{"id":"https://openalex.org/W2321572344","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1021/nl4033928","title":"Epitaxial Graphene Growth and Shape Dynamics on Copper: Phase-Field Modeling and Experiments","display_name":"Epitaxial Graphene Growth and Shape Dynamics on Copper: Phase-Field Modeling and Experiments","publication_year":2013,"publication_date":"2013-10-22","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W2321572344","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1021/nl4033928","mag":"2321572344","pmid":"https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/24147584"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1021/nl4033928","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1021/nl4033928","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1021/nl4033928","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S143846845","display_name":"Nano Letters","issn_l":"1530-6984","issn":["1530-6984","1530-6992"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"listed_in":["cwts-core","dongbi-a","jufo-3","ki-jl-2","medline","norway-2","poland-200","russia-white-list-1","vabb-shw"],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310320006","host_organization_name":"American Chemical Society","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310320006"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["American Chemical Society"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Nano Letters","raw_type":"journal-article"},"volume":null,"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref","pubmed"],"open_access":{"is_oa":true,"oa_status":"green","oa_url":"http://hdl.handle.net/10396/34803","any_repository_has_fulltext":true},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5025483571","display_name":"Esteban Meca","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8258-7818","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8258-7818"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I204250578","display_name":"University of California, Irvine","ror":"https://ror.org/04gyf1771","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I204250578"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Esteban Meca","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department\rof Mathematics, University of California, Irvine, California 92697-3875, United States"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department\rof Mathematics, University of California, Irvine, California 92697-3875, United States","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I204250578"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5010714351","display_name":"John S. Lowengrub","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1759-0900","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1759-0900"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I204250578","display_name":"University of California, Irvine","ror":"https://ror.org/04gyf1771","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I204250578"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"John Lowengrub","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department\rof Mathematics, University of California, Irvine, California 92697-3875, United States"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department\rof Mathematics, University of California, Irvine, California 92697-3875, United States","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I204250578"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5012002624","display_name":"HoKwon Kim","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5655-385X","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5655-385X"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I2738703131","display_name":"Commissariat \u00e0 l'\u00c9nergie Atomique et aux \u00c9nergies Alternatives","ror":"https://ror.org/00jjx8s55","country_code":"FR","type":"government","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I2738703131"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210150049","display_name":"Laboratoire d'\u00c9lectronique des Technologies de l'Information","ror":"https://ror.org/04mf0wv34","country_code":"FR","type":"government","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I2738703131","https://openalex.org/I4210117989","https://openalex.org/I4210150049"]}],"countries":["FR"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Hokwon Kim","raw_affiliation_strings":["CEA, LETI, Minatec Campus, F-38054 Grenoble, France"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"CEA, LETI, Minatec Campus, F-38054 Grenoble, France","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I2738703131","https://openalex.org/I4210150049"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5054443475","display_name":"Cecilia Mattevi","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0005-0633","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0005-0633"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I47508984","display_name":"Imperial College London","ror":"https://ror.org/041kmwe10","country_code":"GB","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I47508984"]}],"countries":["GB"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Cecilia Mattevi","raw_affiliation_strings":["CASC,\rDepartment of Materials, Imperial College London, London SW7 2AZ, United Kingdom"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"CASC,\rDepartment of Materials, Imperial College London, London SW7 2AZ, United Kingdom","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I47508984"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5011906405","display_name":"Vivek B. Shenoy","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2645-1016","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2645-1016"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I79576946","display_name":"University of Pennsylvania","ror":"https://ror.org/00b30xv10","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I79576946"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Vivek B. Shenoy","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department\rof Materials Science and Engineering, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania 19104-6272, United States"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department\rof Materials Science and Engineering, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania 19104-6272, United States","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I79576946"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":3,"institutions_distinct_count":5,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5011906405"],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I79576946"],"apc_list":{"value":4500,"currency":"USD","value_usd":4500},"apc_paid":null,"fwci":5.9562,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":165,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.97529041,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":true},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":89,"max":100},"biblio":{"volume":"13","issue":"11","first_page":"5692","last_page":"5697"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10083","display_name":"Graphene research and