{"id":"https://openalex.org/W2322927239","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1017/s1049096500037288","title":"The Quebec Challenge to Canadian Unity","display_name":"The Quebec Challenge to Canadian Unity","publication_year":1993,"publication_date":"1993-03-01","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W2322927239","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1017/s1049096500037288","mag":"2322927239"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1017/s1049096500037288","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1017/s1049096500037288","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1017/s1049096500037288","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S975761300","display_name":"PS Political Science & Politics","issn_l":"0030-8269","issn":["0030-8269","1049-0965","1537-5935","2325-7172"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"listed_in":["anvur-class-a","anvur-scientific","cwts-core","jufo-1","norway-1","poland-100","russia-white-list-1","vabb-shw"],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310311721","host_organization_name":"Cambridge University Press","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310311721","https://openalex.org/P4310311702"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Cambridge University Press","University of Cambridge"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"PS: Political Science & Politics","raw_type":"journal-article"},"volume":null,"type":"article","is_traditional":true,"indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":false,"oa_status":"closed","oa_url":null,"any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5106524910","display_name":"St\u00e9phane Dion","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I70931966","display_name":"Universit\u00e9 de Montr\u00e9al","ror":"https://ror.org/0161xgx34","country_code":"CA","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I70931966"]}],"countries":["CA"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"St\u00e9phane Dion","raw_affiliation_strings":["Universit\u00e9 de Montr\u00e9al"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Universit\u00e9 de Montr\u00e9al","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I70931966"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":1,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5106524910"],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I70931966"],"apc_list":{"value":3550,"currency":"USD","value_usd":3550},"apc_paid":null,"fwci":10.1917,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":12,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.97883352,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":true},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":88,"max":93},"biblio":{"volume":"26","issue":"01","first_page":"38","last_page":"43"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T12619","display_name":"Political Systems and Governance","score":0.9970999956130981,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3320","display_name":"Political Science and International Relations"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/33","display_name":"Social Sciences"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T12619","display_name":"Political Systems and Governance","score":0.9970999956130981,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3320","display_name":"Political Science and International Relations"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/33","display_name":"Social Sciences"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T12219","display_name":"Canadian Identity and History","score":0.002099999925121665,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1202","display_name":"History"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/12","display_name":"Arts and Humanities"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T13655","display_name":"Canadian Policy and Governance","score":9.999999747378752e-05,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3320","display_name":"Political Science and International Relations"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/33","display_name":"Social Sciences"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/canadian-federalism","display_name":"Canadian federalism","score":0.7739999890327454},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/canadian-unity","display_name":"Canadian unity","score":0.4869999885559082},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/secession","display_name":"secession","score":0.5720000267028809},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/quebec-nationalism","display_name":"Quebec nationalism","score":0.6259999871253967},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/linguistic-minorities","display_name":"linguistic minorities","score":0.4650000035762787},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/ethnic-and-religious-minorities","display_name":"ethnic and religious minorities","score":0.5049999952316284},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/regional-self-determination","display_name":"regional self-determination","score":0.41100001335144043},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/federalism-crisis","display_name":"federalism crisis","score":0.32199999690055847}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2780857596","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q687031","display_name":"Secession","level":3,"score":0.6707822680473328},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C17744445","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q36442","display_name":"Political science","level":0,"score":0.5890345573425293},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C171773132","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2519156","display_name":"Alienation","level":2,"score":0.5617642402648926},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C65414064","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q484105","display_name":"Autonomy","level":2,"score":0.52039635181427},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2777596936","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q727002","display_name":"Charter","level":2,"score":0.4965386986732483},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2910001868","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q458","display_name":"European union","level":2,"score":0.4944283962249756},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2778137410","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2732820","display_name":"Government (linguistics)","level":2,"score":0.4911141097545624},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C122980154","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q205555","display_name":"Feeling","level":2,"score":0.48408687114715576},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2777483011","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3042652","display_name":"Grievance","level":2,"score":0.4819228947162628},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C533735693","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q204886","display_name":"Federalism","level":3,"score":0.43965384364128113},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2778272461","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q190752","display_name":"Supreme court","level":2,"score":0.4109949767589569},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C138921699","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q47555","display_name":"Political