{"id":"https://openalex.org/W2326312944","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1021/cg501222n","title":"Highly Selective, Kinetically Driven Polymorphic Selection in Microfluidic Emulsion-Based Crystallization and Formulation","display_name":"Highly Selective, Kinetically Driven Polymorphic Selection in Microfluidic Emulsion-Based Crystallization and Formulation","publication_year":2014,"publication_date":"2014-11-24","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W2326312944","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1021/cg501222n","mag":"2326312944"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1021/cg501222n","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1021/cg501222n","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1021/cg501222n","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S16561315","display_name":"Crystal Growth & Design","issn_l":"1528-7483","issn":["1528-7483","1528-7505"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"listed_in":["anvur-scientific","cwts-core","dongbi-c","jufo-2","norway-2","poland-100","russia-white-list-1","vabb-shw"],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310320006","host_organization_name":"American Chemical Society","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310320006"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["American Chemical Society"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Crystal Growth & Design","raw_type":"journal-article"},"volume":null,"type":"article","is_traditional":true,"indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":false,"oa_status":"closed","oa_url":null,"any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5064313247","display_name":"Reno A. L. Leon","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I165932596","display_name":"National University of Singapore","ror":"https://ror.org/01tgyzw49","country_code":"SG","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I165932596"]}],"countries":["SG"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Reno A. L. Leon","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department\rof Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, National University of Singapore, 4 Engineering Drive 4, Singapore 117576, Singapore"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department\rof Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, National University of Singapore, 4 Engineering Drive 4, Singapore 117576, Singapore","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I165932596"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5108567338","display_name":"Abu Zayed Md Badruddoza","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7914-540X","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7914-540X"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I165932596","display_name":"National University of Singapore","ror":"https://ror.org/01tgyzw49","country_code":"SG","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I165932596"]}],"countries":["SG"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Abu Zayed M. Badruddoza","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department\rof Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, National University of Singapore, 4 Engineering Drive 4, Singapore 117576, Singapore"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department\rof Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, National University of Singapore, 4 Engineering Drive 4, Singapore 117576, Singapore","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I165932596"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5007933234","display_name":"Zheng Lu","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3106-8932","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3106-8932"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I165932596","display_name":"National University of Singapore","ror":"https://ror.org/01tgyzw49","country_code":"SG","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I165932596"]}],"countries":["SG"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Lu Zheng","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department\rof Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, National University of Singapore, 4 Engineering Drive 4, Singapore 117576, Singapore"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department\rof Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, National University of Singapore, 4 Engineering Drive 4, Singapore 117576, Singapore","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I165932596"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5049694891","display_name":"Eunice W. Q. Yeap","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7879-6147","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7879-6147"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I165932596","display_name":"National University of Singapore","ror":"https://ror.org/01tgyzw49","country_code":"SG","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I165932596"]}],"countries":["SG"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Eunice W. Q. Yeap","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department\rof Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, National University of Singapore, 4 Engineering Drive 4, Singapore 117576, Singapore"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department\rof Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, National University of Singapore, 4 Engineering Drive 4, Singapore 117576, Singapore","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I165932596"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5016056489","display_name":"\u00c1rp\u00e1d I. Toldy","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9027-4854","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9027-4854"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I165932596","display_name":"National