{"id":"https://openalex.org/W2324217428","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1097/sih.0b013e31829068df","title":"Comparison of Expert and Novice Performance of a Simulated Transesophageal Echocardiography Examination","display_name":"Comparison of Expert and Novice Performance of a Simulated Transesophageal Echocardiography Examination","publication_year":2013,"publication_date":"2013-09-12","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W2324217428","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1097/sih.0b013e31829068df","mag":"2324217428","pmid":"https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/24030477"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1097/sih.0b013e31829068df","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1097/sih.0b013e31829068df","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1097/sih.0b013e31829068df","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S2764610068","display_name":"Simulation in Healthcare The Journal of the Society for Simulation in Healthcare","issn_l":"1559-2332","issn":["1559-2332","1559-713X"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"listed_in":["cwts-core","dongbi-c","doyens","jufo-1","ki-jl-1","medline","norway-1","poland-70","russia-white-list-1","vabb-shw"],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310315671","host_organization_name":"Lippincott Williams & Wilkins","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310315671","https://openalex.org/P4310318547"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Lippincott Williams & Wilkins","Wolters Kluwer"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Simulation in Healthcare: The Journal of the Society for Simulation in Healthcare","raw_type":"journal-article"},"volume":null,"type":"article","is_traditional":true,"indexed_in":["crossref","pubmed"],"open_access":{"is_oa":false,"oa_status":"closed","oa_url":null,"any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5111914636","display_name":"Julian S. Bick","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I200719446","display_name":"Vanderbilt University","ror":"https://ror.org/02vm5rt34","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I200719446"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210148682","display_name":"National Center for Advancing Translational Sciences","ror":"https://ror.org/04pw6fb54","country_code":"US","type":"government","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1299022934","https://openalex.org/I1299303238","https://openalex.org/I4210148682"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I901861585","display_name":"Vanderbilt University Medical Center","ror":"https://ror.org/05dq2gs74","country_code":"US","type":"healthcare","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210162197","https://openalex.org/I901861585"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I98704320","display_name":"Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai","ror":"https://ror.org/04a9tmd77","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1320796813","https://openalex.org/I98704320"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Julian S. Bick","raw_affiliation_strings":["From the Department of Anesthesiology (J.S.B., J.S.S.), and Department of Biostatistics (Y.S., J.S.S.), School of Medicine, Vanderbilt University; and Department of Anesthesiology (J.D.K., C.E.W.), Vanderbilt University Medical Center Nashville, TN; Department of Anesthesiology (S.D.M., A.D.S., M.M.W., A.I.L.), Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY","A Research in Education grant from The Foundation for Anesthesia Education and Research supported this investigation at Vanderbilt. Grant UL1TR000011 from National Center for Advancing Translational Sciences/National Institute of Health to the Vanderbilt Institute for Clinical and Translational Research supported the development of the Research Electronic Data Capture database system utilized in this investigation. The investigation at Mount Sinai was supported by the Department of Anesthesiology","Department of Anesthesiology (J.D.K., C.E.W.), Vanderbilt University Medical Center Nashville, TN","Department of Anesthesiology (S.D.M., A.D.S., M.M.W., A.I.L.), Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY","Drs Bick, Wagner, and Kennedy have accepted honoraria and travel support from Imacor Inc for educational speaking engagements. Drs Bick, Wagner, and Kennedy have taught echocardiography courses supported by unrestricted educational grants to the Department of Anesthesiology at Vanderbilt University from Imacor Inc and Sonosite","From the Department of Anesthesiology (J.S.B., J.S.S.), and Department of Biostatistics (Y.S., J.S.S.), School of Medicine, Vanderbilt University","Reprints: Julian S. Bick, MD, Department of Anesthesiology, Vanderbilt University, 1215 21st Ave, Suite 5160 MCE NT, Office 5163, Campus Box 8274, Nashville, TN 37232-8274 (e-mail: [email\u00a0protected])","The authors declare no conflict of interest"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"From the Department of Anesthesiology (J.S.B., J.S.S.), and Department of Biostatistics (Y.S., J.S.S.), School of Medicine, Vanderbilt University; and Department of Anesthesiology (J.D.K., C.E.W.), Vanderbilt University Medical Center Nashville, TN; Department of Anesthesiology (S.D.M., A.D.S., M.M.W., A.I.L.), Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I200719446","https://openalex.org/I901861585","https://openalex.org/I98704320"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"A Research in Education grant from The Foundation for Anesthesia Education and Research supported this investigation at Vanderbilt. Grant UL1TR000011 from National Center for Advancing Translational Sciences/National Institute of Health