{"id":"https://openalex.org/W2327296152","doi":"https://doi.org/10.2307/324604","title":"Classical Influences on European Culture A.D. 1500-1700","display_name":"Classical Influences on European Culture A.D. 1500-1700","publication_year":1976,"publication_date":"1976-09-01","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W2327296152","doi":"https://doi.org/10.2307/324604","mag":"2327296152"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.2307/324604","doi":"https://doi.org/10.2307/324604","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.2307/324604","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S72851247","display_name":"Modern Language Journal","issn_l":"0026-7902","issn":["0026-7902","1540-4781"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"listed_in":["anvur-scientific","cwts-core","erih-plus","jufo-3","ki-jl-2","norway-2","poland-200","russia-white-list-1","vabb-shw"],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310320595","host_organization_name":"Wiley","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310320595"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Wiley"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"The Modern Language Journal","raw_type":"journal-article"},"volume":null,"type":"book-review","indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":false,"oa_status":"closed","oa_url":null,"any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5080799860","display_name":"R. R. Bolgar","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[],"countries":[],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"R. R. Bolgar","raw_affiliation_strings":[],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":0,"institutions_distinct_count":0,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5080799860"],"corresponding_institution_ids":[],"apc_list":{"value":3800,"currency":"USD","value_usd":3800},"apc_paid":null,"fwci":null,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":72,"citation_normalized_percentile":null,"cited_by_percentile_year":null,"biblio":{"volume":"60","issue":"5/6","first_page":"295","last_page":"295"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11137","display_name":"Historical Philosophy and Science","score":0.3091000020503998,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1207","display_name":"History and Philosophy of Science"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/12","display_name":"Arts and Humanities"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11137","display_name":"Historical Philosophy and Science","score":0.3091000020503998,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1207","display_name":"History and Philosophy of Science"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/12","display_name":"Arts and Humanities"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T14475","display_name":"History of Science and Medicine","score":0.12319999933242798,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1207","display_name":"History and Philosophy of Science"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/12","display_name":"Arts and Humanities"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T14149","display_name":"Historical and Literary Analyses","score":0.10480000078678131,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1208","display_name":"Literature and Literary Theory"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/12","display_name":"Arts and Humanities"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/classical-antiquity","display_name":"classical antiquity","score":0.6320000290870667},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/classical-reception","display_name":"classical reception","score":0.7210000157356262},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/european-culture","display_name":"European culture","score":0.8399999737739563},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/history-of-biology","display_name":"history of biology","score":0.5609999895095825},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/nineteenth-century-biology","display_name":"19th-century biology","score":0.7730000019073486},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/embryology","display_name":"embryology","score":0.9980000257492065},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/evolutionary-theory","display_name":"evolutionary theory","score":0.9829999804496765},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/experimental-method","display_name":"experimental method","score":0.3630000054836273},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/darwinism","display_name":"Darwinism","score":0.4399999976158142},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/mechanical-materialism","display_name":"mechanical materialism","score":0.5400000214576721},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/dialectical-materialism","display_name":"dialectical