University of Singapore","ror":"https://ror.org/01tgyzw49","country_code":"SG","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I165932596"]}],"countries":["SG"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Arpad I. Toldy","raw_affiliation_strings":["Chemical\rand Pharmaceutical Engineering Program, Singapore-MIT Alliance, National University of Singapore, 4 Engineering Drive 3, Singapore 117576, Singapore"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Chemical\rand Pharmaceutical Engineering Program, Singapore-MIT Alliance, National University of Singapore, 4 Engineering Drive 3, Singapore 117576, Singapore","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I165932596"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5062269325","display_name":"Kay Yan Wong","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I165932596","display_name":"National University of Singapore","ror":"https://ror.org/01tgyzw49","country_code":"SG","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I165932596"]}],"countries":["SG"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Kay Yan Wong","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department\rof Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, National University of Singapore, 4 Engineering Drive 4, Singapore 117576, Singapore"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department\rof Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, National University of Singapore, 4 Engineering Drive 4, Singapore 117576, Singapore","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I165932596"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5046348268","display_name":"T. Alan Hatton","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4558-245X","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4558-245X"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I165932596","display_name":"National University of Singapore","ror":"https://ror.org/01tgyzw49","country_code":"SG","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I165932596"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I63966007","display_name":"Massachusetts Institute of Technology","ror":"https://ror.org/042nb2s44","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I63966007"]}],"countries":["SG","US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"T. Alan Hatton","raw_affiliation_strings":["Chemical\rand Pharmaceutical Engineering Program, Singapore-MIT Alliance, National University of Singapore, 4 Engineering Drive 3, Singapore 117576, Singapore","Department\rof Chemical Engineering, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, 77 Massachusetts\rAvenue, 66-309, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02139, United States"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Chemical\rand Pharmaceutical Engineering Program, Singapore-MIT Alliance, National University of Singapore, 4 Engineering Drive 3, Singapore 117576, Singapore","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I165932596"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department\rof Chemical Engineering, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, 77 Massachusetts\rAvenue, 66-309, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02139, United States","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I63966007"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5029483875","display_name":"Saif A. Khan","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8990-8802","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8990-8802"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I165932596","display_name":"National University of Singapore","ror":"https://ror.org/01tgyzw49","country_code":"SG","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I165932596"]}],"countries":["SG"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Saif A. Khan","raw_affiliation_strings":["Chemical\rand Pharmaceutical Engineering Program, Singapore-MIT Alliance, National University of Singapore, 4 Engineering Drive 3, Singapore 117576, Singapore","Department\rof Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, National University of Singapore, 4 Engineering Drive 4, Singapore 117576, Singapore"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Chemical\rand Pharmaceutical Engineering Program, Singapore-MIT Alliance, National University of Singapore, 4 Engineering Drive 3, Singapore 117576, Singapore","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I165932596"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department\rof Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, National University of Singapore, 4 Engineering Drive 4, Singapore 117576, Singapore","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I165932596"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":2,"institutions_distinct_count":2,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5029483875"],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I165932596"],"apc_list":{"value":4500,"currency":"USD","value_usd":4500},"apc_paid":null,"fwci":1.4817,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":31,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.81845865,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":88,"max":98},"biblio":{"volume":"15","issue":"1","first_page":"212","last_page":"218"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11881","display_name":"Crystallization and Solubility Studies","score":0.9990000128746033,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2505","display_name":"Materials Chemistry"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/25","display_name":"Materials Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11881","display_name":"Crystallization and Solubility Studies","score":0.9990000128746033,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2505","display_name":"Materials