applications","score":0.9682999849319458,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2505","display_name":"Materials Chemistry"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/25","display_name":"Materials Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10083","display_name":"Graphene research and applications","score":0.9682999849319458,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2505","display_name":"Materials Chemistry"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/25","display_name":"Materials Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11087","display_name":"Solidification and crystal growth phenomena","score":0.023399999365210533,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2505","display_name":"Materials Chemistry"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/25","display_name":"Materials Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T13465","display_name":"Graphite, nuclear technology, radiation studies","score":0.0008999999845400453,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2505","display_name":"Materials Chemistry"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/25","display_name":"Materials Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/epitaxial-graphene","display_name":"epitaxial graphene","score":0.9150000214576721},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/phase-field-model","display_name":"phase-field model","score":0.7929999828338623},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/growth-morphology","display_name":"growth morphology","score":0.6850000023841858},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/anisotropic-surface-diffusion","display_name":"anisotropic surface diffusion","score":0.8360000252723694},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/high-index-surfaces","display_name":"high-index surfaces","score":0.6669999957084656}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C544778455","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q753","display_name":"Copper","level":2,"score":0.696284294128418},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C110738630","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1135540","display_name":"Epitaxy","level":3,"score":0.6413019299507141},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C192562407","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q228736","display_name":"Materials science","level":0,"score":0.6269092559814453},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C145912823","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q113558","display_name":"Dynamics (music)","level":2,"score":0.5741924047470093},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C30080830","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q169917","display_name":"Graphene","level":2,"score":0.5433952808380127},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C9652623","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q190109","display_name":"Field (mathematics)","level":2,"score":0.4928767681121826},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C159467904","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2001702","display_name":"Chemical physics","level":1,"score":0.4662814140319824},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C44280652","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q104837","display_name":"Phase (matter)","level":2,"score":0.46054357290267944},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C171250308","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11468","display_name":"Nanotechnology","level":1,"score":0.4575485587120056},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C59593255","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q901663","display_name":"Molecular dynamics","level":2,"score":0.4428470730781555},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C26873012","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q214781","display_name":"Condensed matter physics","level":1,"score":0.35595372319221497},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C185592680","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2329","display_name":"Chemistry","level":0,"score":0.22712650895118713},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C191897082","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11467","display_name":"Metallurgy","level":1,"score":0.19403308629989624},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C121332964","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q413","display_name":"Physics","level":0,"score":0.17430457472801208},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C147597530","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q369472","display_name":"Computational chemistry","level":1,"score":0.11493593454360962},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C33923547","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q395","display_name":"Mathematics","level":0,"score":0.08055770397186279},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C178790620","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11351","display_name":"Organic chemistry","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C24890656","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q82811","display_name":"Acoustics","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2779227376","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q6505497","display_name":"Layer (electronics)","level":2,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C202444582","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q837863","display_name":"Pure mathematics","level":1,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[{"descriptor_ui":"D002244","descriptor_name":"Carbon","qualifier_ui":"Q000737","qualifier_name":"chemistry","is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D003300","descriptor_name":"Copper","qualifier_ui":"Q000737","qualifier_name":"chemistry","is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D006108","descriptor_name":"Graphite","qualifier_ui":"Q000737","qualifier_name":"chemistry","is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D007700","descriptor_name":"Kinetics","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D013499","descriptor_name":"Surface Properties","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D013816","descriptor_name":"Thermodynamics","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D016880","descriptor_name":"Anisotropy","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D036103","descriptor_name":"Nanotechnology","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false}],"locations_count":3,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1021/nl4033928","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1021/nl4033928","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1021/nl4033928","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S143846845","display_name":"Nano Letters","issn_l":"1530-6984","issn":["1530-6984","1530-6992"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"listed_in":["cwts-core","dongbi-a","jufo-3","ki-jl-2","medline","norway-2","poland-200","russia-white-list-1","vabb-shw"],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310320006","host_organization_name":"American