{"id":"https://openalex.org/W2321849062","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1515/langcog-2012-0016","title":"Duality of patterning: Absolute universal or statistical tendency?","display_name":"Duality of patterning: Absolute universal or statistical tendency?","publication_year":2012,"publication_date":"2012-11-05","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W2321849062","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1515/langcog-2012-0016","mag":"2321849062"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1515/langcog-2012-0016","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1515/langcog-2012-0016","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1515/langcog-2012-0016","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S86605427","display_name":"Language and Cognition","issn_l":"1866-9808","issn":["1866-9808","1866-9859"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"listed_in":["anvur-class-a","anvur-scientific","cwts-core","doaj","dongbi-d","erih-plus","jufo-2","norway-1","poland-100","russia-white-list-1","vabb-shw"],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310311721","host_organization_name":"Cambridge University Press","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310311721","https://openalex.org/P4310311702"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Cambridge University Press","University of Cambridge"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Language and Cognition","raw_type":"journal-article"},"volume":null,"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref","doaj"],"open_access":{"is_oa":false,"oa_status":"closed","oa_url":null,"any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5037746548","display_name":"Juliette Blevins","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2063-4778","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2063-4778"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I121847817","display_name":"The Graduate Center, CUNY","ror":"https://ror.org/00awd9g61","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I121847817"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I174216632","display_name":"City University of New York","ror":"https://ror.org/00453a208","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I174216632"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Juliette Blevins","raw_affiliation_strings":["Linguistics Program, CUNY Graduate Center, 365 Fifth Avenue, New York, NY 10016, USA"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Linguistics Program, CUNY Graduate Center, 365 Fifth Avenue, New York, NY 10016, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I121847817","https://openalex.org/I174216632"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":2,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5037746548"],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I121847817","https://openalex.org/I174216632"],"apc_list":{"value":3550,"currency":"USD","value_usd":3550},"apc_paid":null,"fwci":50.0798,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":51,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.99680649,"is_in_top_1_percent":true,"is_in_top_10_percent":true},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":89,"max":100},"biblio":{"volume":"4","issue":"4","first_page":"275","last_page":"296"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10034","display_name":"Syntax, Semantics, Linguistic Variation","score":0.9613999724388123,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1203","display_name":"Language and Linguistics"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/12","display_name":"Arts and Humanities"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10034","display_name":"Syntax, Semantics, Linguistic Variation","score":0.9613999724388123,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1203","display_name":"Language and Linguistics"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/12","display_name":"Arts and Humanities"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10403","display_name":"Phonetics and Phonology Research","score":0.01360000018030405,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3205","display_name":"Experimental and Cognitive Psychology"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/32","display_name":"Psychology"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T12694","display_name":"Categorization, perception, and language","score":0.008999999612569809,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3205","display_name":"Experimental and Cognitive Psychology"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/32","display_name":"Psychology"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/linguistic-universals","display_name":"language universals","score":0.9639999866485596},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/phonological-units","display_name":"phonological units","score":0.7269999980926514},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/recombination","display_name":"recombination","score":0.6570000052452087},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/form-meaning-correspondence","display_name":"form-meaning correspondence","score":0.6340000033378601},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/phonology","display_name":"phonology","score":0.4009999930858612}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C183992945","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2495574","display_name":"Universality (dynamical systems)","level":2,"score":0.6360960006713867},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C79078291","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q980142","display_name":"Linguistic universal","level":3,"score":0.6142290234565735},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2778023678","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q554403","display_name":"Duality (order theory)","level":2,"score":0.5875082015991211},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C16592111","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q6092032","display_name":"Problem of universals","level":2,"score":0.553349494934082},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C33923547","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q395","display_name":"Mathematics","level":0,"score":0.5485636591911316},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41895202","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q8162","display_name":"Linguistics","level":1,"score":0.49474212527275085},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C527412718","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q855395","display_name":"Interpretation (philosophy)","level":2,"score":0.4785395562648773},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C26022165","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q8091","display_name":"Grammar","level":2,"score":0.3814009130001068},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C202444582","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q837863","display_name":"Pure