{"id":"https://openalex.org/W2323006255","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1093/police/paw003","title":"The Cambridge Crime Harm Index: Measuring Total Harm from Crime Based on Sentencing Guidelines","display_name":"The Cambridge Crime Harm Index: Measuring Total Harm from Crime Based on Sentencing Guidelines","publication_year":2016,"publication_date":"2016-04-03","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W2323006255","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1093/police/paw003","mag":"2323006255"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1093/police/paw003","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1093/police/paw003","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1093/police/paw003","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S2734603922","display_name":"Policing A Journal of Policy and Practice","issn_l":"1752-4512","issn":["1752-4512","1752-4520"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"listed_in":["anvur-class-a","anvur-scientific","cwts-core","erih-plus","jufo-1","norway-1","poland-70","russia-white-list-1","vabb-shw"],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310311648","host_organization_name":"Oxford University Press","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310311648","https://openalex.org/P4310311647"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Oxford University Press","University of Oxford"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Policing","raw_type":"journal-article"},"volume":null,"type":"article","is_traditional":true,"indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":true,"oa_status":"hybrid","oa_url":"https://doi.org/10.1093/police/paw003","any_repository_has_fulltext":true},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5001892318","display_name":"Lawrence W. Sherman","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7391-3562","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7391-3562"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I241749","display_name":"University of Cambridge","ror":"https://ror.org/013meh722","country_code":"GB","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I241749"]}],"countries":["GB"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Lawrence Sherman","raw_affiliation_strings":["Wolfson Professor of Criminology and Director of the Institute of Criminology, Sidgwick Avenue, Cambridge CB3 9DA, UK"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Wolfson Professor of Criminology and Director of the Institute of Criminology, Sidgwick Avenue, Cambridge CB3 9DA, UK","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I241749"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5068198528","display_name":"Peter Neyroud","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3628-4899","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3628-4899"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I241749","display_name":"University of Cambridge","ror":"https://ror.org/013meh722","country_code":"GB","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I241749"]}],"countries":["GB"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Peter William Neyroud","raw_affiliation_strings":["Wolfson Professor of Criminology and Director of the Institute of Criminology, Sidgwick Avenue, Cambridge CB3 9DA, UK"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Wolfson Professor of Criminology and Director of the Institute of Criminology, Sidgwick Avenue, Cambridge CB3 9DA, UK","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I241749"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5071245468","display_name":"Eleanor Neyroud","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0009-0006-2602-1899","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0009-0006-2602-1899"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I241749","display_name":"University of Cambridge","ror":"https://ror.org/013meh722","country_code":"GB","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I241749"]}],"countries":["GB"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Eleanor Neyroud","raw_affiliation_strings":["PhD candidate, Institute of Criminology, Sidgwick Avenue, Cambridge CB3 9DA, UK"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"PhD candidate, Institute of Criminology, Sidgwick Avenue, Cambridge CB3 9DA, UK","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I241749"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":1,"corresponding_author_ids":[],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I241749"],"apc_list":{"value":4533,"currency":"USD","value_usd":4533},"apc_paid":{"value":4533,"currency":"USD","value_usd":4533},"fwci":275.0181,"has_fulltext":true,"cited_by_count":298,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.99988713,"is_in_top_1_percent":true,"is_in_top_10_percent":true},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":94,"max":100},"biblio":{"volume":"10","issue":"3","first_page":"171","last_page":"183"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T12736","display_name":"Criminal Justice and Penology","score":0.7285000085830688,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3308","display_name":"Law"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/33","display_name":"Social Sciences"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T12736","display_name":"Criminal Justice and Penology","score":0.7285000085830688,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3308","display_name":"Law"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/33","display_name":"Social Sciences"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10574","display_name":"Crime Patterns and Interventions","score":0.21690000593662262,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3312","display_name":"Sociology and Political Science"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/33","display_name":"Social