Chemistry"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/25","display_name":"Materials Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10256","display_name":"Drug Solubulity and Delivery Systems","score":0.00019999999494757503,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3003","display_name":"Pharmaceutical Science"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/30","display_name":"Pharmacology, Toxicology and Pharmaceutics"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/1","display_name":"Life Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10389","display_name":"Polymer crystallization and properties","score":9.999999747378752e-05,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2507","display_name":"Polymers and Plastics"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/25","display_name":"Materials Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/evaporative-crystallization","display_name":"evaporative crystallization","score":0.9269999861717224},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/microfluidic-emulsions","display_name":"microfluidic emulsions","score":0.8190000057220459},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/oil-in-water-emulsions","display_name":"oil-in-water emulsions","score":0.8790000081062317},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/monodisperse-microparticles","display_name":"monodisperse microparticles","score":0.800000011920929},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/active-pharmaceutical-ingredients","display_name":"active pharmaceutical ingredients","score":0.6349999904632568},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/liquid-liquid-phase-separation","display_name":"liquid-liquid phase separation","score":0.8849999904632568},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/supersaturation","display_name":"supersaturation","score":0.8389999866485596},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/solvent-evaporation-rate","display_name":"solvent evaporation rate","score":0.8730000257492065},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/carbamazepine","display_name":"carbamazepine","score":0.9110000133514404},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/roy","display_name":"Roy","score":0.7210000157356262},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/film-thickness","display_name":"film thickness","score":0.48100000619888306},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/pharmaceutical-formulations","display_name":"drug formulation","score":0.4300000071525574},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/crystal-morphology-control","display_name":"crystal morphology control","score":0.4869999885559082}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2777239854","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q902638","display_name":"Excipient","level":2,"score":0.8048709630966187},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C203036418","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q284256","display_name":"Crystallization","level":2,"score":0.6573762893676758},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C42360764","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q83588","display_name":"Chemical engineering","level":1,"score":0.6332963705062866},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C11432220","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1975334","display_name":"Dispersity","level":2,"score":0.6227309107780457},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2778123984","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q187634","display_name":"Emulsion","level":2,"score":0.5928620100021362},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C192562407","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q228736","display_name":"Materials science","level":0,"score":0.5052168965339661},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2780471494","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q146505","display_name":"Solvent","level":2,"score":0.45827579498291016},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C200447597","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q334104","display_name":"Supersaturation","level":2,"score":0.41092434525489807},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C43617362","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q170050","display_name":"Chromatography","level":1,"score":0.4001849591732025},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C185592680","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2329","display_name":"Chemistry","level":0,"score":0.39048266410827637},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C178790620","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11351","display_name":"Organic chemistry","level":1,"score":0.23688653111457825},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C188027245","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q750446","display_name":"Polymer chemistry","level":1,"score":0.18056988716125488},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C127413603","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11023","display_name":"Engineering","level":0,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":2,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1021/cg501222n","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1021/cg501222n","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1021/cg501222n","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S16561315","display_name":"Crystal Growth & Design","issn_l":"1528-7483","issn":["1528-7483","1528-7505"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"listed_in":["anvur-scientific","cwts-core","dongbi-c","jufo-2","norway-2","poland-100","russia-white-list-1","vabb-shw"],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310320006","host_organization_name":"American Chemical