mathematics","level":1,"score":0.3117114305496216},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C138885662","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5891","display_name":"Philosophy","level":0,"score":0.13769829273223877},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C121332964","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q413","display_name":"Physics","level":0,"score":0.08816742897033691},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C62520636","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q944","display_name":"Quantum mechanics","level":1,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":1,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1515/langcog-2012-0016","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1515/langcog-2012-0016","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1515/langcog-2012-0016","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S86605427","display_name":"Language and Cognition","issn_l":"1866-9808","issn":["1866-9808","1866-9859"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"listed_in":["anvur-class-a","anvur-scientific","cwts-core","doaj","dongbi-d","erih-plus","jufo-2","norway-1","poland-100","russia-white-list-1","vabb-shw"],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310311721","host_organization_name":"Cambridge University Press","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310311721","https://openalex.org/P4310311702"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Cambridge University Press","University of Cambridge"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Language and Cognition","raw_type":"journal-article"}],"best_oa_location":null,"sustainable_development_goals":[],"sustainable_development_goals_aurora":[{"id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/4","display_name":"Quality education","score":0.8399999737739563}],"study_designs":[],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"pdf":false,"grobid_xml":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":69,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W76990882","https://openalex.org/W125004432","https://openalex.org/W148505098","https://openalex.org/W177708352","https://openalex.org/W633076881","https://openalex.org/W1485785480","https://openalex.org/W1486114846","https://openalex.org/W1490528202","https://openalex.org/W1496324522","https://openalex.org/W1511836737","https://openalex.org/W1521255875","https://openalex.org/W1521347974","https://openalex.org/W1537169070","https://openalex.org/W1541511385","https://openalex.org/W1553139091","https://openalex.org/W1554450038","https://openalex.org/W1556018550","https://openalex.org/W1562629456","https://openalex.org/W1565128275","https://openalex.org/W1575457438","https://openalex.org/W1595646131","https://openalex.org/W1603460875","https://openalex.org/W1606533803","https://openalex.org/W1687743765","https://openalex.org/W1740997124","https://openalex.org/W1895119566","https://openalex.org/W1974312763","https://openalex.org/W1975420929","https://openalex.org/W1976388103","https://openalex.org/W1984056534","https://openalex.org/W1996234292","https://openalex.org/W2000715870","https://openalex.org/W2003748482","https://openalex.org/W2013465549","https://openalex.org/W2021128066","https://openalex.org/W2022446405","https://openalex.org/W2023378726","https://openalex.org/W2032678356","https://openalex.org/W2047056160","https://openalex.org/W2047723373","https://openalex.org/W2051172514","https://openalex.org/W2068447135","https://openalex.org/W2073846927","https://openalex.org/W2079833689","https://openalex.org/W2088559428","https://openalex.org/W2089040516","https://openalex.org/W2109592461","https://openalex.org/W2138363643","https://openalex.org/W2141622639","https://openalex.org/W2144859560","https://openalex.org/W2163756561","https://openalex.org/W2237657727","https://openalex.org/W2275269834","https://openalex.org/W2299097965","https://openalex.org/W2317726508","https://openalex.org/W2318151762","https://openalex.org/W2331978705","https://openalex.org/W2332247135","https://openalex.org/W2586213046","https://openalex.org/W2733384322","https://openalex.org/W2901304245","https://openalex.org/W2987484108","https://openalex.org/W2990586685","https://openalex.org/W4233887139","https://openalex.org/W4237595250","https://openalex.org/W4241547063","https://openalex.org/W4242438765","https://openalex.org/W4289127100","https://openalex.org/W4321428117"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W2481261614","https://openalex.org/W2327554148","https://openalex.org/W2111733661","https://openalex.org/W4244098452","https://openalex.org/W2060516338","https://openalex.org/W2334621148","https://openalex.org/W2027774474","https://openalex.org/W4402762816","https://openalex.org/W7212094114","https://openalex.org/W2771734243"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"Abstract":[0],"As":[1],"more":[2,11],"of":[3,18,27,30,77,88,100,108,121,139],"the":[4,16,25,28,82,106],"world's":[5],"languages":[6,113,123],"are":[7,130],"described":[8],"and":[9,79,136],"compared,":[10],"absolute":[12],"universals":[13],"have":[14,23],"joined":[15],"class":[17],"statistical":[19,71],"tendencies.":[20],"However,":[21,53],"few":[22],"questioned":[24],"universality":[26],"duality":[29,115],"patterning.":[31],"Following":[32],"Hockett,":[33],"most":[34,80],"linguists":[35],"assume":[36],"that":[37,62,91],"in":[38,58,143],"all":[39],"human":[40],"languages,":[41],"discrete":[42],"meaningless":[43,133],"parts":[44],"combine":[45],"to":[46,94,149],"form":[47],"meaningful":[48],"units":[49,90],"that,":[50],"themselves,":[51],"recombine.":[52],"an":[54],"alternative":[55],"interpretation,":[56],"explored":[57],"this":[59,104],"article,":[60],"is":[61,69,105,116],"duality,":[63,109],"like":[64],"other":[65],"proposed":[66],"linguistic":[67],"universals,":[68],"a":[70,74,96,118],"tendency":[72],"reflecting":[73],"complex":[75],"set":[76,99],"factors,":[78],"centrally,":[81],"need":[83],"for":[84],"some":[85],"minimal":[86],"number":[87],"basic":[89],"can":[92],"recombine":[93],"yield":[95],"potentially":[97],"infinite":[98],"form-meaning":[101],"correspondences.":[102],"If":[103],"essence":[107],"then":[110],"we":[111],"expect:":[112],"where":[114,124],"not":[117,127],"central":[119],"component":[120],"grammar;":[122],"most,":[125],"but":[126],"all,":[128],"utterances":[129],"decomposable":[131],"into":[132],"phonological":[134,140],"units;":[135],"different":[137,144],"types":[138],"building":[141],"blocks":[142],"languages.":[145],"These":[146],"expectations":[147],"appear":[148],"be":[150],"confirmed":[151],"by":[152],"natural":[153],"language":[154],"data.":[155]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2022,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2020,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2019,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2018,"cited_by_count":22},{"year":2017,"cited_by_count":4},{"year":2015,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2014,"cited_by_count":15},{"year":2013,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2012,"cited_by_count":3}],"updated_date":"2026-10-16T09:59:22.235173","created_date":"2016-06-24T00:00:00"}