economy","level":1,"score":0.4039190411567688},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C199539241","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7748","display_name":"Law","level":1,"score":0.3512326180934906},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C144024400","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21201","display_name":"Sociology","level":0,"score":0.26562049984931946},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C94625758","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7163","display_name":"Politics","level":2,"score":0.13662031292915344},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C162324750","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q8134","display_name":"Economics","level":0,"score":0.1301136612892151},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C15744967","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q9418","display_name":"Psychology","level":0,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C138885662","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5891","display_name":"Philosophy","level":0,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41895202","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q8162","display_name":"Linguistics","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C105639569","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q582577","display_name":"Economic policy","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C77805123","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q161272","display_name":"Social psychology","level":1,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":3,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1017/s1049096500037288","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1017/s1049096500037288","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1017/s1049096500037288","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S975761300","display_name":"PS Political Science & Politics","issn_l":"0030-8269","issn":["0030-8269","1049-0965","1537-5935","2325-7172"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"listed_in":["anvur-class-a","anvur-scientific","cwts-core","jufo-1","norway-1","poland-100","russia-white-list-1","vabb-shw"],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310311721","host_organization_name":"Cambridge University Press","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310311721","https://openalex.org/P4310311702"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Cambridge University Press","University of Cambridge"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"PS: Political Science & Politics","raw_type":"journal-article"},{"id":"doi:10.2307/419502","doi":"https://doi.org/10.2307/419502","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.2307/419502","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S975761300","display_name":"PS Political Science & Politics","issn_l":"0030-8269","issn":["0030-8269","1049-0965","1537-5935","2325-7172"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"listed_in":["anvur-class-a","anvur-scientific","cwts-core","jufo-1","norway-1","poland-100","russia-white-list-1","vabb-shw"],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310311721","host_organization_name":"Cambridge University Press","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310311721","https://openalex.org/P4310311702"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Cambridge University Press","University of Cambridge"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"PS: Political Science & Politics","raw_type":"journal-article"},{"id":"mag:2512038488","doi":null,"is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"http://www.territorystories.nt.gov.au/handle/10070/86936","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S975761300","display_name":"PS Political Science & Politics","issn_l":"0030-8269","issn":["0030-8269","1049-0965","1537-5935","2325-7172"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"listed_in":["anvur-class-a","anvur-scientific","cwts-core","jufo-1","norway-1","poland-100","russia-white-list-1","vabb-shw"],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310311721","host_organization_name":"Cambridge University Press","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310311721","https://openalex.org/P4310311702"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Cambridge University Press","University of Cambridge"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":null,"is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"PS Political Science & Politics","raw_type":null}],"best_oa_location":null,"sustainable_development_goals":[{"id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/16","score":0.6601999998092651,"display_name":"Peace, justice, and strong institutions"}],"study_designs":[],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"grobid_xml":false,"pdf":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":3,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W1973539372","https://openalex.org/W2037384804","https://openalex.org/W2795689054"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W2512038488","https://openalex.org/W7038173594","https://openalex.org/W4380234947","https://openalex.org/W7126035903","https://openalex.org/W2955412808","https://openalex.org/W7135676412","https://openalex.org/W7046882572","https://openalex.org/W2789174530","https://openalex.org/W2318720542","https://openalex.org/W2980810240"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"The":[0,90],"current":[1],"Canadian":[2],"constitutional":[3],"crisis":[4],"has":[5],"many":[6,152],"roots:":[7],"the":[8,11,14,18,27,50,53,63,66,84,97,128,168,209,213,220,236,247,255],"alienation":[9],"of":[10,17,29,32,35,52,65,99,197,202,245,249],"western":[12],"provinces,":[13,24],"increasing":[15],"difficulties":[16],"federal":[19],"government":[20],"in":[21,68,102,114,127,146,148,174,212,254],"funding":[22],"poorer":[23],"aboriginal":[25],"renewal,":[26],"intrusion":[28],"a":[30,36,41,133,162,191,195,205,217],"Charter":[31],"Rights":[33],"and":[34,234],"powerful":[37],"Supreme":[38],"Court":[39],"into":[40],"parliamentary":[42],"Westminster":[43],"system.":[44],"But":[45,106],"only":[46],"one":[47],"factor":[48],"challenges":[49],"unity":[51],"country:":[54],"Quebec":[55,91,121,131],"secessionism.Quebecers":[56],"have":[57,138],"freely":[58],"elected":[59],"pro-Canada":[60],"politicians":[61],"since":[62],"beginning":[64],"federation":[67],"1867.":[69],"Their":[70],"situation":[71],"cannot":[72],"be":[73],"compared":[74],"with":[75,96],"new":[76],"democracies":[77],"issued":[78],"from":[79,161],"decaying":[80],"totalitarian":[81],"regimes,":[82],"like":[83],"Soviet":[85],"Union,":[86],"Yugoslavia,":[87],"or":[88,178,185,200,228],"Czechoslovakia.":[89],"question":[92],"bears":[93],"more":[94],"similarity":[95],"re-emergence":[98],"pro-autonomy":[100],"movements":[101,171],"some":[103],"West-European":[104],"countries.":[105],"neither":[107],"Scotland,":[108],"Catalonia,":[109],"nor":[110],"any":[111,182],"other":[112],"region":[113],"Western":[115],"Europe":[116],"is":[117,132,165,194,216,238,261],"as":[118,120,204,226],"likely":[119,263],"to":[122,159,189,264],"become":[123],"an":[124],"independent":[125],"country":[126,163],"near":[129],"future.":[130],"striking":[134],"case":[135],"that":[136,156,164,222,235],"may":[137,257],"important":[139],"leading":[140],"effects":[141],"on":[142,231],"what":[143],"will":[144],"happen":[145],"Europe.Why":[147],"this":[149],"era":[150],"are":[151,172,270],"Quebecers":[153],"so":[154],"nationalistic":[155],"they":[157],"wish":[158],"exit":[160],"envied":[166],"around":[167],"world?":[169],"Secessionist":[170],"rooted":[173],"two":[175],"antithetical":[176],"feelings":[177,269],"incentives":[179],"shared":[180],"by":[181],"linguistic,":[183],"religious,":[184],"ethnic":[186],"group":[187,210,221],"looking":[188],"leave":[190],"union.":[192,214],"First,":[193],"fear":[196],"being":[198,252],"weakened":[199],"even":[201,229],"disappearing":[203],"distinct":[206],"people":[207],"if":[208],"stays":[211],"Second,":[215],"confidence":[218],"among":[219],"it":[223],"can":[224],"perform":[225],"well,":[227],"better,":[230],"its":[232],"own":[233],"secession":[237],"not":[239],"too":[240],"risky.":[241],"A":[242],"third":[243],"feeling":[244],"rejection,":[246],"sensation":[248],"no":[250],"longer":[251],"welcomed":[253],"union,":[256],"also":[258],"occur.":[259],"Secession":[260],"most":[262],"take":[265],"place":[266],"when":[267],"these":[268],"all":[271],"at":[272],"high":[273],"levels.":[274]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2025,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2023,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2016,"cited_by_count":1}],"updated_date":"2026-11-07T11:25:07.637180","created_date":"2016-06-24T00:00:00"}