{"id":"https://openalex.org/W2326348394","doi":"https://doi.org/10.5651/jaas.21.129","title":"Japanese Industrial Districts and Embedded Business Practices","display_name":"Japanese Industrial Districts and Embedded Business Practices","publication_year":2008,"publication_date":"2008-01-01","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W2326348394","doi":"https://doi.org/10.5651/jaas.21.129","mag":"2326348394"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.5651/jaas.21.129","doi":"https://doi.org/10.5651/jaas.21.129","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.5651/jaas.21.129","pdf_url":"https://www.jstage.jst.go.jp/article/jaas1986/21/2/21_2_129/_pdf","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4210222062","display_name":"Japanese Journal of Administrative Science","issn_l":"0914-5206","issn":["0914-5206","1884-6432"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"listed_in":["cwts-core"],"host_organization":null,"host_organization_name":null,"host_organization_lineage":[],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Japanese Journal of Administrative Science","raw_type":"journal-article"},"volume":null,"type":"article","is_traditional":true,"indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":true,"oa_status":"diamond","oa_url":"https://www.jstage.jst.go.jp/article/jaas1986/21/2/21_2_129/_pdf","any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5010482411","display_name":"Nobuyuki Inamizu","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2840-6139","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2840-6139"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I74801974","display_name":"The University of Tokyo","ror":"https://ror.org/057zh3y96","country_code":"JP","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I74801974"]}],"countries":["JP"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Nobuyuki INAMIZU","raw_affiliation_strings":["( Graduate School of Economics , University of Tokyo) Takahisa WAKABAYASHI ( Graduate School of Economics , University of Tbkyo)","(Graduate School of Economics,University of Tokyo)"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"( Graduate School of Economics , University of Tokyo) Takahisa WAKABAYASHI ( Graduate School of Economics , University of Tbkyo)","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I74801974"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"(Graduate School of Economics,University of Tokyo)","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I74801974"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5017309105","display_name":"Takahisa Wakabayashi","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4157-2112","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4157-2112"]},"institutions":[],"countries":[],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Takahisa WAKABAYASHI","raw_affiliation_strings":["(Graduate School of Economics,University of Tbkyo"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"(Graduate School of Economics,University of Tbkyo","institution_ids":[]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":1,"corresponding_author_ids":[],"corresponding_institution_ids":[],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":0.0,"has_fulltext":true,"cited_by_count":0,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.0,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":null,"biblio":{"volume":"21","issue":"2","first_page":"129","last_page":"139"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11014","display_name":"Agglomeration and Urban Systems","score":0.5630000233650208,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2002","display_name":"Economics and Econometrics"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/20","display_name":"Economics, Econometrics and Finance"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11014","display_name":"Agglomeration and Urban Systems","score":0.5630000233650208,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2002","display_name":"Economics and Econometrics"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/20","display_name":"Economics, Econometrics and Finance"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T12636","display_name":"Regional Development and Innovation","score":0.4293999969959259,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3303","display_name":"Development"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/33","display_name":"Social Sciences"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T13402","display_name":"Business Strategy and Innovation","score":0.0012000000569969416,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1408","display_name":"Strategy and Management"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/14","display_name":"Business, Management and Accounting"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/industrial-districts","display_name":"industrial districts","score":0.9649999737739563},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/agglomeration-economies","display_name":"agglomeration economies","score":0.8999999761581421}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C131850264","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q383056","display_name":"Economies of agglomeration","level":2,"score":0.8303301334381104},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C144133560","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q4830453","display_name":"Business","level":0,"score":0.6396305561065674},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2777551599","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1662024","display_name":"Industrial district","level":2,"score":0.6092969179153442},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C40700","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1411783","display_name":"Industrial organization","level":1,"score":0.5334480404853821},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2992107181","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q531186","display_name":"Supply