Sciences"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10318","display_name":"Criminal Justice and Corrections Analysis","score":0.023499999195337296,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3312","display_name":"Sociology and Political Science"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/33","display_name":"Social Sciences"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/sentencing-guidelines","display_name":"sentencing guidelines","score":0.777999997138977},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/starting-point","display_name":"starting point","score":0.45100000500679016},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/crime-risk-assessment","display_name":"crime risk assessment","score":0.5910000205039978},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/resource-allocation","display_name":"resource allocation","score":0.5419999957084656}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2777363581","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q15098235","display_name":"Harm","level":2,"score":0.7834668159484863},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2780656516","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q40357","display_name":"Prison","level":2,"score":0.7024495601654053},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2777382242","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q6017816","display_name":"Index (typography)","level":2,"score":0.6660894155502319},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C73484699","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q161733","display_name":"Criminology","level":1,"score":0.6008232235908508},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2777267654","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3519023","display_name":"Test (biology)","level":2,"score":0.5374920964241028},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C9354725","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q286017","display_name":"Operationalization","level":2,"score":0.5118881464004517},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C183115368","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q856577","display_name":"Weighting","level":2,"score":0.4728853106498718},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2776007630","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2798912","display_name":"Accountability","level":2,"score":0.4273437559604645},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C162118730","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1128453","display_name":"Actuarial science","level":1,"score":0.376636803150177},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C17744445","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q36442","display_name":"Political science","level":0,"score":0.37293267250061035},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C144024400","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21201","display_name":"Sociology","level":0,"score":0.35724732279777527},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C199539241","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7748","display_name":"Law","level":1,"score":0.3518998622894287},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C15744967","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q9418","display_name":"Psychology","level":0,"score":0.3436722755432129},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.2653413712978363},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C162324750","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q8134","display_name":"Economics","level":0,"score":0.23858052492141724},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C71924100","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11190","display_name":"Medicine","level":0,"score":0.1110098659992218},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C151730666","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7205","display_name":"Paleontology","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C86803240","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q420","display_name":"Biology","level":0,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C126838900","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q77604","display_name":"Radiology","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C138885662","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5891","display_name":"Philosophy","level":0,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C111472728","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q9471","display_name":"Epistemology","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C136764020","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q466","display_name":"World Wide Web","level":1,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":3,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1093/police/paw003","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1093/police/paw003","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1093/police/paw003","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S2734603922","display_name":"Policing A Journal of Policy and Practice","issn_l":"1752-4512","issn":["1752-4512","1752-4520"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"listed_in":["anvur-class-a","anvur-scientific","cwts-core","erih-plus","jufo-1","norway-1","poland-70","russia-white-list-1","vabb-shw"],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310311648","host_organization_name":"Oxford University Press","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310311648","https://openalex.org/P4310311647"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Oxford University Press","University of