to the Vanderbilt Institute for Clinical and Translational Research supported the development of the Research Electronic Data Capture database system utilized in this investigation. The investigation at Mount Sinai was supported by the Department of Anesthesiology","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210148682"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Anesthesiology (J.D.K., C.E.W.), Vanderbilt University Medical Center Nashville, TN","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I901861585"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Anesthesiology (S.D.M., A.D.S., M.M.W., A.I.L.), Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I98704320"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Drs Bick, Wagner, and Kennedy have accepted honoraria and travel support from Imacor Inc for educational speaking engagements. Drs Bick, Wagner, and Kennedy have taught echocardiography courses supported by unrestricted educational grants to the Department of Anesthesiology at Vanderbilt University from Imacor Inc and Sonosite","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I200719446"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"From the Department of Anesthesiology (J.S.B., J.S.S.), and Department of Biostatistics (Y.S., J.S.S.), School of Medicine, Vanderbilt University","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I200719446"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Reprints: Julian S. Bick, MD, Department of Anesthesiology, Vanderbilt University, 1215 21st Ave, Suite 5160 MCE NT, Office 5163, Campus Box 8274, Nashville, TN 37232-8274 (e-mail: [email\u00a0protected])","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I200719446"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"The authors declare no conflict of interest","institution_ids":[]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5008436309","display_name":"Samuel DeMaria","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2808-5539","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2808-5539"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I200719446","display_name":"Vanderbilt University","ror":"https://ror.org/02vm5rt34","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I200719446"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210148682","display_name":"National Center for Advancing Translational Sciences","ror":"https://ror.org/04pw6fb54","country_code":"US","type":"government","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1299022934","https://openalex.org/I1299303238","https://openalex.org/I4210148682"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I901861585","display_name":"Vanderbilt University Medical Center","ror":"https://ror.org/05dq2gs74","country_code":"US","type":"healthcare","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210162197","https://openalex.org/I901861585"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I98704320","display_name":"Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai","ror":"https://ror.org/04a9tmd77","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1320796813","https://openalex.org/I98704320"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Samuel DeMaria","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Anesthesiology (S.D.M., A.D.S., M.M.W., A.I.L.), Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY","From the Department of Anesthesiology (J.S.B., J.S.S.), and Department of Biostatistics (Y.S., J.S.S.), School of Medicine, Vanderbilt University","and Department of Anesthesiology (J.D.K., C.E.W.), Vanderbilt University Medical Center Nashville, TN","A Research in Education grant from The Foundation for Anesthesia Education and Research supported this investigation at Vanderbilt. Grant UL1TR000011 from National Center for Advancing Translational Sciences/National Institute of Health to the Vanderbilt Institute for Clinical and Translational Research supported the development of the Research Electronic Data Capture database system utilized in this investigation. The investigation at Mount Sinai was supported by the Department of Anesthesiology","Department of Anesthesiology (J.D.K., C.E.W.), Vanderbilt University Medical Center Nashville, TN","Drs Bick, Wagner, and Kennedy have accepted honoraria and travel support from Imacor Inc for educational speaking engagements. Drs Bick, Wagner, and Kennedy have taught echocardiography courses supported by unrestricted educational grants to the Department of Anesthesiology at Vanderbilt University from Imacor Inc and Sonosite","Reprints: Julian S. Bick, MD, Department of Anesthesiology, Vanderbilt University, 1215 21st Ave, Suite 5160 MCE NT, Office 5163, Campus Box 8274, Nashville, TN 37232-8274 (e-mail: [email\u00a0protected])","The authors declare no conflict of interest"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Anesthesiology (S.D.M., A.D.S., M.M.W., A.I.L.), Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I98704320"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"From the Department of Anesthesiology (J.S.B., J.S.S.), and Department of Biostatistics (Y.S., J.S.S.), School of Medicine, Vanderbilt University","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I200719446"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"and Department of Anesthesiology (J.D.K., C.E.W.), Vanderbilt University Medical Center Nashville, TN","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I901861585"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"A Research in Education grant from The Foundation for Anesthesia Education and Research supported this investigation at Vanderbilt. Grant UL1TR000011 from National Center for Advancing Translational Sciences/National Institute of Health to the Vanderbilt Institute for Clinical and Translational