{"id":"https://openalex.org/W2321905292","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1093/jee/54.6.1112","title":"Effectiveness of Bacillus thuringiensis and Several Chemical Insecticides for Control of Budworms and Hornworms on Tobacco","display_name":"Effectiveness of Bacillus thuringiensis and Several Chemical Insecticides for Control of Budworms and Hornworms on Tobacco","publication_year":1961,"publication_date":"1961-12-01","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W2321905292","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1093/jee/54.6.1112","mag":"2321905292"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1093/jee/54.6.1112","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1093/jee/54.6.1112","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1093/jee/54.6.1112","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S146976949","display_name":"Journal of Economic Entomology","issn_l":"0022-0493","issn":["0022-0493","1938-291X"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"listed_in":["anvur-scientific","cwts-core","dongbi-d","jufo-1","medline","norway-1","poland-70","russia-white-list-1"],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310311648","host_organization_name":"Oxford University Press","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310311648","https://openalex.org/P4310311647"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Oxford University Press","University of Oxford"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Journal of Economic Entomology","raw_type":"journal-article"},"volume":null,"type":"article","is_traditional":true,"indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":false,"oa_status":"closed","oa_url":null,"any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5044286236","display_name":"Charlie S. Creighton","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I1312222531","display_name":"Agricultural Research Service","ror":"https://ror.org/02d2m2044","country_code":"US","type":"government","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1312222531","https://openalex.org/I1336096307"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I1336096307","display_name":"United States Department of Agriculture","ror":"https://ror.org/01na82s61","country_code":"US","type":"government","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1336096307"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"C. S. Creighton","raw_affiliation_strings":["Entomology Research Division. Agric. Res. Serv., U.S.D.A"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Entomology Research Division. Agric. Res. Serv., U.S.D.A","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I1312222531","https://openalex.org/I1336096307"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5025693563","display_name":"W. S. Kinard","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I1312222531","display_name":"Agricultural Research Service","ror":"https://ror.org/02d2m2044","country_code":"US","type":"government","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1312222531","https://openalex.org/I1336096307"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I1336096307","display_name":"United States Department of Agriculture","ror":"https://ror.org/01na82s61","country_code":"US","type":"government","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1336096307"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"W. S. Kinard","raw_affiliation_strings":["Entomology Research Division. Agric. Res. Serv., U.S.D.A"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Entomology Research Division. Agric. Res. Serv., U.S.D.A","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I1312222531","https://openalex.org/I1336096307"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5113569166","display_name":"Norman Allen","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I1312222531","display_name":"Agricultural Research Service","ror":"https://ror.org/02d2m2044","country_code":"US","type":"government","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1312222531","https://openalex.org/I1336096307"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I1336096307","display_name":"United States Department of Agriculture","ror":"https://ror.org/01na82s61","country_code":"US","type":"government","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1336096307"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Norman Allen","raw_affiliation_strings":["Entomology Research Division. Agric. Res. Serv., U.S.D.A"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Entomology Research Division. Agric. Res. Serv., U.S.D.A","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I1312222531","https://openalex.org/I1336096307"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":2,"corresponding_author_ids":[],"corresponding_institution_ids":[],"apc_list":{"value":4328,"currency":"USD","value_usd":4328},"apc_paid":null,"fwci":1.5307,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":14,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.76147959,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":88,"max":95},"biblio":{"volume":"54","issue":"6","first_page":"1112","last_page":"1114"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11436","display_name":"Entomopathogenic Microorganisms in Pest Control","score":0.9437999725341797,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1109","display_name":"Insect Science"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/11","display_name":"Agricultural and Biological Sciences"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/1","display_name":"Life Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11436","display_name":"Entomopathogenic Microorganisms in Pest Control","score":0.9437999725341797,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1109","display_name":"Insect Science"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/11","display_name":"Agricultural and Biological Sciences"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/1","display_name":"Life Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11075","display_name":"Insect Resistance and Genetics","score":0.030500000342726707,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1312","display_name":"Molecular Biology"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/13","display_name":"Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/1","display_name":"Life Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11065","display_name":"Insect Pest Control Strategies","score":0.018400000408291817,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1110","display_name":"Plant Science"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/11","display_name":"Agricultural and Biological Sciences"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/1","display_name":"Life Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/bacillus-thuringiensis","display_name":"Bacillus thuringiensis","score":0.9990000128746033},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/manduca-sexta","display_name":"Manduca sexta","score":0.8679999709129333},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/heliothis-virescens","display_name":"Heliothis virescens","score":0.9959999918937683},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/nicotiana-tabacum","display_name":"tobacco","score":0.5910000205039978},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/biological-control","display_name":"biological