{"id":"https://openalex.org/W2321356443","doi":"https://doi.org/10.2307/2854615","title":"The Phonikon and other Byzantine Taxes","display_name":"The Phonikon and other Byzantine Taxes","publication_year":1945,"publication_date":"1945-07-01","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W2321356443","doi":"https://doi.org/10.2307/2854615","mag":"2321356443"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.2307/2854615","doi":"https://doi.org/10.2307/2854615","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.2307/2854615","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S164398212","display_name":"Speculum","issn_l":"0038-7134","issn":["0038-7134","2040-8072"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":["anvur-class-a","anvur-scientific","erih-plus","jufo-3","norway-2","poland-200","russia-white-list-1","vabb-shw"],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310315672","host_organization_name":"University of Chicago Press","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310315672","https://openalex.org/P4310315690"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["University of Chicago Press","University of Chicago"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Speculum","raw_type":"journal-article"},"volume":null,"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":false,"oa_status":"closed","oa_url":null,"any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5075879091","display_name":"Peter Charanis","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[],"countries":[],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Peter Charanis","raw_affiliation_strings":[""],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"","institution_ids":[]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":0,"institutions_distinct_count":0,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5075879091"],"corresponding_institution_ids":[],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":0.0,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":3,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.31230769,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":null,"biblio":{"volume":"20","issue":"3","first_page":"331","last_page":"333"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T12266","display_name":"Byzantine Studies and History","score":0.986299991607666,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1205","display_name":"Classics"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/12","display_name":"Arts and Humanities"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T12266","display_name":"Byzantine Studies and History","score":0.986299991607666,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1205","display_name":"Classics"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/12","display_name":"Arts and Humanities"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10165","display_name":"Classical Antiquity Studies","score":0.008899999782443047,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3314","display_name":"Anthropology"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/33","display_name":"Social Sciences"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T14451","display_name":"Historical and Religious Studies of Rome","score":0.0010999999940395355,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1202","display_name":"History"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/12","display_name":"Arts and Humanities"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/byzantine-taxation","display_name":"Byzantine taxation","score":0.8809999823570251},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/tax-records","display_name":"tax registers","score":0.35100001096725464},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/byzantine-empire","display_name":"Byzantine Empire","score":0.5440000295639038},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/fiscal-history","display_name":"fiscal history","score":0.4169999957084656}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C104562893","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q47591","display_name":"Byzantine architecture","level":2,"score":0.7605221271514893},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2780154274","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7126717","display_name":"Download","level":2,"score":0.646465003490448},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C74916050","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q841090","display_name":"Classics","level":1,"score":0.47235000133514404},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C161191863","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q199655","display_name":"Library science","level":1,"score":0.4262266755104065},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C95457728","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q309","display_name":"History","level":0,"score":0.4114757180213928},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.22368329763412476},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C136764020","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q466","display_name":"World Wide Web","level":1,"score":0.11640861630439758}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":1,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.2307/2854615","doi":"https://doi.org/10.2307/2854615","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.2307/2854615","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S164398212","display_name":"Speculum","issn_l":"0038-7134","issn":["0038-7134","2040-8072"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":["anvur-class-a","anvur-scientific","erih-plus","jufo-3","norway-2","poland-200","russia-white-list-1","vabb-shw"],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310315672","host_organization_name":"University of Chicago Press","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310315672","https://openalex.org/P4310315690"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["University of Chicago Press","University of Chicago"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Speculum","raw_type":"journal-article"}],"best_oa_location":null,"sustainable_development_goals":[],"study_designs":[],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"pdf":false,"grobid_xml":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":0,"referenced_works":[],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W2511755194","https://openalex.org/W2128735236","https://openalex.org/W4385426131","https://openalex.org/W7027149963","https://openalex.org/W2510790177","https://openalex.org/W2795609679","https://openalex.org/W2008397225","https://openalex.org/W2154004986","https://openalex.org/W2109508341","https://openalex.org/W2319910744"],"abstract_inverted_index":null,"counts_by_year":[],"updated_date":"2025-11-06T03:46:38.306776","created_date":"2016-06-24T00:00:00"}