Research supported the development of the Research Electronic Data Capture database system utilized in this investigation. The investigation at Mount Sinai was supported by the Department of Anesthesiology","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210148682"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Anesthesiology (J.D.K., C.E.W.), Vanderbilt University Medical Center Nashville, TN","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I901861585"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Drs Bick, Wagner, and Kennedy have accepted honoraria and travel support from Imacor Inc for educational speaking engagements. Drs Bick, Wagner, and Kennedy have taught echocardiography courses supported by unrestricted educational grants to the Department of Anesthesiology at Vanderbilt University from Imacor Inc and Sonosite","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I200719446"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Reprints: Julian S. Bick, MD, Department of Anesthesiology, Vanderbilt University, 1215 21st Ave, Suite 5160 MCE NT, Office 5163, Campus Box 8274, Nashville, TN 37232-8274 (e-mail: [email\u00a0protected])","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I200719446"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"The authors declare no conflict of interest","institution_ids":[]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5085471920","display_name":"Jason D. Kennedy","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I200719446","display_name":"Vanderbilt University","ror":"https://ror.org/02vm5rt34","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I200719446"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210148682","display_name":"National Center for Advancing Translational Sciences","ror":"https://ror.org/04pw6fb54","country_code":"US","type":"government","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1299022934","https://openalex.org/I1299303238","https://openalex.org/I4210148682"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I901861585","display_name":"Vanderbilt University Medical Center","ror":"https://ror.org/05dq2gs74","country_code":"US","type":"healthcare","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210162197","https://openalex.org/I901861585"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I98704320","display_name":"Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai","ror":"https://ror.org/04a9tmd77","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1320796813","https://openalex.org/I98704320"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Jason D. Kennedy","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Anesthesiology (S.D.M., A.D.S., M.M.W., A.I.L.), Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY","From the Department of Anesthesiology (J.S.B., J.S.S.), and Department of Biostatistics (Y.S., J.S.S.), School of Medicine, Vanderbilt University","and Department of Anesthesiology (J.D.K., C.E.W.), Vanderbilt University Medical Center Nashville, TN","A Research in Education grant from The Foundation for Anesthesia Education and Research supported this investigation at Vanderbilt. Grant UL1TR000011 from National Center for Advancing Translational Sciences/National Institute of Health to the Vanderbilt Institute for Clinical and Translational Research supported the development of the Research Electronic Data Capture database system utilized in this investigation. The investigation at Mount Sinai was supported by the Department of Anesthesiology","Department of Anesthesiology (J.D.K., C.E.W.), Vanderbilt University Medical Center Nashville, TN","Drs Bick, Wagner, and Kennedy have accepted honoraria and travel support from Imacor Inc for educational speaking engagements. Drs Bick, Wagner, and Kennedy have taught echocardiography courses supported by unrestricted educational grants to the Department of Anesthesiology at Vanderbilt University from Imacor Inc and Sonosite","Reprints: Julian S. Bick, MD, Department of Anesthesiology, Vanderbilt University, 1215 21st Ave, Suite 5160 MCE NT, Office 5163, Campus Box 8274, Nashville, TN 37232-8274 (e-mail: [email\u00a0protected])","The authors declare no conflict of interest"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Anesthesiology (S.D.M., A.D.S., M.M.W., A.I.L.), Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I98704320"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"From the Department of Anesthesiology (J.S.B., J.S.S.), and Department of Biostatistics (Y.S., J.S.S.), School of Medicine, Vanderbilt University","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I200719446"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"and Department of Anesthesiology (J.D.K., C.E.W.), Vanderbilt University Medical Center Nashville, TN","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I901861585"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"A Research in Education grant from The Foundation for Anesthesia Education and Research supported this investigation at Vanderbilt. Grant UL1TR000011 from National Center for Advancing Translational Sciences/National Institute of Health to the Vanderbilt Institute for Clinical and Translational Research supported the development of the Research Electronic Data Capture database system utilized in this investigation. The investigation at Mount Sinai was supported by the Department of Anesthesiology","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210148682"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Anesthesiology (J.D.K., C.E.W.), Vanderbilt University Medical Center Nashville, TN","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I901861585"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Drs Bick, Wagner, and Kennedy have accepted honoraria and travel support from Imacor