materialism","score":0.9900000095367432}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41895202","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q8162","display_name":"Linguistics","level":1,"score":0.49991488456726074},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C15744967","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q9418","display_name":"Psychology","level":0,"score":0.3452003598213196},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C144024400","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21201","display_name":"Sociology","level":0,"score":0.32874006032943726},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C138885662","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5891","display_name":"Philosophy","level":0,"score":0.22565016150474548}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":1,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.2307/324604","doi":"https://doi.org/10.2307/324604","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.2307/324604","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S72851247","display_name":"Modern Language Journal","issn_l":"0026-7902","issn":["0026-7902","1540-4781"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"listed_in":["anvur-scientific","cwts-core","erih-plus","jufo-3","ki-jl-2","norway-2","poland-200","russia-white-list-1","vabb-shw"],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310320595","host_organization_name":"Wiley","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310320595"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Wiley"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"The Modern Language Journal","raw_type":"journal-article"}],"best_oa_location":null,"sustainable_development_goals":[],"sustainable_development_goals_aurora":[],"study_designs":[],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"pdf":false,"grobid_xml":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":0,"referenced_works":[],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W2087179927","https://openalex.org/W7061258283","https://openalex.org/W4238548994","https://openalex.org/W161570145","https://openalex.org/W2178566978","https://openalex.org/W129785924","https://openalex.org/W3004313336","https://openalex.org/W4249132401","https://openalex.org/W2017591995","https://openalex.org/W4255386781"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"The":[0],"author's":[1],"aim":[2],"is":[3,191,212,248],"to":[4,20,38,59,70,95,228,242],"present":[5],"a":[6,164,189,213,219],"general":[7,80],"history":[8],"of":[9,16,47,90,100,107,129,136,149,158],"biological":[10],"ideas":[11],"as":[12,30,75,163],"they":[13],"came":[14],"out":[15],"the":[17,22,36,42,52,62,87,98,101,105,108,123,133,156,170,185,202,225,243,246],"nineteenth":[18,109],"century":[19,110],"create":[21],"experimental,":[23],"analytically":[24],"rigorous":[25],"and":[26,50,84,125,132,139,166,198,200,209,245],"interpretative":[27],"life":[28],"science":[29],"we":[31],"know":[32],"it":[33],"today.He":[34],"recognizes":[35],"need":[37],"deal":[39],"with":[40,51,160],"both":[41],"internal,":[43],"or":[44,54],"scientific,":[45],"content":[46],"this":[48,150,211,234],"process,":[49],"external,":[53],"\"social\",":[55],"factors,":[56],"but":[57],"prefers":[58],"consider":[60],"only":[61],"former.Areas":[63],"examined":[64],"are":[65,205,236],"those":[66],"that":[67,111],"have":[68,96],"proved":[69],"be":[71],"so":[72],"influential,":[73],"such":[74],"genetics,":[76],"embryology,":[77],"evolutionary":[78],"theory,":[79,138],"physiology,":[81],"molecular":[82,196],"biology":[83,174,197],"biochemistry,":[85,199],"during":[86],"selected":[88],"period":[89],"1890":[91],"through":[92],"1965.It":[93],"seems":[94],"been":[97],"influence":[99,135],"physical":[102],"sciences":[103],"at":[104],"end":[106],"promoted":[112],"their":[113,130],"rapid":[114],"growth.The":[115],"younger":[116],"workers":[117],"were":[118,140],"then":[119],"moving":[120],"away":[121],"from":[122],"descriptive":[124],"speculative":[126],"ap-":[127],"proach":[128],"teachers":[131],"weighty":[134],"Darwinian":[137],"seeking":[141],"for":[142,233],"more":[143],"scientific":[144],"precision.To":[145],"facilitate":[146],"his":[147],"handling":[148],"complex":[151],"subject,":[152],"Professor":[153],"Allen":[154],"uses":[155],"interaction":[157],"mechanical":[159],"dialectical":[161],"materialism":[162],"guide,":[165],"he":[167],"shows":[168],"how":[169],"former":[171],"has":[172,188],"served":[173],"in":[175,201,218],"its":[176],"earlier":[177],"steps":[178],"towards":[179],"an":[180],"essential":[181],"experimental":[182],"methodology,":[183],"although":[184,222],"latter":[186,203],"also":[187],"role.He":[190],"least":[192],"effective":[193],"when":[194],"discussing":[195],"there":[204],"several":[206],"significant":[207],"errors":[208],"omissions.However,":[210],"thought-":[214],"ful":[215],"book":[216],"written":[217],"lively":[220],"style,":[221],"without":[223],"notes;":[224],"critical":[226],"bibliography":[227],"some":[229],"extent":[230],"makes":[231],"up":[232],"omission.There":[235],"numerous":[237],"typographical":[238],"errors,":[239],"no":[240],"legends":[241],"illustrations":[244],"index":[247],"meagre.":[249]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2025,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2022,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2019,"cited_by_count":3},{"year":2018,"cited_by_count":11},{"year":2016,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2015,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2014,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2012,"cited_by_count":1}],"updated_date":"2026-10-27T15:51:10.671819","created_date":"2016-06-24T00:00:00"}