control","score":0.6679999828338623},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/chemical-insecticides","display_name":"chemical insecticides","score":0.8709999918937683},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/endosulfan","display_name":"endosulfan","score":0.8460000157356262},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/endrin","display_name":"endrin","score":0.9570000171661377},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/phytotoxicity","display_name":"phytotoxicity","score":0.8980000019073486},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/insecticide-mixtures","display_name":"insecticide mixtures","score":0.5180000066757202},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/field-efficacy","display_name":"field efficacy","score":0.3330000042915344}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2779035793","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q310467","display_name":"Bacillus thuringiensis","level":3,"score":0.9268307685852051},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C86803240","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q420","display_name":"Biology","level":0,"score":0.8382213115692139},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2780335518","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q423354","display_name":"Endrin","level":4,"score":0.7704871892929077},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C174618031","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q177332","display_name":"Spore","level":2,"score":0.6512264013290405},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2780817676","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5706029","display_name":"Heliothis virescens","level":4,"score":0.6219279766082764},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C33070731","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7218","display_name":"Toxicology","level":1,"score":0.5124645829200745},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C120835403","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q987575","display_name":"Biopesticide","level":3,"score":0.4790550470352173},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C59822182","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q441","display_name":"Botany","level":1,"score":0.42558005452156067},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C144027150","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q48803","display_name":"Horticulture","level":1,"score":0.3833249807357788},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C161176658","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q131656","display_name":"Pesticide","level":2,"score":0.24674385786056519},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C22508944","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q568174","display_name":"PEST analysis","level":2,"score":0.2226148247718811},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C6557445","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q173113","display_name":"Agronomy","level":1,"score":0.2021927833557129},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2776640376","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q423992","display_name":"Dieldrin","level":3,"score":0.12462800741195679},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C523546767","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q10876","display_name":"Bacteria","level":2,"score":0.10889747738838196},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2778350275","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q459180","display_name":"Noctuidae","level":3,"score":0.08508837223052979},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C54355233","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7162","display_name":"Genetics","level":1,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":1,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1093/jee/54.6.1112","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1093/jee/54.6.1112","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1093/jee/54.6.1112","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S146976949","display_name":"Journal of Economic Entomology","issn_l":"0022-0493","issn":["0022-0493","1938-291X"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"listed_in":["anvur-scientific","cwts-core","dongbi-d","jufo-1","medline","norway-1","poland-70","russia-white-list-1"],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310311648","host_organization_name":"Oxford University Press","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310311648","https://openalex.org/P4310311647"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Oxford University Press","University of Oxford"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Journal of Economic Entomology","raw_type":"journal-article"}],"best_oa_location":null,"sustainable_development_goals":[{"id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/2","score":0.8409000039100647,"display_name":"Zero hunger"}],"study_designs":[],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"grobid_xml":false,"pdf":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":0,"referenced_works":[],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W2138412122","https://openalex.org/W2327066034","https://openalex.org/W4234720505","https://openalex.org/W7067068528","https://openalex.org/W2075555205","https://openalex.org/W4236135509","https://openalex.org/W2318959366","https://openalex.org/W2334502520","https://openalex.org/W3194746587","https://openalex.org/W2771353216"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"In":[0],"a":[1,11,54],"field":[2],"experiment":[3],"conducted":[4],"at":[5],"Florence,":[6],"S.":[7],"C.,":[8],"in":[9,53,99],"1960,":[10],"commercial":[12],"Bacillus":[13],"thuringiensis":[14],"Berliner":[15],"spore":[16,48],"material":[17],"containing":[18,69],"93":[19],"\u00d7":[20],"109":[21],"spores":[22],"per":[23],"gram":[24],"gave":[25,61],"good":[26,63],"control":[27,66],"of":[28,46,107],"the":[29,36,47,58,96,101,104,108,120],"tobacco":[30,37],"hornworm":[31],"(Protoparce":[32],"sexta":[33],"(Johannson))":[34],"and":[35,93,110],"budworm":[38],"(Heliothis":[39],"virescens":[40],"(F.))":[41],"on":[42],"tobacco.":[43],"Hand":[44],"applications":[45],"material,":[49],"either":[50,111],"undiluted":[51],"or":[52,64,74,113],"cornmeal":[55],"bait,":[56],"to":[57,83,95],"terminal":[59],"buds":[60],"as":[62],"better":[65,118],"than":[67,119],"sprays":[68],"Thiodan\u00ae":[70],"(6,7,8,9,10,":[71],"10-hexachloro-1,5,5a,6,9,9a-hexahydro-6,9,-methano-2,4,3-benzodioxathiepin-3-oxide),":[72],"endrin,":[73],"Shell":[75],"SD-4402":[76,112],"(1,3,4,5,6,":[77],"7,8,8-octachloro-8a,4,":[78],"7,7a-tetrahydro-4,7-methanophthalan),":[79],"but":[80],"caused":[81],"injury":[82],"tender":[84],"foliage.":[85],"A":[86],"bacillus":[87,109,121],"suspension":[88],"spray":[89],"was":[90],"less":[91],"phytotoxic":[92],"equal":[94],"chemical":[97],"insecticides":[98],"protecting":[100],"plants":[102],"from":[103],"caterpillars.":[105],"Combinations":[106],"Thiodan":[114],"were":[115],"usually":[116],"no":[117],"alone.":[122]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2020,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2012,"cited_by_count":1}],"updated_date":"2026-09-22T06:50:58.402377","created_date":"2016-06-24T00:00:00"}