Chemical Society","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310320006"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["American Chemical Society"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Nano Letters","raw_type":"journal-article"},{"id":"pmid:24147584","doi":null,"is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/24147584","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306525036","display_name":"PubMed","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I1299303238","host_organization_name":"National Institutes of Health","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1299303238"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Nano letters","raw_type":"Journal Article"},{"id":"pmh:oai:helvia.uco.es:10396/34803","doi":null,"is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"http://hdl.handle.net/10396/34803","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306401816","display_name":"Universidad de C\u00f3rdoba Insitutional Repository (Universidad de C\u00f3rdoba)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I4210163269","host_organization_name":"Universidad Paccioli de C\u00f3rdoba","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210163269"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":"cc-by-nc-nd","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by-nc-nd","version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"Meca, E., Lowengrub, J., Kim, H., Mattevi, C., & Shenoy, V. B. (2013). Epitaxial Graphene Growth and Shape Dynamics on Copper: Phase-Field Modeling and Experiments. Nano Letters, 13(11), 5692\u20135697. https://doi.org/10.1021/nl4033928","raw_type":"info:eu-repo/semantics/article"}],"best_oa_location":{"id":"pmh:oai:helvia.uco.es:10396/34803","doi":null,"is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"http://hdl.handle.net/10396/34803","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306401816","display_name":"Universidad de C\u00f3rdoba Insitutional Repository (Universidad de C\u00f3rdoba)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I4210163269","host_organization_name":"Universidad Paccioli de C\u00f3rdoba","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210163269"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":"cc-by-nc-nd","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by-nc-nd","version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"Meca, E., Lowengrub, J., Kim, H., Mattevi, C., & Shenoy, V. B. (2013). Epitaxial Graphene Growth and Shape Dynamics on Copper: Phase-Field Modeling and Experiments. Nano Letters, 13(11), 5692\u20135697. https://doi.org/10.1021/nl4033928","raw_type":"info:eu-repo/semantics/article"},"sustainable_development_goals":[],"study_designs":[],"awards":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/G167063161","display_name":"EPSRC-Royal Society fellowship engagement (2012): Tailoring the Electronic Properties of Semiconducting Transition Metal Dichalcogenides","funder_award_id":"EP/L003481/1","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320334627","funder_display_name":"Engineering and Physical Sciences Research Council"}],"funders":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320334627","display_name":"Engineering and Physical Sciences Research Council","ror":"https://ror.org/0439y7842"}],"has_content":{"grobid_xml":false,"pdf":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":28,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W1965911190","https://openalex.org/W1977071915","https://openalex.org/W1977643348","https://openalex.org/W1978254755","https://openalex.org/W2001780958","https://openalex.org/W2008555135","https://openalex.org/W2025739397","https://openalex.org/W2036872127","https://openalex.org/W2040162537","https://openalex.org/W2061181838","https://openalex.org/W2064286028","https://openalex.org/W2069615375","https://openalex.org/W2091695332","https://openalex.org/W2092188263","https://openalex.org/W2097450062","https://openalex.org/W2104994014","https://openalex.org/W2124557609","https://openalex.org/W2155306723","https://openalex.org/W2156785086","https://openalex.org/W2159875391","https://openalex.org/W2165940832","https://openalex.org/W2171628686","https://openalex.org/W2320470005","https://openalex.org/W2322962017","https://openalex.org/W2329587901","https://openalex.org/W2331093559","https://openalex.org/W2334884777","https://openalex.org/W2964130573"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W2473295158","https://openalex.org/W2426426878","https://openalex.org/W2272169054","https://openalex.org/W2322962017","https://openalex.org/W2235408396","https://openalex.org/W2001780958","https://openalex.org/W3023538585","https://openalex.org/W2785832727","https://openalex.org/W2412461017","https://openalex.org/W2935129298"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"The":[0],"epitaxial":[1],"growth":[2,17,47,118,124,140],"of":[3,44,67,72,74,82,106,109,117,123],"graphene":[4,69],"on":[5],"copper":[6,85,128],"foils":[7],"is":[8],"a":[9,36,41,98,114,121],"complex":[10],"process,":[11],"influenced":[12],"by":[13],"thermodynamic,":[14],"kinetic,":[15],"and":[16,31,49,79,111,150,161],"parameters,":[18],"often":[19],"leading":[20],"to":[21,134],"diverse":[22,46],"island":[23],"shapes":[24,119,141],"including":[25],"dendrites,":[26],"squares,":[27],"stars,":[28],"hexagons,":[29],"butterflies,":[30],"lobes.":[32],"Here,":[33],"we":[34,112],"introduce":[35],"phase-field":[37],"model":[38,52,58],"that":[39,94],"provides":[40],"unified":[42],"description":[43],"these":[45],"morphologies":[48],"compare":[50],"the":[51,62,65,77,80,83,104,107],"results":[53,131],"with":[54,139],"new":[55],"experiments.":[56],"Our":[57,130],"explicitly":[59],"accounts":[60],"for":[61,126,143,155],"anisotropies":[63],"in":[64,89,103,136],"energies":[66],"growing":[68],"edges,":[70,78],"kinetics":[71],"attachment":[73],"carbon":[75],"at":[76],"crystallinity":[81],"underlying":[84],"substrate":[86],"(through":[87],"anisotropy":[88],"surface":[90],"diffusion).":[91],"We":[92],"show":[93],"anisotropic":[95],"diffusion":[96],"has":[97],"very":[99],"important,":[100],"counterintuitive":[101],"role":[102],"determination":[105],"shape":[108],"islands,":[110],"present":[113],"\"phase":[115],"diagram\"":[116],"as":[120,148,152,154,159],"function":[122],"rate":[125],"different":[127],"facets.":[129],"are":[132],"shown":[133],"be":[135],"excellent":[137],"agreement":[138],"observed":[142],"high":[144],"symmetry":[145],"facets":[146],"such":[147,158],"(111)":[149],"(001)":[151],"well":[153],"high-index":[156],"surfaces":[157],"(221)":[160],"(310).":[162]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2026,"cited_by_count":5},{"year":2025,"cited_by_count":7},{"year":2024,"cited_by_count":7},{"year":2023,"cited_by_count":7},{"year":2022,"cited_by_count":20},{"year":2021,"cited_by_count":13},{"year":2020,"cited_by_count":19},{"year":2019,"cited_by_count":11},{"year":2018,"cited_by_count":21},{"year":2017,"cited_by_count":13},{"year":2016,"cited_by_count":18},{"year":2015,"cited_by_count":14},{"year":2014,"cited_by_count":9},{"year":2013,"cited_by_count":1}],"updated_date":"2026-11-04T10:54:05.112534","created_date":"2016-06-24T00:00:00"}