side","level":2,"score":0.5303871035575867},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2781305714","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1662100","display_name":"Industrial park","level":2,"score":0.4814566969871521},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C54750564","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q26643","display_name":"Commerce","level":1,"score":0.3450794219970703},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C162853370","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q39809","display_name":"Marketing","level":1,"score":0.3252469301223755},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C162324750","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q8134","display_name":"Economics","level":0,"score":0.2494988739490509},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C136264566","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q159810","display_name":"Economy","level":1,"score":0.22690355777740479},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C50522688","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q189833","display_name":"Economic growth","level":1,"score":0.13355427980422974},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C199539241","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7748","display_name":"Law","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C17744445","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q36442","display_name":"Political science","level":0,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":1,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.5651/jaas.21.129","doi":"https://doi.org/10.5651/jaas.21.129","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.5651/jaas.21.129","pdf_url":"https://www.jstage.jst.go.jp/article/jaas1986/21/2/21_2_129/_pdf","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4210222062","display_name":"Japanese Journal of Administrative Science","issn_l":"0914-5206","issn":["0914-5206","1884-6432"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"listed_in":["cwts-core"],"host_organization":null,"host_organization_name":null,"host_organization_lineage":[],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Japanese Journal of Administrative Science","raw_type":"journal-article"}],"best_oa_location":{"id":"doi:10.5651/jaas.21.129","doi":"https://doi.org/10.5651/jaas.21.129","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.5651/jaas.21.129","pdf_url":"https://www.jstage.jst.go.jp/article/jaas1986/21/2/21_2_129/_pdf","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4210222062","display_name":"Japanese Journal of Administrative Science","issn_l":"0914-5206","issn":["0914-5206","1884-6432"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"listed_in":["cwts-core"],"host_organization":null,"host_organization_name":null,"host_organization_lineage":[],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Japanese Journal of Administrative Science","raw_type":"journal-article"},"sustainable_development_goals":[{"id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/8","score":0.5263000130653381,"display_name":"Decent work and economic growth"},{"id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/9","score":0.428600013256073,"display_name":"Industry, innovation and infrastructure"}],"study_designs":[],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"pdf":true,"grobid_xml":true},"content_urls":{"pdf":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W2326348394.pdf","grobid_xml":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W2326348394.grobid-xml"},"referenced_works_count":0,"referenced_works":[],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W2167043024","https://openalex.org/W2734560165","https://openalex.org/W1995530198","https://openalex.org/W4392249556","https://openalex.org/W2073549608","https://openalex.org/W2321591559","https://openalex.org/W2239066138","https://openalex.org/W631894808","https://openalex.org/W4392250274","https://openalex.org/W1561238445"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"The":[0],"purpose":[1],"of":[2,14,16,24,48,53,90,110,118,154,162,165,175],"this":[3,169],"paper":[4,170],"is":[5,50],"to":[6,45],"reveal":[7],"the":[8,32,51,60,64,72,79,88,108,116,128,148,151],"conditions":[9],"for":[10,41,56,92,146],"maintenance":[11],"and":[12,35,95,104,123,138,180],"development":[13],"economies":[15,47,164],"agglomeration":[17,49],"in":[18,27,87,100],"Japanese":[19],"industrial":[20,25,61,93,152,176],"districts.The":[21],"existing":[22],"theory":[23],"districts":[26,94,177],"Japan":[28],"has":[29,68],"focused":[30],"on":[31,78,127],"supplier-side":[33,179],"logic":[34],"insists":[36],"that":[37],"a":[38,159,172],"necessary":[39,160],"condition":[40,161],"small-scale":[42],"manufacturers":[43],"(suppliers)":[44],"enjoy":[46],"existence":[52],"local":[54],"markets":[55],"special":[57],"skills":[58],"within":[59,150],"district.":[62],"On":[63],"other":[65],"hand,":[66],"it":[67],"been":[69],"unconcerned":[70],"with":[71,133],"purchaser-side":[73,80,181],"logic.":[74,182],"To":[75],"shed":[76],"light":[77],"logic,":[81],"we":[82],"interviewed":[83],"large":[84],"retail":[85],"firms":[86,98,135,155],"role":[89,109],"purchasers":[91,147],"21":[96],"smallscale":[97],"located":[99],"Tokyo's":[101],"Ota":[102],"Ward":[103],"Joto":[105],"area":[106],"having":[107],"supplier.":[111],"These":[112],"interviews":[113],"clearly":[114],"showed":[115],"importance":[117],"business":[119,144],"practices":[120],"called":[121],"\u201cKouza\u201d":[122],"\u201cChouai\u201d.":[124],"Large":[125],"enterprises":[126],"purchaser":[129],"side":[130],"deal":[131],"only":[132],"kouza-holding":[134],"(direct":[136],"suppliers)":[137],"chouai-saki":[139],"which":[140],"coordinate":[141],"sub-suppliers.Assuming":[142],"these":[143],"practices,":[145],"presence":[149],"district":[153],"holding":[156],"kouza":[157],"becomes":[158],"enjoying":[163],"agglomeration.":[166],"In":[167],"conclusion,":[168],"proposes":[171],"new":[173],"model":[174],"combining":[178]},"counts_by_year":[],"updated_date":"2026-11-04T10:54:05.112534","created_date":"2016-06-24T00:00:00"}