Inc for educational speaking engagements. Drs Bick, Wagner, and Kennedy have taught echocardiography courses supported by unrestricted educational grants to the Department of Anesthesiology at Vanderbilt University from Imacor Inc and Sonosite","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I200719446"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Reprints: Julian S. Bick, MD, Department of Anesthesiology, Vanderbilt University, 1215 21st Ave, Suite 5160 MCE NT, Office 5163, Campus Box 8274, Nashville, TN 37232-8274 (e-mail: [email\u00a0protected])","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I200719446"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"The authors declare no conflict of interest","institution_ids":[]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5074407236","display_name":"Andrew D. Schwartz","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I200719446","display_name":"Vanderbilt University","ror":"https://ror.org/02vm5rt34","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I200719446"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210148682","display_name":"National Center for Advancing Translational Sciences","ror":"https://ror.org/04pw6fb54","country_code":"US","type":"government","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1299022934","https://openalex.org/I1299303238","https://openalex.org/I4210148682"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I901861585","display_name":"Vanderbilt University Medical Center","ror":"https://ror.org/05dq2gs74","country_code":"US","type":"healthcare","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210162197","https://openalex.org/I901861585"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I98704320","display_name":"Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai","ror":"https://ror.org/04a9tmd77","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1320796813","https://openalex.org/I98704320"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Andrew D. Schwartz","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Anesthesiology (S.D.M., A.D.S., M.M.W., A.I.L.), Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY","From the Department of Anesthesiology (J.S.B., J.S.S.), and Department of Biostatistics (Y.S., J.S.S.), School of Medicine, Vanderbilt University","and Department of Anesthesiology (J.D.K., C.E.W.), Vanderbilt University Medical Center Nashville, TN","A Research in Education grant from The Foundation for Anesthesia Education and Research supported this investigation at Vanderbilt. Grant UL1TR000011 from National Center for Advancing Translational Sciences/National Institute of Health to the Vanderbilt Institute for Clinical and Translational Research supported the development of the Research Electronic Data Capture database system utilized in this investigation. The investigation at Mount Sinai was supported by the Department of Anesthesiology","Department of Anesthesiology (J.D.K., C.E.W.), Vanderbilt University Medical Center Nashville, TN","Drs Bick, Wagner, and Kennedy have accepted honoraria and travel support from Imacor Inc for educational speaking engagements. Drs Bick, Wagner, and Kennedy have taught echocardiography courses supported by unrestricted educational grants to the Department of Anesthesiology at Vanderbilt University from Imacor Inc and Sonosite","Reprints: Julian S. Bick, MD, Department of Anesthesiology, Vanderbilt University, 1215 21st Ave, Suite 5160 MCE NT, Office 5163, Campus Box 8274, Nashville, TN 37232-8274 (e-mail: [email\u00a0protected])","The authors declare no conflict of interest"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Anesthesiology (S.D.M., A.D.S., M.M.W., A.I.L.), Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I98704320"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"From the Department of Anesthesiology (J.S.B., J.S.S.), and Department of Biostatistics (Y.S., J.S.S.), School of Medicine, Vanderbilt University","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I200719446"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"and Department of Anesthesiology (J.D.K., C.E.W.), Vanderbilt University Medical Center Nashville, TN","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I901861585"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"A Research in Education grant from The Foundation for Anesthesia Education and Research supported this investigation at Vanderbilt. Grant UL1TR000011 from National Center for Advancing Translational Sciences/National Institute of Health to the Vanderbilt Institute for Clinical and Translational Research supported the development of the Research Electronic Data Capture database system utilized in this investigation. The investigation at Mount Sinai was supported by the Department of Anesthesiology","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210148682"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Anesthesiology (J.D.K., C.E.W.), Vanderbilt University Medical Center Nashville, TN","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I901861585"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Drs Bick, Wagner, and Kennedy have accepted honoraria and travel support from Imacor Inc for educational speaking engagements. Drs Bick, Wagner, and Kennedy have taught echocardiography courses supported by unrestricted educational grants to the Department of Anesthesiology at Vanderbilt University from Imacor Inc and Sonosite","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I200719446"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Reprints: Julian S. Bick, MD, Department of Anesthesiology, Vanderbilt University, 1215 21st Ave, Suite 5160 MCE NT, Office 5163, Campus Box 8274, Nashville, TN 37232-8274 (e-mail: [email\u00a0protected])","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I200719446"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"The authors declare no conflict of interest","institution_ids":[]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5109317110","display_name":"Menachem M. Weiner","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I200719446","display_name":"Vanderbilt University","ror":"https://ror.org/02vm5rt34","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I200719446"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210148682","display_name":"National Center for Advancing Translational Sciences","ror":"https://ror.org/04pw6fb54","country_code":"US","type":"government","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1299022934","https://openalex.org/I1299303238","https://openalex.org/I4210148682"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I901861585","display_name":"Vanderbilt University Medical Center","ror":"https://ror.org/05dq2gs74","country_code":"US","type":"healthcare","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210162197","https://openalex.org/I901861585"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I98704320","display_name":"Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai","ror":"https://ror.org/04a9tmd77","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1320796813","https://openalex.org/I98704320"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Menachem M. Weiner","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Anesthesiology (S.D.M., A.D.S., M.M.W., A.I.L.), Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY","From the Department of Anesthesiology (J.S.B., J.S.S.), and Department of Biostatistics (Y.S., J.S.S.), School of Medicine, Vanderbilt University","and Department of Anesthesiology (J.D.K., C.E.W.), Vanderbilt University Medical Center Nashville, TN","A Research in Education grant from The Foundation for Anesthesia Education and Research supported this investigation at Vanderbilt. Grant UL1TR000011 from National Center for Advancing Translational Sciences/National Institute of Health to the Vanderbilt Institute for Clinical and Translational Research supported the development of the Research Electronic Data Capture database system utilized in this investigation. The investigation at Mount Sinai was supported by the Department of Anesthesiology","Department of Anesthesiology (J.D.K., C.E.W.), Vanderbilt University Medical Center Nashville, TN","Drs Bick, Wagner, and Kennedy have accepted honoraria and travel support from Imacor Inc for educational speaking engagements. Drs Bick, Wagner, and Kennedy have taught echocardiography courses supported by unrestricted educational grants to the Department of Anesthesiology at Vanderbilt University from Imacor Inc and Sonosite","Reprints: Julian S. Bick, MD, Department of Anesthesiology, Vanderbilt University, 1215 21st Ave, Suite 5160 MCE NT, Office 5163, Campus Box 8274, Nashville, TN 37232-8274 (e-mail: [email\u00a0protected])","The authors declare no conflict of interest"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Anesthesiology (S.D.M., A.D.S., M.M.W., A.I.L.), Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I98704320"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"From the Department of Anesthesiology (J.S.B., J.S.S.), and Department of Biostatistics (Y.S., J.S.S.), School of Medicine, Vanderbilt University","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I200719446"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"and Department of Anesthesiology (J.D.K., C.E.W.), Vanderbilt University Medical Center Nashville, TN","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I901861585"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"A Research in Education grant from The Foundation for Anesthesia Education and Research supported this investigation at Vanderbilt. Grant UL1TR000011 from National Center for Advancing Translational Sciences/National Institute of Health to the Vanderbilt Institute for Clinical and Translational Research supported the development of the Research Electronic Data Capture database system utilized in this investigation. The investigation at Mount Sinai was supported by the Department of Anesthesiology","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210148682"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Anesthesiology (J.D.K., C.E.W.), Vanderbilt University Medical Center Nashville, TN","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I901861585"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Drs Bick, Wagner, and Kennedy have accepted honoraria and travel support from Imacor Inc for educational speaking engagements. 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Bick, MD, Department of Anesthesiology, Vanderbilt University, 1215 21st Ave, Suite 5160 MCE NT, Office 5163, Campus Box 8274, Nashville, TN 37232-8274 (e-mail: [email\u00a0protected])","The authors declare no conflict of interest"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Anesthesiology (S.D.M., A.D.S., M.M.W., A.I.L.), Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I98704320"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"From the Department of Anesthesiology (J.S.B., J.S.S.), and Department of Biostatistics (Y.S., J.S.S.), School of Medicine, Vanderbilt University","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I200719446"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"and Department of Anesthesiology (J.D.K., C.E.W.), Vanderbilt University Medical Center Nashville, TN","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I901861585"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"A Research in Education grant from The Foundation for Anesthesia Education and Research supported this investigation at Vanderbilt. 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