descriptor_ui":"D001931","descriptor_name":"Brain Mapping","qualifier_ui":"Q000379","qualifier_name":"methods","is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D004558","descriptor_name":"Electric Stimulation","qualifier_ui":"Q000379","qualifier_name":"methods","is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D004828","descriptor_name":"Epilepsies, Partial","qualifier_ui":"Q000503","qualifier_name":"physiopathology","is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D005260","descriptor_name":"Female","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D006801","descriptor_name":"Humans","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D008297","descriptor_name":"Male","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D011300","descriptor_name":"Preoperative Care","qualifier_ui":"Q000379","qualifier_name":"methods","is_major_topic":true}],"locations_count":2,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1227/01.neu.0000454759.37496.ba","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1227/01.neu.0000454759.37496.ba","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1227/01.neu.0000454759.37496.ba","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S111727011","display_name":"Neurosurgery","issn_l":"0148-396X","issn":["0148-396X","1081-1281","1524-4040"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"listed_in":["anvur-scientific","cwts-core","dongbi-b","doyens","jufo-2","ki-jl-2","medline","norway-2","poland-100","russia-white-list-1","vabb-shw"],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310315671","host_organization_name":"Lippincott Williams & Wilkins","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310315671","https://openalex.org/P4310318547"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Lippincott Williams & Wilkins","Wolters Kluwer"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Neurosurgery","raw_type":"journal-article"},{"id":"pmid:25232788","doi":null,"is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/25232788","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306525036","display_name":"PubMed","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I1299303238","host_organization_name":"National Institutes of Health","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1299303238"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Neurosurgery","raw_type":"News"}],"best_oa_location":null,"sustainable_development_goals":[{"score":0.9537000060081482,"id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/3","display_name":"Good health and well-being"}],"study_designs":[],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"grobid_xml":false,"pdf":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":1,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W2014047004"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W2014047004","https://openalex.org/W4224647490","https://openalex.org/W1969276666","https://openalex.org/W4413543462","https://openalex.org/W1987291515","https://openalex.org/W2130395638","https://openalex.org/W3003630170","https://openalex.org/W6946101181","https://openalex.org/W4285251012","https://openalex.org/W6946090363"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"Extraoperative":[0],"cortical":[1,514,529,618],"stimulation":[2,51,96,360,386,404,503,515,530,593,619,678,714,762,818,838],"(CS)":[3],"is":[4,24,810],"widely":[5],"used":[6,225],"to":[7,57,109,129,184,247,362,680,689,706,736,766,773],"map":[8],"eloquent":[9,120,287,655,746],"cortex":[10,656],"in":[11,34,37,46,68,97,160,207,285,297,328,436,462,549,565,581,621,646,669,794,853],"patients":[12,99,158,212,438,533,622],"with":[13,55,127,154,210,369,374,557,591,623,631,844],"epilepsy":[14,108,166],"before":[15],"they":[16,125,141,276,308],"are":[17,43,126,152,649],"offered":[18],"resective":[19],"treatment.":[20],"However,":[21,357,454],"this":[22,161],"technique":[23,741],"not":[25,466,729],"standardized":[26],"across":[27],"centers,":[28],"and":[29,138,167,173,179,187,202,304,317,344,457,474,490,501,544,560,567,658,664,760,796,803,827,847],"it":[30,727],"can":[31],"be":[32,764,850],"performed":[33,206,309],"bipolar":[35,177,200,341,371,432,500,513,559,583,613,674,700,759,771,804,845],"format,":[36,48],"which":[38,49,76,275,495],"adjacent":[39],"pairs":[40],"of":[41,82,95,106,118,190,195,219,228,253,295,314,330,339,346,391,397,408,417,431,459,476,494,523,526,532,612,699,733,745,769,790,823,825],"electrodes":[42,151,169,267,296,323,343,350,380,412,460,573,586],"stimulated,":[44],"or":[45,257,389,512],"monopolar":[47,74,180,203,348,376,446,502,511,561,592,615,761,802,837],"involves":[50],"through":[52,518,535],"1":[53,246,534],"electrode":[54,60,540,754,777],"reference":[56],"a":[58,79,254,364,415,479,552,575,588,686,781,854],"distant":[59],"overlying":[61,324,542],"noneloquent":[62],"cortex.":[63,192,288,546,747],"Bipolar":[64],"CS":[65,178,181,201,204,221,261,299,332,342,349,372,394,472,641,675,701,772,805,846],"may":[66,763,848],"result":[67],"more":[69,707,851],"localized":[70,708],"current":[71,243,679,697,709],"flow":[72,710],"than":[73,373,442],"CS,":[75],"typically":[77],"stimulates":[78],"larger":[80],"amount":[81],"tissue.":[83],"In":[84,193,217,481],"their":[85,214,305,788,834],"recent":[86],"article,":[87],"Kovac":[88,603],"et":[89,609,635],"al1":[90],"compared":[91,843],"these":[92],"2":[93,283,393,471,640],"modes":[94,114,284,642],"5":[98,197],"undergoing":[100],"intracranial":[101],"monitoring":[102],"for":[103,702,742,779],"presurgical":[104],"evaluation":[105],"intractable":[107],"determine":[110,737,775],"(1)":[111],"whether":[112,140],"both":[113,218,388,403,499,555,648,652,659,721],"produce":[115,142,643,660,690],"similar":[116,143,644,654,661,724],"mapping":[117,286,531,620,725,744],"the":[119,149,171,191,196,199,211,220,223,242,251,263,266,279,282,293,325,331,340,347,358,370,375,392,409,421,429,455,463,470,484,524,527,539,582,639,670,695,712,731,734,738,743,752,767,770,776,801,812,816],"cortex,":[121],"(2)":[122],"how":[123],"safe":[124,650],"respect":[128],"producing":[130,434,703],"afterdischarges":[131,303,435,464],"that":[132,268,301,337,381,428,443,638,647,673,719,751,756,811,836],"could":[133,277],"potentially":[134],"evolve":[135],"into":[136],"seizures,":[137],"(3)":[139],"movements":[144,319,798],"(stimulating":[145],"motor":[146,186],"cortex)":[147],"when":[148,558,579],"same":[150],"stimulated":[153,556,580],"either":[155,329,390],"method.":[156],"All":[157],"involved":[159,461],"study":[162,735],"had":[163,168,653,685],"frontal":[164,543],"lobe":[165],"covering":[170],"precentral":[172],"postcentral":[174],"gyrus.":[175],"Both":[176],"were":[182,205,413,465,496],"done":[183],"identify":[185],"language":[188],"areas":[189],"4":[194,437],"patients,":[198,483],"different":[208,468,821],"sessions":[209],"on":[213,385],"antiepileptic":[215],"medications.":[216],"modes,":[222,395,473],"authors":[224,264,290,335,425,485,693,717,785,831],"5-second":[226],"trains":[227],"50-Hz":[229],"unipolar":[230],"biphasic":[231],"square":[232],"wave":[233],"pulses":[234],"(pulse":[235],"width,":[236],"500":[237],"microseconds).":[238],"They":[239,748],"gradually":[240],"increased":[241],"intensity":[244,361],"from":[245,274,420,596,633,833],"7.5":[248],"mA,":[249],"until":[250],"occurrence":[252],"clinical":[255,270,352,365,383,400,507,553,576,589,682,704,782,855],"sign":[256,366,554,577,590],"afterdischarges.":[258,691],"For":[259],"each":[260,298],"mode,":[262],"determined":[265,292],"elicited":[269,320,351,382,497,509,551,574,587],"signs":[271,353,384,401,508,683,705],"(motor":[272],"activity)":[273],"analyze":[278],"mismatch":[280],"between":[281,469,506,711,758],"The":[289,334,424,692,716,784,807,830],"also":[291,426],"number":[294,458,601],"mode":[300],"generated":[302],"duration.":[306],"Finally,":[307],"visual":[310],"qualitative":[311],"video":[312],"analysis":[313],"all":[315],"hand":[316,326,489,795],"wrist":[318,491,797],"by":[321,387,402,445,498,510,800],"stimulating":[322],"knob":[327],"modes.":[333,806],"found":[336,427,637,668],"59.6%":[338],"52%":[345],"(not":[354],"statistically":[355],"significant).":[356],"mean":[359],"elicit":[363,681],"was":[367,439,672,728],"lower":[368,696],"CS.":[377],"Of":[378],"100":[379],"89":[396],"them":[398,477],"produced":[399,444,799],"methods":[405,722],"(Figure).":[406],"Eight":[407],"11":[410],"mismatched":[411],"at":[414],"distance":[416],">1":[418],"cm":[419],"central":[422],"sulcus.":[423],"percentage":[430],"CSs":[433,447],"significantly":[440,467,840],"higher":[441,687],"(18.4%":[448],"vs":[449],"8.1%;":[450],"P":[451],"=":[452],".004).":[453],"duration":[456],"none":[475],"induced":[478],"seizure.":[480],"3":[482],"identified":[486],"predominantly":[487],"tonic":[488],"movements,":[492],"most":[493,739],"modes.Figure:":[504],"Concordance":[505],"(CS).":[516],"P1":[517],"P5":[519],"show":[520,538],"schematic":[521],"drawings":[522],"results":[525,645],"extraoperative":[528,616],"5.":[536],"Panels":[537],"array":[541],"parietal":[545],"Electrodes":[547,563],"highlighted":[548,564],"gray":[550],"stimulation.":[562],"red":[566],"blue":[568,585],"showed":[569],"discordant":[570],"results.":[571],"Red":[572],"only":[578],"mode;":[584],"only.":[594],"Reprinted":[595],"Clinical":[597],"Neurophysiology,":[598],"Vol":[599],"125/":[600],"4,":[602],"S,":[604],"Scott":[605],"CA,":[606],"Maglajlija":[607],"V,":[608],"al.":[610],"Comparison":[611],"versus":[614],"electrical":[617],"focal":[624],"epilepsy.":[625],"Pages":[626],"No.":[627],"667-674,":[628],"Copyright":[629],"(2014),":[630],"permission":[632],"Elsevier.Kovac":[634],"al":[636],"procedures,":[651],"mapping,":[657],"muscle":[662],"contraction":[663],"movement.":[665],"One":[666],"difference":[667,793],"modalities":[671],"required":[676],"less":[677,841],"but":[684],"propensity":[688],"attribute":[694],"requirement":[698],"active":[713],"elements.":[715],"emphasize":[718],"although":[720],"yield":[723],"results,":[726],"within":[730],"scope":[732],"useful":[740],"further":[749,786],"explain":[750],"few":[753],"mismatches":[755],"occurred":[757],"due":[765],"inability":[768],"unequivocally":[774],"responsible":[778],"eliciting":[780],"sign.":[783],"describe":[787],"finding":[789],"no":[791],"significant":[792],"reason":[808],"possibly":[809],"movement":[813],"response":[814],"represents":[815],"lowest":[817],"threshold":[819],"among":[820],"thresholds":[822],"activation":[824],"intrinsic":[826],"forearm":[828],"muscles.":[829],"conclude":[832],"observations":[835],"requires":[839],"time":[842],"therefore":[849],"practical":[852],"setting.":[856]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2025,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2021,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2018,"cited_by_count":1}],"updated_date":"2026-10-31T12:09:11.096373","created_date":"2016-06-24T00:00:00"}