Oxford"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Policing","raw_type":"journal-article"},{"id":"pmh:oai:www.repository.cam.ac.uk:1810/254901","doi":null,"is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://www.repository.cam.ac.uk/handle/1810/254901","pdf_url":"https://www.repository.cam.ac.uk/bitstreams/7ed0b8d1-30d1-417e-8a1f-bb597f6063a2/download","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306401777","display_name":"Apollo (University of Cambridge)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I241749","host_organization_name":"University of Cambridge","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I241749"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":null,"raw_type":"Article"},{"id":"pmh:oai:open-archive.highwire.org:policing:10/3/171","doi":null,"is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"http://policing.oxfordjournals.org/cgi/content/short/10/3/171","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4406923041","display_name":"HighWire Press Open Archive","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":null,"host_organization_name":null,"host_organization_lineage":[],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"","raw_type":"TEXT"}],"best_oa_location":{"id":"doi:10.1093/police/paw003","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1093/police/paw003","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1093/police/paw003","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S2734603922","display_name":"Policing A Journal of Policy and Practice","issn_l":"1752-4512","issn":["1752-4512","1752-4520"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"listed_in":["anvur-class-a","anvur-scientific","cwts-core","erih-plus","jufo-1","norway-1","poland-70","russia-white-list-1","vabb-shw"],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310311648","host_organization_name":"Oxford University Press","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310311648","https://openalex.org/P4310311647"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Oxford University Press","University of Oxford"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Policing","raw_type":"journal-article"},"sustainable_development_goals":[{"display_name":"Peace, justice, and strong institutions","id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/16","score":0.9595999717712402}],"study_designs":[],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"pdf":true,"grobid_xml":true},"content_urls":{"pdf":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W2323006255.pdf","grobid_xml":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W2323006255.grobid-xml"},"referenced_works_count":17,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W20179650","https://openalex.org/W605800686","https://openalex.org/W763430612","https://openalex.org/W1534884564","https://openalex.org/W1572246188","https://openalex.org/W2024729924","https://openalex.org/W2043414610","https://openalex.org/W2068750252","https://openalex.org/W2107893221","https://openalex.org/W2115654193","https://openalex.org/W2138861317","https://openalex.org/W2242988661","https://openalex.org/W2302542386","https://openalex.org/W2346580703","https://openalex.org/W2499246515","https://openalex.org/W2724576110","https://openalex.org/W4251874826"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W4403911062","https://openalex.org/W2748991880","https://openalex.org/W4293174235","https://openalex.org/W7124823554","https://openalex.org/W7015788349","https://openalex.org/W4303647004","https://openalex.org/W2800624204","https://openalex.org/W3012392773","https://openalex.org/W6991672810","https://openalex.org/W4400089690"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"The":[0,86],"logic":[1],"of":[2,6,33,89,99,112,123,134,149],"simply":[3],"summing":[4],"crimes":[5,20],"all":[7],"kind":[8],"into":[9],"a":[10,55,60,71,131,146],"single":[11],"total":[12],"has":[13,53],"long":[14],"been":[15],"challenged":[16],"as":[17,27],"misleading.":[18],"All":[19],"are":[21,30,95],"not":[22],"created":[23],"equal.":[24],"Counting":[25],"them":[26],"if":[28],"they":[29],"fosters":[31],"distortion":[32],"risk":[34],"assessments,":[35],"resource":[36],"allocation,":[37],"and":[38,50,69,129,137,152],"accountability.":[39],"To":[40],"solve":[41],"this":[42,76],"problem,":[43],"Sherman":[44],"(2007":[45],",":[46,48],"2010":[47],"2011":[49],"2013":[51],")":[52],"offered":[54],"general":[56],"proposal":[57],"to":[58,108,140],"create":[59],"weighted":[61],"\u2018Crime":[62],"Harm":[63],"Index":[64],"(CHI).\u2019":[65],"This":[66],"article":[67],"provides":[68],"explicates":[70],"detailed":[72],"procedure":[73],"for":[74,116],"operationalizing":[75],"idea":[77],"in":[78,103,114],"UK:":[79],"what":[80],"we":[81],"call":[82],"the":[83,90,97,100,104,110,121,135],"\u2018Cambridge":[84],"CHI.\u2019":[85],"new":[87],"elements":[88],"Cambridge":[91,136],"CHI":[92],"presented":[93],"here":[94],"(1)":[96],"use":[98],"\u2018starting":[101],"point\u2019":[102],"national":[105],"Sentencing":[106],"Guidelines":[107],"define":[109],"number":[111],"days":[113],"prison":[115],"each":[117],"offence":[118],"type;":[119],"(2)":[120],"exclusion":[122],"proactively":[124],"detected,":[125],"previously":[126],"unreported":[127],"offences,":[128],"(3)":[130],"comparative":[132],"analysis":[133],"other":[138],"approaches":[139],"weighting":[141],"crime":[142],"harm,":[143],"judged":[144],"by":[145],"three-pronged":[147],"test":[148],"democracy,":[150],"reliability,":[151],"cost.":[153]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2026,"cited_by_count":16},{"year":2025,"cited_by_count":35},{"year":2024,"cited_by_count":35},{"year":2023,"cited_by_count":27},{"year":2022,"cited_by_count":67},{"year":2021,"cited_by_count":17},{"year":2020,"cited_by_count":24},{"year":2019,"cited_by_count":24},{"year":2018,"cited_by_count":20},{"year":2017,"cited_by_count":26},{"year":2016,"cited_by_count":5},{"year":2015,"cited_by_count":2}],"updated_date":"2026-11-04T10:54:05.112534","created_date":"2016-06-24T00:00:00"}