Society","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310320006"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["American Chemical Society"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Crystal Growth & Design","raw_type":"journal-article"},{"id":"pmh:oai:scholarbank.nus.edu.sg:10635/123399","doi":null,"is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"http://scholarbank.nus.edu.sg/handle/10635/123399","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S7407052290","display_name":"National University of Singapore","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":null,"host_organization_name":null,"host_organization_lineage":[],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":null,"raw_type":"Article"}],"best_oa_location":null,"sustainable_development_goals":[],"study_designs":[],"awards":[],"funders":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320307773","display_name":"GlaxoSmithKline","ror":"https://ror.org/01xsqw823"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320320742","display_name":"Economic Development Board - Singapore","ror":"https://ror.org/02nqj0b62"}],"has_content":{"grobid_xml":false,"pdf":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":32,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W1975714526","https://openalex.org/W1980946928","https://openalex.org/W1992456610","https://openalex.org/W1995008519","https://openalex.org/W2003633805","https://openalex.org/W2008257378","https://openalex.org/W2010487986","https://openalex.org/W2018580058","https://openalex.org/W2026956754","https://openalex.org/W2031546022","https://openalex.org/W2033277213","https://openalex.org/W2044213793","https://openalex.org/W2047847322","https://openalex.org/W2047864123","https://openalex.org/W2049065191","https://openalex.org/W2063829365","https://openalex.org/W2064611614","https://openalex.org/W2072432140","https://openalex.org/W2076072404","https://openalex.org/W2078488052","https://openalex.org/W2083728197","https://openalex.org/W2094418122","https://openalex.org/W2102846910","https://openalex.org/W2107955565","https://openalex.org/W2119919802","https://openalex.org/W2137386234","https://openalex.org/W2143367459","https://openalex.org/W2320471387","https://openalex.org/W2321893261","https://openalex.org/W2326560381","https://openalex.org/W2479531979","https://openalex.org/W4252829828"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W2137386234","https://openalex.org/W2151098926","https://openalex.org/W2905921509","https://openalex.org/W3019746683","https://openalex.org/W2607238017","https://openalex.org/W2010136129","https://openalex.org/W2083728197","https://openalex.org/W8085291","https://openalex.org/W2189004625","https://openalex.org/W3006971879"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"We":[0,80,101,130],"present":[1],"a":[2,25,112,116],"simple,":[3],"potentially":[4],"generalizable":[5],"method":[6,48,83,189],"to":[7,50,127,133,161],"create":[8],"highly":[9,30],"monodisperse":[10,103],"spherical":[11],"microparticles":[12],"(SMs)":[13],"of":[14,46,64,119],"\u223c200":[15],"\u03bcm":[16],"size":[17],"containing":[18,58,107],"active":[19],"pharmaceutical":[20],"ingredient":[21],"(API)":[22],"crystals":[23],"and":[24,32,38,44,72,91,155,164,174,179,182,197],"macromolecular":[26],"excipient,":[27],"with":[28,95,115,201],"unprecedented,":[29],"specific,":[31],"selective":[33],"control":[34,51,134],"over":[35],"the":[36,62,108,120,135,149,191],"morphology":[37],"polymorphic":[39,52,136,166,203],"outcome.":[40],"The":[41],"basic":[42],"idea":[43],"novelty":[45],"our":[47,82],"is":[49],"selection":[53,137,204],"within":[54],"evaporating":[55],"emulsion":[56],"drops":[57],"API\u2013excipient":[59,109],"mixtures":[60],"via":[61],"kinetics":[63],"two":[65,85],"simultaneously":[66],"occurring":[67],"processes:":[68],"liquid\u2013liquid":[69],"phase":[70],"separation":[71],"supersaturation":[73],"generation,":[74],"both":[75,169],"governed":[76],"by":[77,138,148],"solvent":[78,140],"evaporation.":[79],"demonstrate":[81],"using":[84],"model":[86,170],"hydrophobic":[87],"APIs:":[88,171],"5-methyl-2-[(2-nitrophenyl)amino]-3-thiophenecarbonitrile":[89],"(ROY)":[90],"carbamazepine":[92],"(CBZ),":[93],"formulated":[94],"ethyl":[96],"cellulose":[97],"(EC)":[98],"as":[99],"excipient.":[100],"dispense":[102],"oil-in-water":[104],"(O/W)":[105],"emulsions":[106],"mixture":[110],"on":[111],"flat":[113],"substrate":[114],"predispensed":[117],"film":[118,150],"continuous":[121],"phase,":[122],"which":[123,143],"are":[124,131],"subsequently":[125],"subjected":[126],"evaporative":[128],"crystallization.":[129],"able":[132],"varying":[139],"evaporation":[141],"rate,":[142],"can":[144],"be":[145],"simply":[146],"tuned":[147],"thickness;":[151],"thin":[152],"(\u223c0.5":[153],"mm)":[154,158],"thick":[156],"(\u223c2":[157],"films":[159],"lead":[160],"completely":[162],"specific":[163],"different":[165],"outcomes":[167],"for":[168,177,185,193],"yellow":[172],"(YT04)":[173],"orange":[175],"(OP)":[176],"ROY,":[178],"form":[180,183],"II":[181],"III":[184],"CBZ":[186],"respectively.":[187],"Our":[188],"paves":[190],"way":[192],"simultaneous,":[194],"bottom-up":[195],"crystallization":[196],"formulation":[198],"processes":[199],"coupled":[200],"unprecedented":[202],"through":[205],"process":[206],"driven":[207],"kinetics.":[208]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2026,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2024,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2023,"cited_by_count":3},{"year":2022,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2021,"cited_by_count":3},{"year":2020,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2019,"cited_by_count":4},{"year":2018,"cited_by_count":3},{"year":2017,"cited_by_count":6},{"year":2016,"cited_by_count":4},{"year":2015,"cited_by_count":1}],"updated_date":"2026-10-14T16:39:01.820549","created_date":"2016-06-24T00:00:00"}